Atomic Mass of Elements - Overview, Examples, Comparison, FAQs

Atomic Mass of Elements - Overview, Examples, Comparison, FAQs

Edited By Team Careers360 | Updated on Nov 12, 2024 12:02 PM IST

The atomic mass of an element can be measured by the unification of atomic mass units. Considering that a carbon-12 atom is at rest, one unified unit of atomic mass equates to one-twelfth of its mass. The atomic mass of a given element is almost equal to its mass number since protons and neutrons are responsible for the majority of its mass.

This Story also Contains
  1. Why do elements have different atomic masses?
  2. The atomic mass of first 20 elements to 30 elements
  3. Atomic mass of an element compared with its atomic number

The atomic mass of an element can be used in chemistry if the atomic mass of an element is combined with the idea of a mole: one mole of an element has a mass in grams equal to its atomic mass of elements in amu. One mole of iron atoms weighs 55.847 grams due to its atomic mass of elements of 55.847 amu. Ionic compounds and molecules can be treated in the same way.

Why do elements have different atomic masses?

Elements are described by their atomic mass. An atom's mass is the combined mass of all its protons. The unit is known as the unified atomic mass unit and is represented by 'u'.

As a measure of the average atomic mass of a mixture of isotopes in a given sample of an element, standard atomic atomic weight is used. Each element has different set of protons and neutrons in its nucleus, hence different atomic masses are observed. Below is the modern periodic table of elements depicting atomic number and atomic mass of the elements.

Apart from atomic mass, trends for various other physical quantities such as ionisation enthalpy, electronegativity etc. can be analysed from the modern periodic table.

Periodic Table of the Element

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The atomic mass of first 20 elements to 30 elements

The following table contains a list of the atomic mass of first 30 elements ordered by atomic number and atomic mass.

Atomic Number

Element

Atomic Mass

1

Atomic Mass of Hydrogen

1.008

2

Atomic Mass of Helium

4.0026

3

Lithium Atomic Mass

6.94

4

Atomic Mass of Beryllium

9.0122

5

Boron Atomic Mass

10.81

6

Atomic Mass of Carbon

12.011

7

Atomic Mass of Nitrogen

14.007

8

Atomic Mass of Oxygen

15.999

9

Atomic Mass of Fluorine

18.998

10

Atomic Mass of Neon

20.180

11

Atomic Mass of Sodium

22.990

12

Atomic Mass of Magnesium

24.305

13

Atomic Mass of Aluminium

26.982

14

Atomic Mass of Silicon

28.085

15

Atomic Mass of Phosphorus

30.974

16

Atomic Mass of Sulphur

32.06

17

Atomic Mass of Chlorine

35.45

18

Atomic Mass of Argon

39.948

19

Atomic Mass of Potassium

39.098

20

Atomic Mass of Calcium

40.078

21

Atomic Mass of Scandium

44.956

22

Atomic Mass of Titanium

47.867

23

Atomic Mass of Vanadium

50.942

24

Atomic Mass of Chromium

51.996

25

Atomic Mass of Manganese

54.938

26

Atomic Mass of Iron

55.845

27

Atomic Mass of Cobalt

58.933

28

Atomic Mass of Nickel

58.693

29

Atomic Mass of Copper

63.546

30

Atomic Mass of Zinc

65.38

The above table shows the atomic mass of all elements or atomic number of elements from 1 to 30. Such details can help in knowing the various physical quantities of elements.

To calculate a molecule's molecular mass, add the mass of each of its constituent atoms. There are several methods of finding the atomic mass of an element, but the simplest is to look it up on the periodic table.

Atomic mass of an element compared with its atomic number

Learn how elements differ from one another in terms of their atomic number and atomic mass now.

Atomic mass

Atomic Number

An element's atomic mass is proportional to the number of neutrons and protons that make up its nucleus.

Essentially, the nuclear number is the number of protons within the nucleus of a given element.

A particular element's average atomic weight is referred to as its average.

The number of nucleons present in an atom's nucleus is the number of nucleons in total.

The letter A is used for representing the atomic mass.

Atomic number Z is represented by the letter Z.

Element types cannot be determined by atomic mass.

A chemical element can usually be classified and identified by its atomic number.

Different isotopes of an element are classified according to their atomic masses

An element's atomic number is the same only for its isotopes.

The atomic mass unit (AMU) is always used to measure atomic mass.

For elements to be placed in a periodic table, the atomic number is simply a digit.




Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is atomic mass?

Atomic mass is the mass of an atom, typically expressed in atomic mass units (amu), and it represents the average mass of all isotopes of an element, weighted by their natural abundance.


2. How is atomic mass calculated?

Atomic mass is calculated by taking the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element, based on their relative abundance.


 

3. Why is the atomic mass not a whole number?

Atomic mass is not a whole number because it is an average of the masses of different isotopes, which have slightly different masses, and the natural abundances of these isotopes vary.


4. What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic number?

Atomic mass refers to the mass of an atom, while atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, determining its element identity.


5. Which element has the highest atomic mass?

The element with the highest atomic mass is Oganesson (Og), with an atomic mass of around 294 amu.

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