What is Civil Law
Civil law is one of the most significant branches of law for all citizens. It assists in the settlement of different non-criminal conflicts by the use of standard processes, a set of rules, regulations, and judicial precedents. The conflict might range from personal to family and then to corporate. Civil law governs private disputes between persons by providing compensation or other sufficient recourse for violations of their civil or private rights.
Civil law is studied as a subject in courses like BA LLB, BBA LLB, and B.Com LLB. Civil law is studied as a specialisation under the LLM course. Civil laws will increase in power with global economic activity and the growth of international and supranational legal institutions. Civil lawyers are in huge demand and have a great scope for reaching heights in their careers with wisdom and expertise. The following article describes every detail of the civil law course along with the course fees, availability of jobs, and expected salaries. With the course fees, availability of jobs and expected salaries.
Civil Law Course Highlights:
Particulars | Values |
---|---|
Branch Name | Civil Law |
Degree | LLB and LLM |
Duration | LLB(3 years) LLM (2 years) |
Eligibility | LLB( Graduate with 50 percent of aggregate marks from recognised board) |
LLM(Bachelor of Law Degree with 50 percent of aggregate marks) | |
Admission Process | LLB( Entrance exams like CLAT, TS LAWCET, LSAT) |
LLM (Entrance exams like AILET, IPU CET, BHU UET) | |
Top Entrance Exams | |
Course Fees | LLB( Rs 50,000 to Rs 2,50,000) |
LLM(Rs 1,00,000 to Rs 3,00,000 ) | |
Semesters | LLB( 6 semesters) |
LLM( 4 semesters) | |
Career options | Civil Lawyer, Lecturer, Law Officer, Legal Administrator, and Legal Advisor |
Average Salary | Rs 2,50,000 to Rs 8,00,000 |
Recruiting Companies | Mackenzie Modern It Solutions Private Limited, Pankaj Bhandari Associates, River Forest Connections, Peepal Associates, and Altruist Technologies Pvt Ltd |
Top Civil Law Colleges in India
Civil Law as a degree programme is offered by many institutes in India, both private and public. The admission is based on the marks scored by the candidates in the entrance exam and past academic performance. In the table below we have mentioned the top Civil Law colleges in India.
Colleges | Fees |
---|---|
Rs 1.29 Lakhs | |
- | |
Rs 5.40 Lakhs |
Top Private Civil Law Colleges in India
Civil Laws courses are offered by many colleges in India, studying at a private college is more expensive than studying at a government institute. In the table below, we have mentioned the top private Civil Law colleges offering Civil Law courses in India.
Colleges | Fees |
---|---|
Renaissance College, Nagpur | - |
School of Legal Studies, KR Mangalam University, Gurgaon | Rs 5.40 Lakhs |
Eligibility Criteria (UG & PG) of Civil Law
As mentioned earlier, there is no undergraduate civil law course as such; it is taught as a part of the LLB curriculum. Civil law courses are available only at the postgraduate level. For being eligible to get an LLM degree in civil law course, one must possess an LLB degree from a recognised university. There are entrance examinations held for the admission into the master of law course. One must pass those exams with the stipulated cut off marks.
Eligibility Criteria for UG Courses
One cannot study civil law after class 12 as it is not offered in India in any undergraduate course. The students have to enrol themselves into the LLB programme. For an LLB course of three years, the candidates have to score a minimum of 45 per cent marks in the class 10+2 examination from a recognised board. For admission into the BA LLB course of five years, the criteria remain the same. However, there is a relaxation in the marks percentage for reserved category students.
- Candidates who want to pursue LLB courses need to complete their 10+2 education in any stream such as Arts, Commerce and Science from a recognised board in India.
- They should have scored a minimum aggregate score of 45% marks in 10+2 in undergraduate examination.
- The admission is based on entrance exam or direct admission based on past academic performance.
Top Entrance Exams for UG Courses
CLAT- Common-Law Admission Test (CLAT) is an entrance test in the area of law that is conducted by the National Law University at a national level in India. It is an offline examination and is widely accepted in most law institutions and colleges.
LSAT:LSAT is an Indian national level law entrance exam, conducted by the law school admission council. The mode of exam is online and counselling is done offline.
AILET:AILET or All India Law Entrance Test is a national level entrance examination conducted by the National Law School, Delhi. AILET exam offers 110 BA LLB courses and 70 LLM seats.
MH CET : Maharashtra Common Entrance Test is a state level entrance examination for law courses conducted by Directorate of Higher Education Mumbai for admission in the law colleges across Maharashtra.
AP LAWCET: APLAWCET stands for Andhra Pradesh Law Common Entrance Test. APLAWCET is a state-level examination and it is conducted by Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur. This exam is accepted by many law colleges and universities for pursuing three-year and five-year LLB.
Eligibility Criteria for PG Courses
Candidates interested in pursuing postgraduate courses in the field of Civil Laws must complete their Bachelor’s degree in the field of law or related discipline with a valid aggregate score. Mentioned below is the PG eligibility criteria for Civil Law course.
