Properties of d-Block Elements

d-block elements are also known as the transition elements. Their d-orbitals are partially filled.

Physical Properties:

Physical Properties: They show general properties of metals like having a high ductility, malleability, and good heat and electricity conductors.

High Melting and Boiling Points: This is due to strong metallic bonding.

Variable Oxidation States: They can show various oxidation states because of the involvement of d-electrons in bonding.

Coloured Compounds Forming: Many d-block elements form colored compounds due to d-d electronic transitions. Catalytic Property: It acts as a catalyst in most chemical reactions. Paramagnetism: Most of the d-block elements are paramagnetic owing to the presence of unpaired electrons. Complex Formation: They form complex ions with ligands. Chemical Property: Multiple Oxidation States: As discussed earlier, they have multiple oxidation states.

Formation of Coloured Compounds: Many d-block compounds are coloured due to the transition of electrons between d-orbitals.   Catalytic Properties: They become catalysts in many industrial chemical processes.   Complex Formation: They form complex ions with ligands.   Magnetic Properties: Many d-block elements show magnetic properties due to the existence of unpaired electrons.

D-block elements include: Scandium (Sc), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn).

They have a lot of uses in such fields as metallurgy, catalysis, and electronics. Their properties make them impracticable without these elements in modern technology.