Amoeba - Structure & Classification
Edited By Irshad Anwar | Updated on Jul 02, 2025 05:14 PM IST
Amoebas are small, single-celled creatures, which change shape and handle environments. Their internal structure is made up of parts such as the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane. Relating to amoebas would be an integral part of entrance exams like NEET and JEE due to some possible questions that may refer to the brain-eating amoeba, how they gain food, and how they reproduce in the form of binary fission. This topic usually appears in chapters on cell biology or microbiology, particularly within the Kingdom Protista of Biology. Learning about amoebas is important for entrance exams like NEET and JEE, where topics such as the What is an amoeba, brain-eating amoeba (Naegleria fowleri), nutrition in amoeba, and binary fission in amoeba are frequently covered. A simple amoeba diagram can help illustrate these concepts.
This Story also Contains
- What is Amoeba?
- Structure of Amoeba
- Amoeba Classification
- Reproduction in Amoeba
- How Does Amoeba Obtain Its Food?
- Tips, Tricks, and Strategies to Prepare for Amoeba
What is Amoeba?
Scientists often ask, what is amoeba, to highlight its role as a basic form of life that plays a crucial part in various ecosystems. Amoeba is defined as a unicellular organism that can only be seen by a microscope and not by the naked eye. It is usually eukaryotic, meaning that it is a true organism that possesses true organelles and a nuclear envelope. It moves with the help of false feet called pseudopodia, and it is defined as the cytoplasm pushing off the cell membrane. The amoeba's main characteristic is its ability to change shape.
The brain-eating amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, is known for its ability to cause a rare and often fatal infection in humans called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).
Structure of Amoeba
- Movement in the amoeba occurs through false feet called pseudopodia, so it changes its shape.
- The structure of amoebas is differentiated into three parts: cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and nucleus.
- The cytoplasm of the amoeba is differentiated into two layers that are named as outer ectoplasm and inner endoplasm.
- The plasma membrane of an amoeba is usually very thin, and it is a double-layered membrane that is made up of protein and lipid molecules.
- When we talk about other cellular organelles, it contains contractile vacuoles, mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus, and some of the fat globules.
- The contractile vacuole is used to maintain the osmotic equilibrium by separating out most of the water from the cell.
The size of an amoeba
Amoeba usually differs in both size and shape. When the earliest animals were identified, they were approximately 400 to 600 micrometres in size. Many sizes of amoeba are extremely small, 2-3 nanometers in size and as well as exceptionally large such as 20 cm amoeba. The body is generally transparent, and it looks normally like gelatin.
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Know MoreAmoeba Classification
All the discussion of the amoeba and which domain and phylum it belongs to is defined here:
- Domain: Eukaryota (true cells)
- Kingdom: Amoebozoa
- Phylum: Tubulinea
- Order: Tubulinida
- Family: Amoebidae
- Genus: Amoeba
- Species: many different species, such as Proteus and Animacule.
Nowadays, studies have been focusing on classifying the amoeba based on the subunit present in its ribosomal RNA. Sarcodina is the most preferable and most accepted taxonomic group that belongs to the classification of the amoeba cell. It is classified based on its observable characteristics.
Reproduction in Amoeba
Binary fission:
- As one observes the microorganisms, one may wonder what an amoeba is and find out later on that it reproduces asexually through a method called binary fission.
- Binary fission in amoeba is a type of asexual reproduction where a parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells. In binary fission in amoeba, the organism first duplicates its genetic content prior to elongation of the cell and splitting down its middle.
- In amoeba, a binary fission is relatively fast. In ideal conditions, a full cycle usually takes under half an hour.
- It is of great importance to understand the process of binary fission of amoebas for a better appreciation of how such microorganisms multiply and maintain populations under varied types of environments.
- In binary fission in amoeba after karyokinesis has divided the nucleus, cytokinesis separates the cytoplasm into two cells that eventually can develop into an independent living organism.
Spore formation:
When there are unfavourable conditions, the amoeba divides with the help of spore formation. It starts to break its nuclear membrane, and some of the chromatin blocks get released into the cytoplasm. Each chromatin block now gets inside a nuclear membrane and becomes a small daughter nucleus.
