The life of a junior scientist, usually as a PhD student or postdoctoral researcher is rarely easy.The job often involves relocating to another city or even another country,which can be difficult and can disrupt personal relationships.Long working hours,often extending into evenings or weekends, inevitable clash with the scientists private life.Cruicial experiments or research projects might refuse to yield results for weeks or even months.The lack of clear options and the small number of higher academic positions cause much unease when junior scientists think about their career prospects, particularly in the life sciences.The efforts of junior scientists are not sufficiently recognised or appreciated.Despite the fact that most of the reasearch output is produced by junior scientists,they gain comparatively little stability and few career options or other rewards in return.But in current generation junior scientists are lucky as the need for scientific advice to solve global problems is increasing.Sabbaticals are becoming more common,and there are more institute based and young scientist initiatied courses and activities than a decade ago.A large number of senior scientists will retire during the next decade to make way for the next generation.More young scientists are emigrating to western Europe and the USA to study,and then returning to stimulate scientific research in their home countries.The increased mobility of junior scientists not only improves their chances for professional advancement,but also provides them with many opportunities to broaden their horizons.