Correct Answer: The doctor said to me, "Why have you disturbed me at this late hour?"

Solution : The fourth option is the correct choice.

The given sentence is an indirect speech, and we need to convert it into a direct speech.
The steps of conversion are as follows:

• The reported verb "asked" changes to "said to" in direct speech.
• The pronoun "I" (first-person pronoun) changes to "you" (second-person pronoun).
• If the indirect speech is in the past perfect tense, then we have to change it into the present perfect tense; therefore, (had + past participle form of the verb) changes to (have + past participle form of the verb).
• The assertive sentence changes to an interrogative sentence, starting with why as the introductive expression.
• The demonstrative pronoun "that" is changed to "this" in direct speech.

Therefore, the correct answer is: The doctor said to me, "Why have you disturbed me at this late hour?"

Correct Answer: Ownership in the company
   

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Ownership in the company

Equity shares represent ownership or equity ownership in a company. Shareholders who hold equity shares have ownership rights in the company, which typically includes voting rights, the right to share in the company's profits (through dividends), and the right to participate in decision-making processes related to the company's operations and policies. Unlike debt securities (e.g., debentures), equity shares do not guarantee fixed interest payments or redemption; instead, the dividend payments to equity shareholders are variable and based on the company's profitability and the decisions of the company's board of directors.

Correct Answer: EKAM

Solution : The correct answer is EKAM.

The "EKAM Fest", a week-long Exhibition-cum-Fair organized by the National Handicapped Finance Development Corporation (NHFDC) under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, has commenced in New Delhi. Over 82 individuals with disabilities from 17 States/UTs are showcasing their products. The fest aims to promote entrepreneurship, knowledge and awareness among the disabled community while providing a significant marketing platform for their products.

Correct Answer: No dilution of ownership
   

Solution : The correct answer is (a) No dilution of ownership

Retained earnings refer to the portion of a company's profits that are retained and reinvested in the business rather than distributed to shareholders as dividends. By utilizing retained earnings, a company can avoid dilution of ownership because it does not have to issue additional shares to raise funds. This allows the existing shareholders to maintain their ownership stakes in the company without the need for external financing or bringing in new shareholders.

Correct Answer: Ministry of Finance

Solution : The correct answer is the Ministry of Finance

A government uses fiscal policy to monitor a country's economy by adjusting its tax and expenditure rates. The Union Ministry of Finance is responsible for creating it. Fiscal policy governs the decisions made by the government on taxes and spending. Money supply and interest rates are two topics covered by the monetary policy. The Ministry of Finance in India developed the country's proposed annual budget.

Correct Answer: Both enable companies to raise funds in international markets

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Both enable companies to raise funds in international markets

GDRs and ADRs are both financial instruments that enable companies to raise funds in international markets by issuing depositary receipts. GDRs are issued and traded outside the United States, while ADRs are specifically issued and traded in the United States. They allow companies to tap into a larger pool of investors and access capital from international markets without directly listing their shares on foreign stock exchanges. These instruments represent claims to shares in the issuing company and facilitate investment from investors in different regions around the world.

Correct Answer: Debentures

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Debentures

Debentures are long-term debt instruments issued by companies to raise funds from the public or institutional investors. Holders of debentures are creditors of the company and are promised a fixed rate of interest and repayment of the principal amount at maturity. Unlike equity shares, debenture holders do not have ownership rights in the company.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false.
   

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is true. The need for business finance often arises due to various risks and uncertainties associated with business activities. Risks such as market fluctuations, economic changes, competition, regulatory changes, and more can impact a business's financial stability and necessitate financial planning and management to mitigate these risks.

Statement 2 is false. Financial planning aims to manage and mitigate risks but does not eliminate all uncertainties in business operations. While it helps in forecasting, budgeting, and strategizing to minimize risks, it cannot completely eliminate uncertainties, as the business environment is dynamic and subject to various unpredictable factors.

Correct Answer: The Appropriation Bill

Solution : The correct answer is The Appropriation Bill.

The Union Finance Minister presented the Appropriation (No.5) Bill 2022 and Appropriation (No.4) Bill 2022 in the Rajya Sabha. These bills authorize the allocation and withdrawal of additional funds from the Consolidated Fund of India to meet expenses for the financial year 2022-2023. The Appropriation Bill empowers the government to access funds from the Consolidated Fund, ensuring necessary financial provisions for the designated services during the specified fiscal year.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.

Solution : In the capital market transactions are made in the long term securities. It is the nature of the capital market to satisfy the long term financial needs of the Government and industrial sector. It is the nature of the capital market to established the balance between the supply and demand side. The capital market helps capital formation. The increase in the investments in the country is called capital formation. The chief function of the capital market is to provide a platform for the sale and purchase of securities.

Hence, option C is correct.