OJEE Exam 2025 - Counselling (Started), Cutoff, Result, Eligibility, Answer Key

Chemistry: Unit 01

Chemistry: Unit 02

Chemistry: Unit 03

Chemistry: Unit 04

Chemistry: Unit 05

Chemistry: Unit 06

Chemistry: Unit 07

Chemistry: Unit 08

Chemistry: Unit 09

Chemistry: Unit 10

Chemistry: Unit 11

Chemistry: Unit 12

Chemistry: Unit 13

Chemistry: Unit 14

Chemistry: Unit 15

Chemistry: Unit 16

Chemistry: Unit 17

Chemistry: Unit 18

Chemistry: Unit 19

Chemistry: Unit 20

Chemistry: Unit 21

Chemistry: Unit 22

Mathematics: Unit 01

Mathematics: Unit 02

Mathematics: Unit 03

Mathematics: Unit 04

Mathematics: Unit 05

Mathematics: Unit 06

Mathematics: Unit 07

Mathematics: Unit 08

Mathematics: Unit 09

Mathematics: Unit 10

Mathematics: Unit 11

Mathematics: Unit 12

Mathematics: Unit 13

Mathematics: Unit 14

Biology: Unit 01

Biology: Unit 02

Biology: Unit 03

Biology: Unit 04

Biology: Unit 05

Biology: Unit 06

Biology: Unit 07

Biology: Unit 08

Biology: Unit 09

Biology: Unit 10

Biology: Unit 11

Biology: Unit 12

Zoology: Unit 01

Zoology: Unit 02

Zoology: Unit 03

Zoology: Unit 04

Zoology: Unit 05

Zoology: Unit 06

Zoology: Unit 07

Zoology: Unit 08

Zoology: Unit 09

Zoology: Unit 10

Zoology: Unit 11

Zoology: Unit 12

Zoology: Unit 13

Zoology: Unit 14

Zoology: Unit 15

Zoology: Unit 16

Zoology: Unit 17

Zoology: Unit 18

Zoology: Unit 19

Zoology: Unit 20

Engineering mathematics: Unit 01

• Solution of first order
• Second order and higher order differential equations (separable equation, exact differential equation, homogeneous equation with constant coefficient, Euler Cauchy equations, solution by undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters)

Engineering mathematics: Unit 02

• Matrices, vectors, determinants, and linear system of equations, eigen value problems, symmetric, skew symmetric, orthogonal matrices
• Complex matrices, hermitian, skew hermitian, and unitary matrices, similarity of matrices

Engineering mathematics: Unit 03

• Fourier series and expansion of functions of any period, odd and even functions, half range expansion

Engineering mathematics: Unit 04

• Use of Laplace transform for solving differential equations, convolution, and integral equations

Engineering mathematics: Unit 05

• Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Laurent’s series, singularities and zeros

Engineering mathematics: Unit 06

• Interpolation, numerical integration, solution of first order ordinary differential equations

Engineering mathematics: Unit 07

• Probability distribution (discrete and continuous), sampling distribution, correlation and regression analysis

Biotechnology: Unit 01

• Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; microbial nutrition, growth; microbial metabolism (aerobic and anaerobic respiration, photosynthesis); nitrogen fixation; chemical basis of mutations and mutagens
• Microbial genetics (plasmids, transformation, transduction, conjugation); viruses, bacteria

Biotechnology: Unit 02

• Biomolecules and their conformation; weak inter-molecular interactions in biomacro molecules; chemical and functional nature of enzymes; kinetics of single substrate and bi-substrate enzyme catalyzed reactions; bioenergetics
• Metabolism (glycolysis, TCA and oxidative phosphorylation); membrane transport and pumps; cell cycle and cell growth control

Biotechnology: Unit 03

• Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; DNA replication and control; transcription and its control; translational processes, Mendelian inheritance; linkage, recombination, and chromosome mapping; chromosomal variation
• Molecular basis of genetic diseases and applications

Biotechnology: Unit 04

• Bioprocess technology for the production of cell biomass and primary/ secondary metabolites, such as baker's yeast, ethanol, citric acid, amino acids, antibiotics; chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods
• Immobilization of enzymes and cells and their application for bioconversion processes
• Aerobic and anaerobic biological processes for stabilization of solid/ liquid wastes; bioremediation