How Does Amoeba Obtain Its Food?
- The question of how an amoeba obtains its food is taken care of through a simple explanation: It just forms a food vacuole when it catches the food using its pseudopodia.
- When interpreting how an amoeba acquires its food, such steps as ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion need to take place within the organism.
- The process through which an amoeba gets its food is through the creation of a food vacuole after the cell engulfs the available nutrient that the organism finds in its surroundings.
- To come up with an answer for how an amoeba gets its food, first of all, it should be mentioned that the whole process of that mechanism occurs without specific organs as well but rather takes place due to the highly flexible nature of body structure of an amoeba.
Mode of Nutrition
Generally, there are five stages in the mode of nutrition:
Process | Description |
|---|---|
Ingestion | - To describe the process of nutrition in an amoeba, we begin with ingestion, where, by the method of phagocytosis, the amoeba uses its pseudopodia to surround and engulf food particles. - This is the most common method adopted by the amoeba to incorporate food into its body through the engulfing of material. - This technique is known as ingestion. - The process of engulfing food around itself is done using pseudopodia, and this is termed phagocytosis. |
Digestion | - The next step in the process of nutrition in amoeba entails digestion, which is the process in which food in the food vacuole is broken down by enzymes into simpler molecules that can be absorbed. - In this step, used and insoluble food particles are transformed into smaller particles, and this process is referred to as digestion. - Lysosomes help facilitate the breakdown of food material. |
Absorption | - To explain the concept of nutrition in amoeba, we must clarify that absorption occurs when the digested nutrients diffuse into the cytoplasm of the amoeba. - After digestion, food supplements are absorbed, while undigested particles are left behind. - This process is termed absorption. |
Assimilation | - While explaining nutrition in amoeba, we need to include another process: assimilation, in which absorbed nutrients are used to generate energy and support growth. - This is the process through which the amoeba derives energy from the food it consumes. |
Egestion | - Lastly, to fully elaborate on the nutrition process in an amoeba, we describe egestion as the removal of undigested food by rupturing the cell membrane to expel waste materials produced during digestion. - This is how the amoeba eliminates undigested food. - To answer how an amoeba obtains its food, it is important to note that the entire process occurs without specialized organs but relies on the flexible body structure of the amoeba. - Research scientists often explore how an amoeba obtains its food to illustrate how the organism feeds differently through holozoic nutrition, meaning it swallows solid food. |
How To Be Safe From Brain Eating Amoeba?
- Warm freshwater lakes, for instance, can expose one to amoebas that feed on the brain. Amoebas may gain entry into one's body through the nostrils, and this would mean passage into a serious health condition.
- Public health personnel warn that the amoeba thrives under unkept swimming pools and hot tubs. Then, safety measures at water during the summer months are key.
- It was researching this particular amoeba that opened the window to the survival capabilities of the brain eating amoeba under intense heat, providing a good explanation for the reason it is found frequently in warm waters.
- While the name "brain-eating amoeba" certainly sounds ominous, it is worth noting that infections are incredibly rare and tend to occur under special conditions.
Tips, Tricks, and Strategies to Prepare for Amoeba
Strategy | Description |
|---|---|
Understand Key Concepts | Focus on the structure, nutrition, and reproduction of amoebas. |
Practice with Diagrams | Draw and label diagrams of amoebas to reinforce learning. |
Use Mnemonics | Create mnemonics to remember key terms: |
- Pseudopodia: "Pseudopods Push Food" | |
- Nutrition Process: "I Eat Really Good Food" | |
- Binary Fission: "Bacteria Multiply Fast" | |
- Brain-Eating Amoeba: "Naegleria's Nasty Niche" |
Additional Mnemonics for Effective Study
- Essential Amino Acids: "Any Help In Learning These Little Molecules Proves Truly Valuable"
- Arginine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Threonine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Valine.
- Taxonomic Rank: "Do Kindly Put Cover On Fresh Green Spinach"
- Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
- Phases of Mitosis: "I Prefer Milk And Tea"
- Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase.
- Types of WBC (White Blood Cells): "Never Let Momma Eat Beans"
- Neutrophils (60%), Lymphocytes (30%), Monocytes (6%), Eosinophils (3%), Basophils (1%).
