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Value of Electron - Charge & Mass of Electron

Value of Electron - Charge & Mass of Electron

Edited By Team Careers360 | Updated on Jul 02, 2025 04:40 PM IST

Value of electron: Introduction.

After studying cathode rays, J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897. When he first discovered what he called corpuscles, he revolutionised our understanding of how atoms work. As a result of the attraction between opposite electric charge of electrons, electrons are linked to positively charge of electrons nuclei of atoms under normal conditions. On the nucleus of any neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the amount of positive charge of electrons. It's possible, though, for an atom to contain more or fewer electrons than positive charge of electrons, making it negatively or positively charge of electrons overall.

As the electrons circle around the nucleus of an atom, the attraction between electrons and nucleus overrides the repulsion that would otherwise cause electrons to fly apart. Concentric shells of orbitals radiate outward from the nucleus with an increasing number of subshells in each shell electrons in orbitals nearest to the nucleus are held the tightest by the nucleus, whereas those in the outermost orbitals are shielded by intervening electrons and are held loosely by the nucleus.

They generate a diffuse cloud of negative charge of electron as the electrons travel around in this configuration, occupying almost all of the atom's volume as they do. The electrical configuration of an atom refers to the intricate structural arrangement of electrons within an atom. It is the electrical arrangement of an atom that affects not only its size but also its chemical character. According to the periodic table, elements are classified into groups of comparable elements based on their electron structures' similarities.

What is the Value of electrons?

An electron is a subatomic particle with the symbol e. It is polarised negatively. Mass and charge of electron, spin, and other attributes are inherited by an electron. The values of electrons include the charge of electron, mass of electron, and a quantum mechanical feature known as the electron's spin, as well as related units.

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The Electron charge value

The unit elementary negative charge of an electron is

e = 1.60217662 10-19 Coulomb's.

The Electron's Mass of electron

An electron has a mass of electron of 1/1836 that of a proton.

Me = 9.10938356 10--31 kilos is the value of electron mass of electron.

In physics, the charge of electron and mass of electron of electrons are frequently employed to solve certain problems.

Electron charge value of electron in eV

The amount of kinetic energy gained by an electron while accelerating from rest via an electric potential difference of one volt in vacuum is measured in electron volts.

1.6 x 10-12 erg Equals 1 electron volt (eV).

Where 1 erg is 10-7 Joule

As a result, the electron volt equals 1.6 x 10-19 Joule.

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Electron Mass of electron in eV

The mass of of an electron is measured in electron volts (eV) and corresponds to a rest energy of Mev = 0.511 eV.

Value of charge of electron

The property of all free charge of electrons being an intrinsic element of a basic unit of charge of electron represented by e is known as the quantization of electric charge. As a result,

q = ne

gives the charge of electron q of a body.

As a result, the charge of electron on an electron is (e -) and the charge of proton is (+e).

e = 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb or C is the value of the basic unit of elementary charge of electron.

In physics, this is one of the fundamental constants.

If a body has n1 electrons and n2 protons, then the total charge of electron of the body is:

q = n1(-e) + n2 (e) = (n2 - n1) e

Because n1 and n2 are both integers, their difference must be an integer as well.

Charge of electron of one electron

Any charge of electrons body can have a charge of electron of +/- e, +/- 2e, +/- 3e, +/- 4e, and so on, i.e. the possible charge of electron value for one electron is.

We get q = - 1 e = - 1.6 x 10-19 Coulomb from the equation q = ne (with n = 1).

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NCERT Physics Notes:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Describe the electron's properties.

Atoms, which contain protons, neutrons, and electrons, make up all matter. Electrons are subatomic particles, they are incapable of being damaged, and they have three basic characteristics:

  1. They revolve around an axis in the same way that planets do.

  2. An electron has a rest mass of electron or weight of electron of 9.1 x 10 - 31 kg 

  3. Charge of 1 electron: Electrons are negatively charged in nature, with an electric charge of one electron of 1.6 x 10-19 C, the standard unit of charge of one electron for subatomic particles.

2. What happens to an electron's mass of electron when it travels at the speed of light?

Because electrons have a rest the mass of an electron is of 9.1 x 10 - 31, . When an electron begins to move at the speed of light, the speed of the electron (v) equals the speed of light (c). The electron's the mass of an electron is would begin to vary, and these variations would be endless.

3. In grams, write the value of an electron's mass of electron.

In kilograms, an electron has a mass of electron is of 9.1 x 10 - 31 kg. Because 1 kilogram equals 1000 g

As a result, an electron's mass of electron in grams is 9.1 x 10 -28 g.

4. What is the Value of electron?

An electron is a subatomic light particle (smaller than an atom) that carries a single unit of negative electricity, denoted by the letter e. Electrons can be either free (not linked to the atom) or bound to the nucleus. The magnitude of the elementary charge of electron is equal to the charge of electron of the electron (e) The value of  basic unit of charge of electron is 1.6 x 10-19 C when the sign is negative (-e). As a result, electron charge value of electron value (- e) = -1.6 x 10-19 Coulomb.