- Students should complete their LLB in any specialisation to be eligible for Civil Law to be eligible for the admissions.
- They must score a minimum aggregate percentage of 50 per cent. The required aggregate percentage may vary depending on the institute.
- Candidates also need to appear for relevant entrance examinations specified by the desired institute and meet the required cut-off.
Top Entrance Exams for PG Courses
CLAT PG: CLAT PG or Common-Law Admission Test Post Graduate is conducted by the National Law University. It is a national level entrance test in the area of law which. CLAT PG is conducted in the offline examination and recognised by most of the law institutions and colleges.
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Scope of Civil Law in India and Abroad
India is a country with constitutional law. Civil law contributes largely to the judicial and legal systems of India. Thus the demand for civil lawyers is wide in this country. In India, civil law can be pursued from the aspect of family law, tort law, media law, contract law, and administrative law. These areas being largely dependent on precedents require more and more involvement of civil lawyers. The jurisdiction of Indian civil courts is specified by civil law and the Code of civil procedures (CPC).
Other nations like the United States, Singapore, Australia, France, and New Zealand, have constitutional law implemented. So, the demand for civil lawyers is high in these countries too. Situations of civil importance are taken care of by civil lawyers in these countries. They are vested with inherent discretionary powers. Civil law solves disputes between individuals and/or institutions completely and impartially.
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Course Fees Civil Law
Minimum Fees | Maximum Fees | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Private | Government | Private | Government | |
PG | ||||
DOCTORAL |
Course Subjects
The syllabus for postgraduate courses as well as undergraduate courses slightly varies depending on the institute. In the table below we have mentioned the UG courses related to Taxation Law. The civil law subjects can be divided into UG and PG levels. The subjects and syllabus can differ from a selection of specialisations as they learn different subjects from different specialisations. Civil law is studied as a subject under the LLB course in one semester. The below UG syllabus is taken from Shivaji University, Kolhapur.
Civil Law Syllabus for UG Courses
Unit I | The Basic Concepts of the civil procedure code |
The distinction between decree and judgment and between decree and order Jurisdiction | |
Suit of civil nature-scope and limits | |
Res-subjudice and Res Judicata | |
Unit II | Parties to the suit: Joinder, misjoinder non-Joinder Of Parties |
The Rules Under Civil Manual(divorce and judicial separation cases) | |
Process Of Suit, Rules under the Suit Valuation Act 1887 | |
Frame Of Suit: Importance Of Cause Of Action | |
Unit III | Rules of Pleading, Signing, and Verification |
Plaint: rules and particulars | |
Interrogatories | |
Unit IV | Appearance |
Ex-parte procedure | |
Adjournments | |
Interest And Costs | |
Unit V | General principles |
Power for execution of decrees | |
Enforcement, arrest detection | |
Delivery Property | |
Unit VI | Public Nuisance |
Interpleader Suits | |
Appeals, Review, and Reference | |
Miscellaneous, Transfer of cases, Caveat, Inherent powers of Courts | |
Unit VII | Expiry Of Prescribed Period When Court Is Closed |
Condonation Of Delay | |
Computation Of Period Of Limitation | |
Extinguishment Of Right To Property | |
Unit VIII | Computation Of Court Fees |
Refund of fees | |
The Mode Of Levying Fees | |
Process Fees |
Careers in Civil Law
After completing Civil Law courses at undergraduate or postgraduate courses, graduates can choose among various career options. Civil lawyers have to present cases to juries and judges at the state civil courts. They can also work for the investigation of official data in the public or private sector enterprises.
They can assist in translating laws and rulings for persons, businesses and organisations. They may act as negotiators in the settlements of legal disputes. Many law students after passing from a civil law institute also join banks and get placed in credit departments where their expertise is greatly valued for appraisal of cases.
A Civil Lawyer is also known as a litigator. He or she handles civil conflicts such as property settlement, dowry, divorce, and commercial matters, among other things. To deal with the situation by law and order. | |
Professor: | Professors impart knowledge to the next generation of students who are interested in making civil law their career. Professors join various colleges and institutes offering the course and share their experience and expertise with the students. |
Legal advisor provides advice to clients regarding legal decisions, various legal issues, and documentation policies. Various organisations recruit legal advisors who would take care of the legal disputes, and resolve and prevent them as they occur between the company and the clients, the company, and the government. | |
Journalists are professionals who collect news and stories of civil importance and present them to the readers. They represent arguments, collect information from all possible sources and make the audience aware of the events happening across the globe. | |
Social Workers aim to improve human well-being and assist in meeting the basic and complicated needs of all people, with a special emphasis on those who are vulnerable, oppressed, or living in poverty. | |
Political strategist: | Political strategists are the political consultants of a particular political party or a candidate who is standing in the election. Planning campaign strategies, arranging public events for promoting the candidate, and coordinating the staff associated with the campaign are a few of the basic activities of political strategists. |
Upcoming trends
Discussions are on higher levels of authorities on foreign law firms operating in India. This will open up new and wider opportunities for civil law pass-outs. Legal process outsourcing is a new trend in this field. In India, LPOs are already operating and a good number of new and young civil law candidates are recruited by them. This process is mainly involved with legal dealings in the US and UK laws. Also, a declining economy, escalating medical costs, and record foreclosures have created a surge in filings under the guidelines of civil law. E-discovery attorneys and litigation support professionals under the branches of civil law help to identify, preserve, collect, process, review and produce ESI in litigation.