Weightage of Amoeba in Different Entrance Exam
The questions are asked on structre of amoeba, Binary Fission, Nutrition in Amoeba, and Brain-Eating Amoeba in different examinations such as, NEET, JEE, AIIMS Exams, UPSC, SSC CGL, NDA, ICAR AIEEA.
What is amoeba is a question that leads to discussions about its classification under the Kingdom Protista and its significance in microbiology.
Also read:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Do amoeba possess the capacity for regeneration?
Regeneration is defined as the process by which the organism develops its lost part again. Yes , amoeba has the capacity for regeneration. when amoeba is cut down into two pieces then it regenerates its lost part?
2. Is an amoeba a mortal or immortal cell?
Amoeba is considered to be an immortal cell, despite having a lifespan of only 2 days. The reason behind this is that it produces two daughter cells that are exact replicas of the amoeba.
3. What are some of the benefits of amoebas to the environment?
Amoeba plays a great role in maintaining the environment.
It helps to regulate the amount of algae by feeding on them.
It helps in regulating the amount of bacteria, which causes the disbalance of algae.
It helps to clean the environment and balance the environment.
4. Amoeba considered a unicellular or multicellular organism?
An amoeba is considered to be a unicellular organism as it is made up of one type of cell.
5. What is the composition of the cytoplasm of an amoeba?
The cytoplasm of an amoeba is usually differentiated as a thin and stiff plasma membrane, and inside the plasma membrane there is an ectoplasm. The inner one is the granular endoplasm.
6. Is Amoeba Harmful to Humans?
Yes, certain types of amoebas can be harmful to humans. The most notorious among them is Naegleria fowleri, commonly known as the brain-eating amoeba. This organism can cause a severe and often fatal infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) when contaminated water enters the body through the nose. While infections are rare, they are frequently fatal, with only a few documented survivors. Other pathogenic amoebas, such as Entamoeba histolytica, can cause amoebic dysentery, leading to gastrointestinal issues.
7. What Bacteria is Amoeba?
Amoebas are not bacteria; they are single-celled eukaryotic organisms classified under the Kingdom Protista. However, some amoebas can interact with bacteria in various ways. For instance, certain amoebas feed on bacteria as part of their diet, while others may act as hosts for pathogenic bacteria. Notably, Acanthamoeba species can harbor bacteria like Legionella, which can be harmful to humans. Thus, while amoebas themselves are not bacteria, their interactions with them can have significant implications for health.
8. How do amoebae survive in extreme environments?
Amoebae can survive in extreme environments through various adaptations. Many species can form resistant cysts to withstand harsh conditions. Some amoebae have evolved to tolerate high temperatures, high salinity, or low pH. Certain species can even survive in anaerobic environments by modifying their metabolism.
9. What is the role of the cell membrane in amoeba's osmotic regulation?
The cell membrane plays a crucial role in amoeba's osmotic regulation by controlling the movement of water and solutes in and out of the cell. It is selectively permeable, allowing water to pass through while regulating the passage of ions and other molecules. This selective permeability, combined with the action of the contractile vacuole, helps maintain the cell's internal environment.
10. How does amoeba's method of locomotion compare to that of other protozoans?
Amoeba's locomotion using pseudopodia (amoeboid movement) differs from other protozoans. For example, paramecium uses cilia, euglena uses a flagellum, and Stentor uses a combination of cilia and contractile fibers. Amoeboid movement allows for more flexibility in direction and shape change compared to the more directed movement of ciliated or flagellated protozoans.
11. How does the process of conjugation differ from binary fission in amoeba?
Conjugation is a form of sexual reproduction where two amoebae temporarily join and exchange genetic material before separating. Binary fission, on the other hand, is asexual reproduction where a single amoeba divides into two identical daughter cells. Conjugation increases genetic diversity, while binary fission produces clones.
12. What is the role of mitochondria in amoeba?
Mitochondria in amoeba, as in other eukaryotic cells, are responsible for cellular respiration. They break down glucose and other organic molecules to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. This energy is crucial for all cellular activities, including movement, feeding, and reproduction.
