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    Syllabus Comparison: Class 11 And 12 With Class 9 And 10

    By Safeer PP
    5 Mar'22  7 min read
    Syllabus Comparison: Class 11 And 12 With Class 9 And 10
    Synopsis

    All students study PCMB till Class 10. Going forward, what you study in Class 9 and 10 form the basis of what you learn in detail in Class 11 and 12. Careers360 brings you a comparison of PCMB chapters from Class 9 till 12 to show that if you are thorough with PCMB in Class 9 and 10, that will be of big help in Class 11 and 12. The added advantage is that it will also make it easy for you to crack entrance exams like JEE and NEET. So, which are these chapters? Read on.

    Syllabus Comparison: Class 11 And 12 With Class 9 And 10
    Synopsis

    All students study PCMB till Class 10. Going forward, what you study in Class 9 and 10 form the basis of what you learn in detail in Class 11 and 12. Careers360 brings you a comparison of PCMB chapters from Class 9 till 12 to show that if you are thorough with PCMB in Class 9 and 10, that will be of big help in Class 11 and 12. The added advantage is that it will also make it easy for you to crack entrance exams like JEE and NEET. So, which are these chapters? Read on.

    The curriculum of a course is framed by a panel of experts by considering factors like the students’ mental growth and their ability to understand according to their age. And a syllabus deals with the various subjects outlined in the curriculum. In this article we will look into the syllabus of Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Maths in Class 9, 10, 11 and 12 so that students get an idea of what they are going to learn in each subject. The comparison will be helpful to students who want to choose Science stream in Class 12 with Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics or Biology as their core subjects.

    Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology (PCMB) of Classes 11 and 12 are basically built on the foundation of the same subjects taught in Class 9 and 10. For example, Motion, Newton’s Law, Gravitation, Work And Energy; Trigonometry, The Periodic Table; Carbon Compounds, Chemical Reactions And Equations; Life Process, Tissues, Diversity In Living Organism, Heredity And Evolution in Classes 9 and 10 form the basis of related chapters of PCMB in Class 11 and 12.

    So, if a student wishes to appear for entrance exams like JEE or NEET it would be a good idea to start early in Class 9 or 10. The NEET and JEE Main exams are mainly based on the NCERT syllabus of class 11th and 12th. .

    Comparison of Class 9, 10, 11 and 12 NCERT Syllabus

    Students should ideally make a comparison of PCMB subjects in Class 9 and 10 of NCERT textbooks with that of the same subjects taught in Class 11, 12

    Mathematics: The calculations that are performed in Class 9 and 10 Mathematics are definitely going to help to solve problems of Class 11 and 12 NCERT Mathematics. The concepts in Class 9 and 10 chapters like Probability, Statistics, Trigonometry, Quadratic Equations, Arithmetic Progression and Coordinate Geometry are useful for Class 11 and 12. Class 11 chapter Trigonometric Function is an extension of Class 10 Mathematics chapter called Introduction to Trigonometry. But the Class 11 chapter is lengthy when compared to Class 10 with the addition of new concepts and identities. Similarly, the chapter on Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations introduces the concept of imaginary numbers and how to solve quadratic equations that have imaginary roots. The method of solving quadratic equations remains the same as in Class 9 and 10 except that imaginary numbers are used here.

    Also Read,

    The chapter, Sequence and Series discusses the concepts that are covered in the Class 10 Mathematics chapter Arithmetic Progression. Other than Arithmetic Progression, Geometric Progression and Harmonic Progression are introduced in Class 11 Mathematics. The chapter called Straight Lines of Class 11 has the concepts of the equation of a line, the slope of a line, section formula and distance formula which are also discussed in the chapter Coordinate Geometry of Class 9 and 10. Other than these concepts the topics of Tangents and Normals are also discussed in the Class 11 Mathematics chapter, Straight Line. The chapters – Statistics and Probability – of Class 11 and 12 are the continuation of Class 9 and 10 chapters with more topics and higher-level problems. The remaining chapters are new to students, but these chapters also require basic skills that are taught in lower classes.