Biotechnology: Unit 05

• Kinetics of microbial growth, substrate utilization and product formation; simple structured models; sterilization; batch, fed-batch and continuous processes; mass transfer in bio reactors; scale-up concepts; various types of microbial and enzyme reactors
• Instrumentation in bioreactors

Biotechnology: Unit 06

• Special features and organization of plant cells; totipotency; regeneration of plants; autotrophic and heterotrophic growth; plant growth regulators and elicitors; production of secondary metabolites by plant suspension cultures

Biotechnology: Unit 07

• Metabolism, animal cell cultures; kinetics of cell growth and product formation, hybridoma technology; livestock improvement; cloning in animals; genetic engineering in animal cell culture

Biotechnology: Unit 08

• The origin of immunology; inherent immunity; humoral and cell mediated immunity; antigen; B and T cells and macrophages; major histo compatibility complex (MHC); antigen processing and presentation; molecular basis of antibody diversity
• Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; complement; antigen-antibody reaction; immune tolerance; hyper sensitivity; autoimmunity

Biotechnology: Unit 09

• Restriction and modification enzymes; vectors: Plasmid, bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, tiplasmid, yeast artificial chromosome; cDNA and genomic DNA library; gene isolation; gene cloning; expression of cloned gene
• Transposons and gene targeting; DNA labelling; DNA sequencing; polymerase chain reactions; DNA finger printing; southern and northern blotting; in-situ hybridization; RAPD; RFLP; site-directed mutagenesis; gene transfer technologies; gene therapy

Biotechnology: Unit 10

• Major bioinformatics resources, sequence, and structure databases; sequence analysis (biomolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence alignment, phylogeny); DNA microarrays, molecular modelling, and simulations

Chemical engineering: Unit 01

• Laws of conservation of mass and energy; recycle, bypass and purge calculations; degree of freedom analysis
• First and second laws of thermodynamics
• First law application to close and open systems
• Second law and entropy
• Thermodynamic properties of pure substances: Equation of state, properties of mixtures: Partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties, and activity coefficients; phase equilibrium: Predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibrium

Chemical engineering: Unit 02

• Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Bernoulli equation, friction factors, energy balance, dimension analysis, flow through pipeline systems, flow meters, packed and fluidized beds, elementary boundary layer theory
• Size reduction and size separation, free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and classification, filtration, mixing, and agitation; conveying of solids

Chemical engineering: Unit 03

• Conduction, convection, and radiation, heat transfer coefficients, steady and unsteady heat conduction, boiling, condensation, and evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators

Chemical engineering: Unit 04

• Fick's 1st law, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, two film theory, film theory, penetration, and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat, and mass transfer analogies; stage wise and continuous contacting, and stage efficiencies
• HTU and NTU concepts design, and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification, and adsorption

Chemical engineering: Unit 05

• Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors; residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors

Chemical engineering: Unit 06

• Measurement of process variables; sensors, transducers, and their dynamics, transfer functions and dynamic responses of simple systems, process reaction curve, controller modes (P, PI, and PID); control valves
• Analysis of closed loop systems including stability, frequency response, cascade and feed forward control

Chemical engineering: Unit 07

• Process design and sizing of chemical engineering equipment such as distillation column, heat exchangers and evaporators

Chemical engineering: Unit 08

• Inorganic chemical industries; sulphuric acid, NaOH, fertilizers (ammonia, Urea, SSP, and TSP); natural products industries (pulp and paper, sugar, oil and fats); petroleum refining and petrochemicals; polymerization industries
• Polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC and polyester synthetic fibers