13. Why is amoeba classified as a protozoan?
Amoeba is classified as a protozoan because it is a single-celled eukaryotic organism that can move and feed on other microorganisms or organic matter. Protozoans are part of the kingdom Protista and are characterized by their ability to move and lack of cell walls.
14. How does the classification of amoeba reflect its evolutionary history?
The classification of amoeba reflects its evolutionary history as an early eukaryotic organism. Its placement in the kingdom Protista indicates its position between prokaryotes and more complex eukaryotes. The amoeba's simple structure and diverse adaptations provide insights into the evolution of cellular organization and functions.
15. What is the difference between a free-living amoeba and a parasitic amoeba?
Free-living amoebae live independently in water or soil, feeding on microorganisms and organic matter. Parasitic amoebae, such as Entamoeba histolytica, live within a host organism and derive nutrients from it, often causing disease. Parasitic amoebae have evolved specific adaptations to survive in host environments and evade immune responses.
16. What is the significance of the amoeba's genome?
The amoeba's genome is significant for understanding eukaryotic evolution and cellular biology. Despite being single-celled, many amoebae have large and complex genomes, often larger than those of multicellular organisms. This genomic complexity provides insights into the evolution of gene regulation, cellular processes, and the transition to multicellularity.
17. What is the significance of amoeba's lack of specialized organelles?
The lack of specialized organelles in amoeba demonstrates the ability of a single cell to perform all life functions without complex structures. This simplicity allows for flexibility in shape and function, enabling amoeba to adapt to various environments and highlighting the fundamental capabilities of eukaryotic cells.
18. How does an amoeba feed?
Amoebae feed through phagocytosis. They engulf food particles by extending their pseudopodia around the prey, forming a food vacuole. Digestive enzymes are then released into the vacuole to break down the food, and nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm.
19. What is the role of the food vacuole in amoeba?
The food vacuole in amoeba is a temporary structure formed when the cell engulfs food particles through phagocytosis. It serves as a digestive compartment where enzymes break down the food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the cell for energy and growth.
20. How does amoeba respond to environmental stimuli?
Amoeba responds to environmental stimuli through a process called taxis. It can move towards or away from various stimuli such as light (phototaxis), chemicals (chemotaxis), and physical contact (thigmotaxis). These responses help the amoeba find food, avoid predators, and navigate its environment.
21. What is the role of the cytoplasm in amoeba?
The cytoplasm in amoeba serves multiple functions: it provides a medium for cellular organelles, facilitates the movement of substances within the cell, participates in cellular movement through cytoplasmic streaming, and contains enzymes for various metabolic processes.
22. How does the size of an amoeba affect its cellular processes?
The size of an amoeba affects its cellular processes due to the surface area-to-volume ratio. As an amoeba grows larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area, which can limit the efficiency of processes like gas exchange, nutrient uptake, and waste removal. This constraint is one reason why amoebae remain relatively small.
23. How do amoebae interact with other microorganisms in their environment?
Amoebae interact with other microorganisms in various ways. They prey on bacteria and other small protists, helping to control their populations. Some amoebae form symbiotic relationships with algae or bacteria. Certain amoebae can also act as hosts for pathogenic bacteria, protecting them from environmental stresses.
24. What is the significance of amoeba's ability to change shape?
The amoeba's ability to change shape is crucial for its survival. This flexibility allows it to move, capture food, avoid predators, and adapt to changing environmental conditions. It also enables the amoeba to squeeze through small spaces and form protective cysts when necessary.
25. What adaptations allow some amoebae to be successful parasites?
Parasitic amoebae have several adaptations for their lifestyle. These include the ability to adhere to host tissues, secrete enzymes to break down host cells, evade or suppress the host's immune response, and form cysts to survive outside the host. Some parasitic amoebae can also alter their metabolism to thrive in low-oxygen environments within the host.
26. How does the process of encystment protect amoeba?
Encystment protects amoeba by forming a tough, resistant outer covering around the cell. This cyst wall shields the amoeba from harsh environmental conditions such as extreme temperatures, desiccation, and chemical stressors. It also allows the amoeba to survive when food is scarce or during dispersal to new habitats.