    Physics

    The Class 11 Physics chapters Motion in a Straight Line, Laws of Motion, Work Energy and Power, Gravitation and Waves are extensions of Class 9 Science chapters of Motion, Force and Laws of Motion, Work and Energy, Gravitation and Sound respectively. The Class 11 chapters give a detailed explanation and analysis of these chapters with the addition of new concepts. If we look at Class 11 chapters on Mechanics, around 5 % of the concepts are from Class 9. The rest are new concepts and detailed analysis of concepts using vectors and calculus are done in the Class 11 NCERT book.

    The concepts discussed in Class 10 Physics are present in Class 12 chapters also. The concepts in Light Reflection and Refraction and The Human Eye and Colourful World are dealt with in detail with mathematical equations and analysis in the Class 12 chapter, Ray Optics and Optical Instruments. Other than the concepts in Class 10, the Ray Optics part of Class 12 gives ideas on optical instruments like a Microscope, Telescope, Optical fibre and related equations.

    The chapter, Current Electricity of Class 12 NCERT Physics is the advanced study of Class 10 chapter Electricity. There is an addition of new concepts of instruments like Whetstones Bridge, Metre Bridge and Potentiometer and its applications. The chapter, Current Electricity introduces an important law known as Kirchhoff's Law For Circuit Analysis.

    The Class 10 Science chapter, Magnetic Effect of Electric Current introduces the concepts of magnetism and electromagnetic induction which is a vast area of the Class 12 NCERT Physics syllabus. This area includes the chapters Moving Charges and Magnetism, Magnetism and Matter and Electromagnetic Induction. It is not mandatory to remember all the concepts of Class 10 Physics to study Class 12. Concepts in Class 12 Physics start from the basics but understanding Class 10 concepts gives added advantage.

    Chemistry

    Class 9 and 10 Chemistry forms the basics of certain chapters in Class 11 and 12 Chemistry. They are: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry; Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques; ElectroChemistry and Redox Reaction. Here the Electrochemical Reactions and Oxidation and Reduction reactions are detailed with necessary equations and analysis.

    The Class 10 chapters of Chemical Reactions and Equations introduce the concepts of balancing a chemical equation which is required throughout the Class 11 and 12 Chemistry course.

    The Class 10 chapter, Periodic Classification of Elements Periodic Table is discussed in detail with extra concepts in the Class 12 chapter, Classification of Elements and Periodicity In Properties.

    The Class 10 chapter Carbon and its Compound deals with the basics of Organic Chemistry. The first four chapters of Class 9 Science are useful for Class 11 and 12 chapters like Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, States of Matter, Solutions and General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements.

    Looking at the Chemistry syllabus of Class 9 and 10 can give the students an idea of what the Class 11 and 12 syllabus will be.

    Biology

    The Class 9 Biology chapters are The Fundamental Unit Of Life; Tissues, Diversity in Living Organisms and Why Do We Fall Ill. These chapters form the basics of Class 11 and 12 chapters, Cell the Unit of Life;The Living World and Human Health and Diseases. Class 10 Biology chapters are: Life Process, Control and Coordination, How do Organisms Reproduce and Heredity and Evaluation. These Class 10 Biology chapters form the foundation of Class 11 and Class 12 chapters. For example, the Class 10 chapters – How do Organisms Reproduce, Life Process and Control and Coordination give a brief idea of Class 11 and 12 Biology chapters on Reproduction, Respiration, Digestion, Excretion, Locomotion and Movement and Neural Control and Coordination in plants and animals. Similarly, the chapter, Heredity and Evolution is an introduction to the Class 12 unit, Genetics and Evolution.

    Class 11 And 12 Syllabus: Benefits of Early Understanding

    A clear understanding of PCMB topics in Class 9 and 10 is quite helpful for Class 11 and 12 and also for JEE and NEET preparation. Mastering these topics early will make your foundation strong and make it easy for you in Class 11 and 12. You should also make efforts to understand the syllabus of JEE and NEET and note down the topics that are common to Class 9 and 10 syllabus. Focus on these topics and solve more questions from them. It is important to accurately solve more problems in less time to crack tough entrance exams like JEE Main or NEET. Students should master their respective class syllabus before going through high-level problems or concepts found in the topics common to JEE and NEET. This will ensure that their academic performance does not suffer. Going through more problems will help you improve calculation skills, accuracy and speed.

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