Civil engineering: Unit 01

• Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams. Simple stress and strain relationship: Stress and strain in two dimensions, principals tresses, stress transformation, Mohr’s circle. Simple bending theory
• Mechanics: Flexural and shear stresses, unsymmetrical bending, shear centre. Thin walled pressure vessels, uniform torsion, bucking of column, combined and direct bending stresses
• Structural analysis: Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames, displacements in statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods
• Structural analysis: Analysis by displacement methods (slope deflection and moment distribution methods), influence lines for determinate and indeterminate structures. Basic concepts of matrix methods of structural analysis
• Concrete structures: Concrete technology-properties of concrete, basics of mix design. Concrete design-basic working stress and limit state design concepts, analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subjected to flexure, shear
• Concrete structures: Compression and torsion by limit state methods. Basic elements of prestressed concrete, analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads
• Steel structures: Analysis and design of tension, and compression members, beams and beam-columns, column bases. Connections-simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses. Plastic analysis of beams and frames
• Construction materials: Characteristics of commonly used building materials like cement, aggregates, admixtures, fresh and harden concrete-properties and testing, mix design

Civil engineering: Unit 02

• Soil mechanics: Origin of soils, soil classification, three-phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and inter relationships, permeability and seepage, effective stress principle, consolidation, compaction, shear strength
• Foundation engineering: Sub-surface investigations-scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetration tests, plate load test. Earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils. Stability of slopes-infinite slopes, finite slopes
• Foundation engineering: Foundation types. Foundation design requirements. Shallow foundations-bearing capacity, effect of shape, water table, and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays. Deep foundations-pile types
• Foundation engineering: Dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, negative skin friction

Civil engineering: Unit 03

• Fluid mechanics and hydraulics: Properties of fluids, principle of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and corresponding equations, potential flow, applications of momentum and Bernoulli’s equation, laminar and turbulent flow, flow in pipes
• Fluid mechanics and hydraulics: Pipe networks. Concept of boundary layer and its growth. Uniform flow, critical flow, and gradually varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump. Forces on immersed bodies, flow measurements in channels
• Fluid mechanics and hydraulics: Tanks and pipes. Dimensional analysis and hydraulic modelling. Kinematics of flow, velocity triangles and specific speed of pumps, and turbines
• Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle, rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, stage discharge relationships, unit hydrographs, flood estimation, reservoir capacity, reservoir and channel routing. Well hydraulics
• Irrigation: Duty, delta, estimation of vapour-transpiration. Crop water requirements. Design of lined and unlined canals, waterways, headworks, gravity dams and spillways. Design of weirs on permeable foundation. Types of irrigation system
• Irrigation: Irrigation methods. Water logging and drainage, reclamation of defective soil

Civil engineering: Unit 04

• Water requirements: Quality standards, basic unit processes, and operations for water treatment. Drinking water standards, water requirements, basic unit operations and unit processes for surface water treatment, distribution of water
• Water requirements: Sewage and sewerage treatment, quantity and characteristics of waste water. Primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment of wastewater, sludge disposal, effluent discharge standards. Domestic waste water treatment
• Water requirements: Quantity of characteristics of domestic waste water, primary and secondary treatment unit operations, and unit processes of domestic waste water, sludge disposal
• Air pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution meteorology, air pollution control, air quality standards and limits
• Municipal solid wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection, and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal)
• Noise pollution: Impacts of noise, permissible limits of noise pollution, measurement of noise and control of noise pollution

Civil engineering: Unit 05

• Highway planning: Geometric design of highways, testing and specifications of paving materials, design of flexible and rigid pavements
• Traffic engineering: Traffic characteristics, theory of traffic flow, intersection design, traffic signs and signal design, highway capacity

Civil engineering: Unit 06

• Principle of surveying, surveying by chain, compass and theodolite, levelling and contouring, tacheometry, total station

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 01

• Logic functions, minimization, design and synthesis of combinational, and sequential circuits; number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point)

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 02

• Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, memory interface, I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode), instruction pipelining, cache and main memory, secondary storage

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 03

• Programming in C; functions, recursion, parameter passing, scope, binding; abstract data types, arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary heaps

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 04

• Analysis, asymptotic notation, notions of space, and time complexity, worst and average case analysis; design: Greedy approach, dynamic programming, divide-and conquer; tree and graph traversals, connected components, spanning trees, shortest paths
• Hashing, sorting, searching
• Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, basic concepts of complexity classes-P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 05

• Regular languages and finite automata, context free languages and push-down automata, recursively enumerable sets and turing machines, undecidability