27. How does amoeba protect itself from predators?
Amoeba protects itself from predators primarily through avoidance. It can detect chemical signals from predators and move away using its pseudopodia. Some species can also form protective cysts or secrete toxins. Additionally, their ability to change shape and squeeze into small spaces helps them evade larger predators.
28. How do environmental factors affect amoeba's behavior and life cycle?
Environmental factors greatly influence amoeba's behavior and life cycle. Temperature affects their metabolic rate and reproduction speed. Nutrient availability impacts their growth and division rate. pH and osmotic pressure can trigger cyst formation. Light and chemical gradients influence their movement and feeding patterns.
29. How do amoebae communicate or interact with each other?
Amoebae primarily communicate through chemical signals. They can release and detect various molecules that influence the behavior of other amoebae. These chemical cues can attract mates during sexual reproduction, warn of danger, or indicate food sources. Some species also exhibit collective behaviors in response to these signals.
30. How does amoeba reproduce?
Amoeba primarily reproduces asexually through binary fission. In this process, the nucleus divides first (mitosis), followed by the division of the cytoplasm (cytokinesis), resulting in two identical daughter cells. Some species of amoeba can also undergo multiple fission or sexual reproduction under certain conditions.
31. What is the function of the nucleus in amoeba?
The nucleus in amoeba controls all cellular activities and contains the genetic material (DNA). It regulates cell division, protein synthesis, and other metabolic processes. The nucleus also plays a crucial role in reproduction during binary fission.
32. How does amoeba exchange gases with its environment?
Amoeba exchanges gases through simple diffusion across its cell membrane. Oxygen from the surrounding water diffuses into the cell, while carbon dioxide produced by cellular respiration diffuses out. The large surface area-to-volume ratio of the amoeba facilitates efficient gas exchange.
33. What is the function of the contractile vacuole in amoeba?
The contractile vacuole in amoeba is responsible for osmoregulation. It collects excess water from the cytoplasm and expels it out of the cell, preventing the amoeba from bursting due to osmotic pressure in freshwater environments.
34. What is the difference between exocytosis and egestion in amoeba?
Exocytosis in amoeba refers to the process of expelling waste products or secretions through membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane. Egestion, on the other hand, is the expulsion of undigested food particles through the cell membrane without using vesicles.
35. What is the difference between an amoeba and a paramecium?
While both are single-celled protozoans, amoeba and paramecium differ in several ways. Amoeba has an irregular, changing shape and moves using pseudopodia, while paramecium has a fixed, slipper-like shape and moves using cilia. Paramecium also has a more complex structure, including a defined oral groove for feeding.
36. How does amoeba maintain osmotic balance in freshwater environments?
Amoeba maintains osmotic balance in freshwater environments through the action of its contractile vacuole. As water continuously enters the cell by osmosis, the contractile vacuole collects excess water and periodically expels it, preventing the cell from swelling and bursting.
37. What is the role of the endoplasm and ectoplasm in amoeba?
In amoeba, the endoplasm is the inner, more fluid part of the cytoplasm that contains the cell organelles and is involved in cellular metabolism. The ectoplasm is the outer, more gel-like layer of cytoplasm that is responsible for forming pseudopodia and is involved in cellular movement and shape changes.
38. How does amoeba digest complex molecules like proteins and carbohydrates?
Amoeba digests complex molecules through enzymatic breakdown in food vacuoles. After engulfing food, lysosomes fuse with the food vacuole, releasing hydrolytic enzymes. These enzymes break down proteins into amino acids, carbohydrates into simple sugars, and lipids into fatty acids and glycerol, which can then be absorbed by the cell.
39. What is the ecological role of amoebae in aquatic ecosystems?
Amoebae play important ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems. They are part of the microbial food web, consuming bacteria and other microorganisms, thus helping to regulate bacterial populations. They also serve as food for larger organisms and participate in nutrient cycling by breaking down organic matter.
40. What is an amoeba?
An amoeba is a single-celled organism belonging to the kingdom Protista. It is characterized by its ability to change shape and move using pseudopodia, which are temporary extensions of its cell membrane and cytoplasm.