5. How much mass of electron does a proton have?

The proton is a stable subatomic particle with a positive charge equal to that of an electron and a rest mass of proton is 1.67262 10-27 kg, or 1,836 times the mass of electron of an electron.

6. How was the charge of an electron first measured?
The charge of an electron was first accurately measured by Robert Millikan in his famous oil drop experiment in 1909. He observed the motion of tiny oil droplets in an electric field, allowing him to determine the charge on individual droplets. Through many measurements, he found that the charges were always multiples of a fundamental unit - the charge of an electron.
7. Why is it important to know the precise value of an electron's charge and mass?
Knowing the precise values of an electron's charge and mass is crucial for many reasons:
8. What is the charge of an electron?
The charge of an electron is -1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs. This is a fundamental constant in physics, representing the smallest unit of negative electric charge found in nature. The negative sign indicates that electrons are negatively charged particles.
9. What is the mass of an electron?
The mass of an electron is approximately 9.109 x 10^-31 kilograms. This is an extremely small mass, about 1/1836 the mass of a proton. Despite its tiny mass, the electron plays a crucial role in many physical and chemical processes.
10. How does the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron compare to other particles?
The electron has the highest charge-to-mass ratio of any known particle in nature. This ratio is approximately -1.758 x 10^11 coulombs per kilogram. The high charge-to-mass ratio makes electrons easily deflected by electric and magnetic fields, which is important in many applications, including cathode ray tubes and particle accelerators.
11. Can the charge of an electron be divided into smaller units?
No, the charge of an electron cannot be divided into smaller units in ordinary matter. It represents the smallest unit of electric charge that can exist freely. This property is known as charge quantization. However, in certain exotic states of matter, like quark-gluon plasmas, charges can exist in fractions of the electron's charge.
12. Why is the electron's charge considered negative?
The electron's charge is considered negative by convention. Early scientists arbitrarily assigned the charge on a glass rod rubbed with silk as positive, and the charge on rubber rubbed with fur as negative. Later, it was discovered that the particles (electrons) that move in electric currents have the same charge as the rubbed rubber, hence they were labeled negative.
13. How does the mass of an electron compare to its charge in terms of significance in atomic physics?
Both the mass and charge of an electron are significant in atomic physics, but they play different roles:
14. Can the charge of an electron be neutralized?
The charge of an individual electron cannot be neutralized or changed. However, the net charge of a system can be neutralized by adding an equal number of positive charges (protons) to balance the negative charges of electrons. This is what happens in neutral atoms, where the number of protons in the nucleus equals the number of electrons orbiting it.
15. Why don't electrons in an atom fall into the nucleus despite their negative charge?
Electrons don't fall into the positively charged nucleus due to quantum mechanical effects:
16. How does the electron's charge relate to electric current?
Electric current is the flow of electric charge, typically carried by electrons in conductors:
17. Can the mass of an electron change under any circumstances?
The rest mass of an electron is constant, but its effective mass can change:
18. How does the electron's mass affect its behavior in an electric field?
The electron's mass affects its response to electric fields:
19. What role does the electron's charge play in the photoelectric effect?
The electron's charge is central to the photoelectric effect:
20. How does the ratio of proton mass to electron mass affect atomic structure?
The large ratio of proton mass to electron mass (about 1836:1) significantly affects atomic structure:
21. How does the electron's charge-to-mass ratio affect its behavior in a cathode ray tube?
The electron's high charge-to-mass ratio is crucial in cathode ray tube operation:
22. How does the electron's mass contribute to the concept of effective mass in solid-state physics?
The concept of effective mass in solid-state physics is related to the electron's actual mass:
23. What role does the electron's charge play in the formation of plasma?
The electron's charge is fundamental to plasma formation and behavior:
24. How does the electron's charge contribute to the concept of oxidation states in chemistry?
The electron's charge is central to the concept of oxidation states:
25. What is the relationship between the electron's charge and Coulomb's law?
The electron's charge is intimately connected to Coulomb's law:
26. What would happen if the charge or mass of an electron were slightly different?
If the charge or mass of an electron were slightly different, it would have profound implications for the universe:
27. How do we know that all electrons have exactly the same charge and mass?
We know that all electrons have identical charge and mass through several lines of evidence:
28. How does the concept of quantization apply to electron charge?
Quantization of charge means that electric charge comes in discrete units, with the electron charge being the fundamental unit. This implies:
29. How does the electron's charge contribute to chemical bonding?
The electron's charge is crucial for chemical bonding:
30. What is the significance of the electron's charge in semiconductor physics?
The electron's charge is fundamental to semiconductor physics:
31. What is the relationship between the electron's charge and the elementary charge?
The electron's charge is identical to the elementary charge:
32. What is the significance of the electron's charge in electrolysis?
The electron's charge plays a crucial role in electrolysis:

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