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 06

• Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax directed translation, runtime environments, intermediate and target code generation, basics of code optimization

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 07

• Processes, threads, inter-process communication, concurrency, synchronization, deadlock, CPU scheduling, memory management and virtual memory, file systems, I/ O systems, protection and security

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 08

• Internet and web, IPv4 vs. IPV6, web client and server, HTML

Computer science/ information technology: Unit 09

• OSI layer, protocols in various layers, different media in physical layer, TCP/ IP, SMTP/ Pop3, FTP

Electrical engineering: Unit 01

• Network graph, KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis, transient response of DC and AC networks; sinusoidal steady-state analysis, resonance, basic filter concepts; ideal current and voltage sources, Thevenin’s
• Norton’s and superposition, and maximum power transfer theorems, two-port networks, three phase circuits; Gauss theorem, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane, and spherical charge distributions; Ampere's and Biot-Savart's laws
• Inductance; dielectrics; capacitance
• Mutual inductance; tuned coupled circuit

Electrical engineering: Unit 02

• Representation of continuous and discrete-time signals; shifting and scaling operations; linear, time-invariant and causal systems; Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals; sampling theorem; Fourier, Laplace, and Z transforms
• Wavelet analysis

Electrical engineering: Unit 03

• Single phase transformer-equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three phase transformers-connections, parallel operation; autotransformer; energy conversion principles; DC machines-types, windings, generator characteristics
• Excitation, armature reaction, and commutation, starting and speed control of motors; three phase induction motors-principles, types, performance characteristics, starting, speed control and applications; salient/ two reaction theory analysis
• Single phase induction motors; synchronous machines-performance, regulation, and parallel operation of generators, motor starting, characteristics and applications; servo and stepper motors

Electrical engineering: Unit 04

• Basic power generation concepts; transmission line models and performance; mechanical design (tension, sag etc); cable performance, insulation; corona and radio interference; distribution systems; per-unit quantities; bus impedance and admittance matrices
• Load flow; voltage control; power factor correction; economic operation; symmetrical components; fault analysis; principles of over-current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays and digital protection; circuit breakers
• System stability concepts, swing curves and equal area criterion; HVDC transmission and FACTS concepts for power quality, reactive power compensation, automatic generation control; renewable energy power generation (PV/ wind)

Electrical engineering: Unit 05

• Principles of feedback; transfer function; block diagrams; steady-state errors; Routh and Nyquist techniques; bode plots; root loci; lag, lead, and lead-lag compensation; state pole-zero addition, stability of transfer function (system); space model
• State transition matrix, controllability and observability

Electrical engineering: Unit 06

• Bridges and potentiometers; PMMC, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments; potentiometer, galvanometers, damping scheme measurement of voltage, current, power, energy, and power factor; instrument transformers
• Digital voltmeters and multimeters; phase, time, and frequency measurement; Q-meters; oscilloscopes; potentiometric recorders; error analysis

Electrical engineering: Unit 07

• Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET; amplifiers-biasing, equivalent circuit, and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; operational amplifiers-characteristics and applications; simple active filters; VCOs and timers
• Combinational and sequential logic circuits; multiplexer and de-multiplexer; Schmitt trigger; multi-vibrators; sample and hold circuits; A/ D and D/ A converters, 8051 micro controller
• Introduction to 8085/ 8086 microprocessor basics and architecture, programming and interfacing of I/O devices

Electrical engineering: Unit 08

• Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs, and IGBTs-static characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled
• Principles of choppers and inverters; basic concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives, and variable frequency drive
• Dual converters

Electronics engineering: Unit 01

• Mesh and nodal analysis, network theorems: Super position, Thevenin, and Norton's maximum power transfer, wye-delta transformation
• Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors
• Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, solution of network equations using Laplace transform: Frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits
• 2-port network parameters: Driving point and transfer functions
• State equations for networks
• Series and parallel resonance

Electronics engineering: Unit 02

• Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic, and extrinsic silicon
• Carrier transport in silicon: Diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity
• Generation and recombination of carriers
• P-N junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET, and MOSFET
• Diode circuits
• Transistors at low and high frequencies, amplifiers, single and multi-stage
• Feedback amplifiers
• Operational amplifiers, characteristics, and circuit configurations
• Precision rectifier
• V-to-I and I-to- V converter
• Op Amp based active filters
• Oscillators and signal generators