41. How does an amoeba move?
Amoebae move using a process called amoeboid movement. They extend temporary projections called pseudopodia (false feet) by flowing their cytoplasm into these extensions. As the pseudopodia attach to a surface, the rest of the cell's contents flow forward, allowing the amoeba to crawl along.
42. How does amoeba maintain its shape without a cell wall?
Amoeba maintains its shape through the presence of a flexible cell membrane and a gel-like cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton, composed of microfilaments and microtubules, provides structural support and allows the amoeba to change shape while maintaining cellular integrity.
43. What is the function of the plasma membrane in amoeba?
The plasma membrane in amoeba serves multiple functions: it acts as a selective barrier controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell, provides protection, maintains cell shape, and allows for cellular movement through the formation of pseudopodia.
44. What is the significance of the amoeba's ability to form cysts?
Amoeba can form protective cysts when environmental conditions become unfavorable, such as during drought or extreme temperatures. The cyst allows the amoeba to survive in a dormant state until conditions improve, ensuring the species' survival in harsh environments.
45. How do amoebae contribute to soil health?
Amoebae in soil contribute to its health by regulating bacterial populations, participating in nutrient cycling, and improving soil structure. They consume bacteria and release excess nutrients, making them available to plants. Their movement through soil pores also helps aerate the soil and distribute microorganisms and organic matter.
46. What is the importance of vacuoles in amoeba?
Vacuoles play several important roles in amoeba. Food vacuoles are crucial for digestion, contractile vacuoles regulate osmotic pressure, and water vacuoles store water. Some vacuoles also store waste products or excess nutrients. The dynamic nature of vacuoles allows amoeba to adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions.
47. How do amoebae contribute to the carbon cycle?
Amoebae contribute to the carbon cycle as both consumers and decomposers. They consume organic carbon by feeding on bacteria and other microorganisms, and they release carbon dioxide through respiration. When amoebae die, their bodies decompose, releasing organic carbon back into the environment, which can be used by other organisms.
48. What is the significance of amoeba's lack of a fixed body shape?
The lack of a fixed body shape is significant for amoeba's survival and function. It allows for flexibility in movement, enabling the amoeba to navigate through varied environments and capture food of different sizes. This plasticity also facilitates phagocytosis, helps in avoiding predators, and allows the amoeba to adapt quickly to changing conditions.
49. What is the role of the cytoskeleton in amoeba?
The cytoskeleton in amoeba plays crucial roles in cellular organization and movement. It consists of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. These structures provide mechanical support, facilitate intracellular transport, and enable the formation and movement of pseudopodia. The cytoskeleton also helps in the process of cell division.
50. How does amoeba's method of feeding impact its ecological relationships?
Amoeba's method of feeding through phagocytosis impacts its ecological relationships by placing it as a primary consumer of bacteria and other microorganisms. This helps regulate microbial populations and influences nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Amoebae also serve as food for larger organisms, forming an important link in aquatic and soil food webs.
51. What is the significance of amoeba in the study of cell biology?
Amoeba is significant in cell biology studies due to its simplicity and ease of observation. It serves as a model organism for understanding basic cellular processes like movement, feeding, and division in eukaryotic cells. Amoeba research has contributed to our knowledge of cytoplasmic streaming, membrane dynamics, and cellular adaptations.
52. How do amoebae respond to changes in their environment?
Amoebae respond to environmental changes through various mechanisms. They can alter their movement patterns, change their feeding behavior, modify their metabolic rates, or form protective cysts. Some species can also produce heat shock proteins or antioxidants to cope with stress. These responses allow amoebae to adapt to a wide range of habitats.
53. What is the importance of surface area to volume ratio in amoeba?
The surface area to volume ratio is crucial for amoeba's survival. A high ratio allows for efficient exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes with the environment. As amoebae grow, they must maintain this ratio to ensure all parts of the cell can be adequately supplied. This constraint influences the size limit of amoebae and their need for specialized structures like contractile vacuoles.
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Correct Answer: Entamoeba
Solution : The correct answer is Entamoeba.
A parasitic intestinal infection known as amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery is brought on by any member of the Entamoeba genus of amoebas. It could show up with no symptoms at all or with dysentery, diarrhoea, or abdominal pain.
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