Dear Student,

The Constitution of India is the largest written liberal democratic constitution of the world. It provides a mixture of federalism and Unitarianism, and flexibility and with rigidity.

Since its inauguration on 26th January 1950, the Constitution India has been successfully guiding the path and progress of India. Each and every institution functions according to certain basic rules.

State is a political institution. The basic rules of the state are called constitution. The constitution of India is made by constituent Assembly. According to the cabinet Mission plan, the legislative Assemblies of the provinces were to elect their representatives to the constituent Assembly. Total members of the constituent Assemblies were 389.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the President of the constituent Assembly. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru moved the objective Resolution which reflected the ideals and philosophy that shaped the Indian constitution. The constituent Assembly completed the work in two years eleven months and eighteen days.

From 26th January 1950 constitution of India came in force. Hence, 26th January is celebrated as the Republic day.

BASIC FEATURES : The basic rules for the behaviour of members of a state are called the constitution of the state.

In India it is the highest law of the land, constitution establishes rule of law and give political stability to the state.

The constitution of India is both evolved and enacted. It is evolved out of various Acts made during the British period and is enacted and prepared by the constituent Assembly. The constituent Assembly was composed as per the cabinet mission Plan. Its first session began in 19415. Dr. Rajendra Prasad with the chairman of the constituent Assembly, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the chairman of the Drafting committee. In its original form, the constitution had 395 Articles and & 8 schedules. Now it has 397 Articles and 12 schedules.

Salient Features of the constitution are as follows:

1. Lengthiest constitution in the world.

2. Sovereignty resides in the people

3. Parliamentary form of Government.

4. Unique blend of rigidity and flexibility.

5. Fundamental Rights.

6. Directive principles of the state policy.

7. Quasi – federal in nature.

8. Adult suffrage.

9. Independence of Judiciary

10. Judicial Review.

11. Fundamental duties

12. Sovereign.

13. Democracy.

14. Republic.

15. Secular.

16. Single citizenship.

17. Uniformity in Basic Administration.

18. Revolutionary.

19. Lawyer’s paradise.

20. Judicial Review and parliament sovereignty.

Happy Learning!