Electronics engineering: Unit 03

• Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS)
• Combinatorial circuits: Arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, sequential circuits: Latches and flip-flops, counters, and shift-registers
• Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs
• Semiconductor memories
• Microprocessor (8086): Architecture, programming, memory, and I/O interfacing

Electronics engineering: Unit 04

• Periodic and aperiodic signals
• Continuous-time and discrete-time, Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier transform, DFT and FFT, Z-transform., transfer function, impulse, and frequency response of first-and second order systems
• Convolution, correlation, and characteristics of linear time invariant systems
• Pulse transfer function
• IIR and FIR filters
• Amplitude and frequency modulation, and demodulation
• Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation
• Frequency and time division multiplexing
• Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation

Electronics engineering: Unit 05

• Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems, and stability analysis of these systems
• Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems, and frequency response
• Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: Root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, bode and Nyquist plots
• Control system compensators: Elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control
• State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems

Electronics engineering: Unit 06

• Elements of vector calculus: Divergence and curl; Gauss' and Stokes' theorems, Maxwell's equations: Differential and integral forms
• Wave equation, Poynting vector
• Plane waves: Propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth

Electronics engineering: Unit 07

• Static and dynamic characteristics of instrument, basic electrical measurement such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance, oscilloscope and multimeter

Environmental engineering: Unit 01

• Definition, branches, and scope of ecology
• Ecological adaptation and concept of limiting factor
• Different types of ecosystem in India
• Structural and functional attributes of an ecosystem, biotic and abiotic components, food chain, food web, and energy flow
• Ecological succession, biogeochemical cycles
• Concept of population and population attributes, concept of carrying capacity and environmental resistance
• Development and evolution of ecosystem

Environmental engineering: Unit 02

• Atmospheric chemistry: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, pathways of pollutants
• Major regions of atmosphere, particles, ions and radicals in atmosphere, thermochemical and photochemical reaction in atmosphere, smog, NOx, SOX, hydrocarbons, suspended particulate matter
• Chemistry of action of pollutants and effects (acid rain, global warming, green house effect, and ozone layer depletion)
• Soil chemistry: Inorganic and organic components of soil, nitrogen pathway in soil, fertilizers
• Toxic chemicals in the environment: Pesticides, arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, carbon monoxide, PAN, MIC, radioactive wastes
• Microbial metabolism of heavy metals, pesticides etc

Environmental engineering: Unit 03

• Population estimation, design period, water demands, raw water source selection, collection, transport (preliminary hydraulic design of pressure conduits system), surface water treatment system and treated water distribution systems
• Water quality parameters: Drinking water Standards and their significance (BIS 10500), gravimetric, potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods of determination of water quality parameters

Environmental engineering: Unit 04

• Wastewater quantity and characteristics, wastewater collection, transport (hydraulic design of gravity sewerage system), primary, secondary (aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment), and tertiary treatment methods, effluent disposal standards
• Sludge treatment and disposal

Environmental engineering: Unit 05

• Air pollution meteorology, measurement of air pollutants and their standards, atmospheric dispersion of stack effluents, air pollution control devices
• Noise pollution: Sources, effects, measurement, and control

Environmental engineering: Unit 06

• Municipal solid waste: Sources, composition, and characteristics of municipal solid waste, generation, collection rates, transportation, waste handling and separation, storage and processing at the source
• Aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment, and disposal)
• Biomedical waste, E-waste and plastic waste management: Sources, hazards associated with biomedical wastes, biosafety, storage of biomedical wastes, disposal, and processing

Environmental engineering: Unit 07

• Screening and scooping criteria, rapid and comprehensive EIA, environmental health impact assessment, environmental risk analysis
• Environmental laws

Mechanical engineering: Unit 01

• Engineering mechanics: Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; kinematics and dynamics of particles and of rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular), and energy formulations; impact
• Strength of materials: Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr’s circle for Plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams
• Strength of materials: Torsion of circular shafts; Euler’s theory of columns; strain energy methods
• Theory of machines: Displacement, velocity, and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear trains; flywheels
• Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts
• Design: Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N curve; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings
• Design: Brakes and clutches

