Hello aspirant,

A private key is used to both encryption and decryption of data. Where as, a public key is used to only for encryption of data and a private key is used for decryption of data.

A public key mechanism is slower than Private Key. Private Key mechanism is faster than public key.

Private Key is Symmetrical and Public key is Unsymmetrical.

Sender and receiver need to share the same key in case of Private key and in case of Public key sender and receiver doesn't need to share the key.

I hope this information was helpful to you.

All The Best!!