MIT is a world renowned institute that is massively famous for their excellent technical education. They are very selective with their admission and the students they admit. In order to get admission into MIT, you have to write SATs which is the standardized test containing sections of Mathematics, Science and English. There is an essay section as well which can make or break your chances.
Universities like Stanford University and Harvard University are not part of MIT. They do have the same admission procedures though. It's also important to focus on extra curricular activities and your life beyond the classrooms. The more active and diverse your profile is, the better your chances are. So, focus a lot on projects, creative activities, sports( if that's your thing).
Cambridge University is a British institute so admission procedures are different. Students require grades of A1 or higher in relevant subjects in 12th class if you are a CBSE board student. For state board students, the criteria is 95% or higher in relevant subjects. In addition to this, performance in College Board Advanced Placement Tests, achieving grades of 5 in five or more AP tests.
Performance in IIT-JEE(Advanced) is considered for admission into Chemical engineering, Engineering and Natural Sciences.
Hope this helped.

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