Mechanical engineering: Unit 02

• Fluid mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli’s equation
• Fluid mechanics: Viscous flow of incompressible fluids; boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc
• Heat-transfer: Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, lumped heat capacity, heat conduction, fins; dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer
• Heat-transfer: Concept of using various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis
• Heat-transfer: Heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods
• Thermodynamics: Zeroth, first and second law soft thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes; Carnot cycle. Basic concept of availability and irreversibility; behaviour of ideal and real gases, properties of pure substances
• Thermodynamics: Calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion
• Applications: Power engineering-steam tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat IC engines: Air-standard otto, diesel cycles. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration
• Applications: Refrigeration and air-conditioning-reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: Psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes. Turbomachinery: Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines-impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams

Mechanical engineering: Unit 03

• Engineering materials: Structure and properties of engineering materials, crystal imperfections, heat treatment, T-T-T diagrams for engineering materials
• Metal casting: Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations
• Forming: Plastic deformation of metals; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing, and sheet metal forming processes; shearing, deep drawing, bending, principles of powder metallurgy
• Joining: Physics of welding, brazing, and soldering; gas welding and arc welding; design considerations in welding
• Machining and machine tool operations: Mechanics of machining, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool wear and; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining processes; principles of work holding
• Machining and machine tool operations: Principles of design of jigs and fixtures
• Metrology and inspection: Limits, fits and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; measurement of surface roughness; measurement of straightness and flatness, tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly
• Computer integrated manufacturing: Basic concepts of CAD/ CAM and computer integrated manufacturing
• Production planning and control: Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning
• Inventory control: Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems
• Modern trends in manufacturing: Just in time systems, supply chain management

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 01

• Laws of thermodynamics, activity, equilibrium constant, applications to metallurgical systems, solutions, phase equilibrium, Ellingham and phase stability diagrams, thermodynamics of surfaces, interfaces and defects, adsorption and segregation
• Basic kinetic laws, order of reactions, rate constants and rate limiting steps; principles of electrochemistry-single electrode potential, electrochemical cells and polarizations, aqueous corrosion and protection of metals
• Oxidation and high temperature corrosion-characterization and control; heat transfer-conduction, convection and heat transfer coefficient relations, radiation, mass transfer-diffusion and Fick’s laws, mass transfer coefficients
• Momentum transfer-concepts of viscosity, shell balances, Bernoulli's equation, friction factors

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 02

• Minerals of economic importance, comminution techniques, size classification, flotation, gravity and other methods of mineral processing; agglomeration, pyro-hydro-and electro-metallurgical processes; material and energy balances
• Principles and processes for the extraction of non-ferrous metals-aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, magnesium, nickel, titanium and other rare metals; iron and steelmaking-principles, role structure and properties of slags, metallurgical coke, blast furnace
• Direct reduction processes, primary and secondary steel making, ladle metallurgy operations including deoxidation, desulphurization, sulphide shape control, inert gas rinsing and vacuum reactors; secondary refining processes including AOD, VAD, VOD
• VAR and ESR; ingot and continuous casting; stainless steelmaking, furnaces and refractories

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 03

• Crystal structure and bonding characteristics of metals, alloys, ceramics and polymers, structure of surfaces and interfaces, nano-crystalline and amorphous structures; solid solutions; solidification; phase transformation and binary phase diagrams
• Principles of heat treatment, properties and applications of steels, cast iron, aluminium and titanium alloys; surface treatments; recovery, recry stallization and grain growth; industrially important ferrous and non-ferrous alloys
• Elements of X-ray and electron diffraction; principles of scanning and transmission electron microscopy; industrial ceramics, polymers, composites and biomaterials; electronic basis of thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties of materials
• Electronic and opto-electronic materials

