What are the Trends of Ionization Enthalpy in the Periodic Table?
Answer (1)
Ionization Enthalpy (IE): The energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from a gaseous atom.
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Across a period (left → right):
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Increases
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Due to increased effective nuclear charge, stronger hold on electrons.
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Down a group (top → bottom):
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Decreases
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Due to the increase in atomic size and shielding effect, it is easier to remove electrons.
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Exceptions:
Be > B and N > O due to stable electronic configurations (fully filled or half-filled orbitals).
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