Job Profiles and Top Recruiters
Civil Law graduates can be employed in Law Firms, Corporations, Banks, NGOs, and Educational Institutions. Some of the top recruiters in the field of Civil Law are
Nishith Desai Associates | S &R Associates |
AZB & Partners | Talwar Thakore & Associates |
Khaitan & Co | Platinum Partners |
J Sagar Associates | Anand and Anand |
Luthra & Luthra | Desai & Diwanji |
Trilegal | Economic Laws Practice |
Lakshmikumaran & Sridharan | Wadia Ghandy & Co |
Average Salary
Candidates' salary depends upon many factors such as job location, job role, skills, and abilities. But the remuneration is largely dependent on the years of experience they have earned and the level of qualification. In the table below we have listed the salary for some of the top career options after the course.
Job Profile | Annual Salary |
---|---|
Civil lawyer | Rs 2,40,000 |
Legal advisor | Rs 4,20,000 |
Professor | Rs 11,00,000 |
Journalist | Rs 3,00,000 |
Social worker | Rs 2,00,000 |
Political strategist | Rs 7,00,000 |
Required Skillset for Civil Law
Candidates interested in pursuing Civil Law courses at undergraduate and postgraduate level, must possess some skills to do well academically and professionally in the career of Civil Law. In the table below, we have mentioned the top skills required for the same.
Analytical Skill | Logical Thinking and Ability |
Research Skills | Interpersonal Skills |
Good Communication Skills | Problem- Solving Skills |
Course Curriculum for Civil Law
Civil Law is a field of Law and includes various topics such as Family Law, Intellectual Property Law, Labour Law and International Law. The civil law course curriculum includes four sections. These are:
- Family law: This area deals with the issues related to family relationships such as marriage, divorces, adoption, child custody, and others.
- Intellectual property law: It includes the rules for securing and enforcing legal rights to inventions, designs, and artistic works.
- Labour law: It deals with legal rights and restrictions pertaining to people working for organisations.
- International Law: It involves a set of rules accepted as binding relations between states and nations.
Popular Civil Law Entrance Exams in India
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Question: What are some of the top recruiters hiring Civil Law graduates?
Answer :
The top recruiters hiring the graduates are Nishith Desai Associates, S &R Associates, Khaitan & Co, Anand and Anand, J Sagar Associates, Wadia Ghandy & Co.
Question: What is the eligibility criteria for Civil Law course at undergraduate and postgraduate level.
Answer :
Candidates are advised to check the eligibility criteria of the desired institute before applying for admissions. They can find the eligibility criteria of the course by visiting the official website of the institute or on the programme brochure. For UG course, the candidates are required to complete their 10+2 examination with a valid aggregate score from a recognised board. For PG courses, they need to have a Bachelor's degree preferably in Law with a valid aggregate score as specified by the desired institute.
Question: What are the skills required for Civil Law course?
Answer :
Civil Law like any other require some skills to do well both academically and professionally. These skills are Analytical Skills, Research Skills, Good Communication Skills, Logical Thinking and Ability, and Problem- Solving Skills.
Question: What are some of the degree programmes offered in the field of Civil Law?
Answer :
Some of the degree programmes offered in the field of Civil Law are LLM, Ph.D, and BA courses.
Question: Can I do LLB in civil law after class 12?
Answer :
No institute in India offers a graduate course in civil law. One can certainly opt for LLB but there is no scope of doing an LLB in civil law. This 3-year course can be done after completing graduation. However, one can opt for a 5-year integrated course after class 12 if he/she is interested in law as a career. For pursuing civil law, one has to wait till LLB is completed and then can go for LLM in civil law.
Question: How much salary can a graduate in Civil Law earn?
Answer :
The salary of a Civil Law graduate depends on many factors such as the experience of the candidate, location of the company, job profile and resume of the candidate. The average salary of a Civil Lawyer in India is Rs 3 LPA.
Question: What are the fees of the law colleges offering LLM Civil Law?
Answer :
The fees of the Civil Law courses depends on the type of institute, course applied and the location of the institute. The average fees ranges from Rs 3,000- Rs 7.2 Lakhs.
Question: Which colleges offer civil law courses in India?
Answer :
There are many colleges offering Civil Law courses such as Nalsar University of Law, Hyderabad, Symbiosis Law School, Pune, National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bangalore, National Law Institute University (NLIU), Bhopal, University College of Law, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Government Law College, Mumbai.