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 04

• Elasticity, yield criteria, and plasticity; defects in crystals; elements of dislocation theory-types of dislocations, slip, and twinning, source and multiplication of dislocations, stress fields around dislocations, partial dislocations
• Dislocation interactions and reactions; strengthening mechanisms; tensile, fatigue and creep behaviour; super-plasticity; fracture-Griffith theory, basic concepts of linear elastic and elasto-plastic fracture mechanics, ductile to brittle transition
• Fracture toughness; failure analysis; mechanical testing-tension, compression, torsion, hardness, impact, creep, fatigue, fracture toughness, and formability

Metallurgical engineering: Unit 05

• Metal casting-patterns and moulds including mould design involving feeding, gating and risering, melting, casting practice sins and casting, permanent mould casting, investment casting and shell moulding, casting defects and repair
• Hot, warm, and cold working of metals, metal forming-fundamentals of metal forming processes of rolling, forging, extrusion, wired rawing and sheet metal forming, defects informing; metaljoining-soldering, brazing, and welding
• Common welding processes of shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding and submerged arc welding; welding metallurgy, problems associated with welding of steels and aluminium alloys, defect sin welded joints
• Powder metallurgy; NDT using dye-penetrant, ultrasonic, radiography, eddy current, acoustic emission and magnetic particle methods

Plastic engineering: Unit 01

• Natural polymers, synthetic polymers-homo polymers, copolymers, cross linked polymers, polymerisation-addition polymerization, step growth polymerisation, degree of polymerisation, polydispersity, molecular weight of polymers
• Molecular weight distribution
• Polymerisation techniques, analysis and characterisation of polymers, melt flow index, polymer processing: Injection moulding, blow moulding, extrusion, compression moulding, polymer additives, polymer blends and alloys
• Engineering plastics, commodity plastics, high performance plastics
• Application of polymers

Plastic engineering: Unit 02

• Chemical bonding atomic structure, organic chemistry, name reaction, physical chemistry chemical kinetics-spectroscopy

Plastic engineering: Unit 03

• Mechanical properties of material-magnetic and dielectric materials-conductor and semi conductor materials

Plastic engineering: Unit 04

• Law of mechanics-Lame's theorem-forces, moments and couples-displacement, velocity and acceleration-friction-moment of inertia

Textile engineering: Unit 01

• Classification of textile fibres; essential requirements of fibre forming polymers; gross and fine structure of natural fibres like cotton, wool and silk
• Introduction to important bast fibres; properties and uses of natural, and man-made fibres; physical and chemical methods of fibre and blend identification and blend analysis
• Polymerization of nylon-6, nylon-66, polyethyl terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene; melt spinning processes, characteristic features of PET, polyamide and polypropylene spinning; wet and dry spinning of viscose, and acrylic fibers

Textile engineering: Unit 02

• Molecular architecture, amorphous and crystalline phases, glass transition, plasticization, crystallization, melting, factors affecting Tg and Tm; process of viscose and acetate preparation
• Post spinning operations such as drawing, heat setting, tow-to-top conversion and different texturing methods
• Methods of investigating fibre structure
• Density, X-ray diffraction, birefringence, optical and electron microscopy, IR absorption, thermal methods (DSC, DMA/ TMA, TGA); structure and morphology of man-made fibres, mechanical properties of fibres, moistures absorption in fibers
• Fibre structure and property correlation

Textile engineering: Unit 03

• Principle of yarn formation in ring spinning, rotor spinning, air-jet spinning, wrap spinning, twist less spinning and friction spinning
• Concepts of single and folded yarn twist, Idealized helical yarn structure; yarn count and twist factors, twist contraction; limits of twist
• Idealized packing; measurement of packing density and radial packing density of yarn; packing in actual yarns; specific volume of yarns; equation of yarn diameter
• Ideal migration, tracer fiber technique, characterization of migration behaviour, migration in spun yarns, mechanisms of migration, effect of various parameters on migration behaviour
• Translation of fiber properties into yarn properties; extension of continuous filament yarn for small strains and large strains; extension and breakage of spun yarn, blended yarn structure, structure and property relationship of ring, rotor, air-jet
• Friction spun yarn and their comparison

