What is Hund's Rule of Maximum Multiplicity?
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Hund's Rule states that for a given subshell (orbitals of equal energy or degenerate orbitals, like the three p-orbitals or five d-orbitals), electrons will first occupy all the orbitals individually with parallel spins (same spin direction) before any orbital is doubly occupied (paired up). This maximizes the total spin multiplicity and leads to a more stable configuration.
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