Textile engineering: Unit 04

• Principles of cheese and cone winding processes; random and precision winding; package faults and their remedies; different sizing systems, sizing of spun and filament yarns, primary and secondary motions of loom, fabric appearance and weaving performance
• Dobby and jacquard shedding; mechanics of weft insertion with shuttle; warp and weft stop motions, warp protection, weft replenishment; functional principles of weft insertion systems of shuttle-less weaving machines
• Principles of multiphase and circular looms
• Principles of weft and warp knitting; basic weft and warp knitted structures
• Classification, production, and areas of application of nonwoven fabrics
• Basic woven fabric constructions and their derivatives; crepe, cord, terry, gauze, leno, and double cloth structures
• Pierce geometrical model, flexible thread model and rigid thread model, square fabric, jammed structure, square and jammed fabric, crimp interchange, maximum possible cover factor
• Yarn cross sections in the fabric, elastical model of plain woven fabrics; thickness, cover and maximum set of woven fabrics
• Concepts of fabric handle and its evaluation

Textile engineering: Unit 05

• Random variable, continuous random variable-normal distribution, discrete random variable-binomial distribution and Poisson's distribution
• Normal approximation to binomial and Poisson distribution
• Sampling techniques, sample size, and sampling errors
• Correlation analysis, significance tests, quality control chart, acceptance of sampling, and analysis of variance
• Measurement of fibre length, fineness, crimp, strength, and reflectance; measurement of cotton fibre maturity and trash content; HVI and AFIS for fibre testing
• Measurement of yarn count, twist and hairiness; tensile testing of fibres, yarn, and fabrics; evenness testing of yarns; testing equipment for measurement test methods of fabric properties like thickness, compressibility, air permeability, drape
• Crease recovery, tear strength, bursting strength, abrasion resistance, cover factor etc
• FAST and Kawabata instruments and systems for objective fabric evaluation
• Methods for determination of wash, light, and rubbing fastness
• Evaluation of fastness properties with the help of grey scale
• Sewability testing, seam strength, seam slippage, seam pucker, needle cutting index

Textile engineering: Unit 06

• Concept of geotextiles: Automotive textiles-textile reinforced composite material, protective clothing, medical textile, filtration textile, sports and recreation textiles, agro textiles, building textiles, packaging textile
• Electronics textiles, their properties, and applications

Textile engineering: Unit 07

• Chemistry and practice of preparatory processes for cotton, wool, and silk
• Mercerization of cotton
• Preparatory processes for nylon, polyester, and acrylic and polyester/ cotton blends

Textile engineering: Unit 08

• Classification of dyes
• Dyeing of cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon, and acrylic with appropriate dye classes
• Dyeing polyester/ cotton and polyester/ wool blends
• Batch wise and continuous dyeing machines
• Dyeing of cotton knitted fabrics and machines used
• Dye fibre interaction
• Introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics of dyeing

Textile engineering: Unit 09

• Styles of printing
• Printing thickeners including synthetic thickeners
• Printing auxiliaries
• Printing of cotton with reactive dyes
• Printing of wool, silk, nylon with acid and metal complex dyes
• Printing of polyester with disperse dyes
• Methods of dye fixation after printing
• Resistand discharge printing of cotton, silk, and polyester
• Printing of polyester/ cotton blends with disperse/ reactive combination
• Transfer printing of polyester
• Developments in inkjet printing

Textile engineering: Unit 10

• Basic criteria for combining pretreatment methods, combined desizing and bleaching, scouring and bleaching, desizing, scouring and bleaching of natural, man-made and blended textiles
• Concept of short liquor processing: Advantages and limitations, short liquor pretreatment and dyeing of various textiles, performance assessment of each method
• Colour fastness criteria of dyed and printed textile
• Methods to determine colour fastness to washing, light, perspiration, sublimation, and chlorine treatment and their grading
• Importance and method of evaluation of wetting agents, optical brighteners, flame retardants, water repellents, and soil release agents
• Development of new continuous and batch machines as well as modified processes
• Specification of water for use in industries and its discharge to public sewage, biodegradation of chemicals
• Measurement of waste water load
• Preventive measures to reduce waste water load

Computer awareness: Unit 01

• Brief history of computers, components of a computer, computer related general knowledge, application of computers, classification of computers, windows

Computer awareness: Unit 02

• Number system with general base, number base conversion, elementary arithmetic operation
• Introduction to algorithm and computer languages