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Here are some of the important topics of Physics class 12 for the board examination:

1. Electric Charges and Fields

Coulomb’s Law

Electric Field and Field Lines

Electric Dipole

Gauss’s Law and its applications

2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Potential due to a point charge/dipole

Equipotential surfaces

Capacitance and capacitors in series/parallel

Energy stored in capacitor

3. Current Electricity

Ohm’s Law, resistivity and conductivity

Combination of resistors

Kirchhoff’s Laws, Wheatstone Bridge

Meter Bridge, Potentiometer principle and uses

4. Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic force on a moving charge

Motion in magnetic field (cyclotron)

Biot–Savart Law

Ampere’s Law, Solenoid and Toroid

Force between two parallel current-carrying wires

5. Magnetism and Matter

Bar magnet as a dipole

Magnetic field lines

Magnetic properties: dia, para, ferromagnetic

Earth’s magnetis

6. Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday’s Laws of Induction

Lenz’s Law

Self and mutual induction

Eddy currents

7. Alternating Current

AC circuits with resistor, inductor, capacitor

LCR circuit and resonance

Power in AC circuits

Transformers

8. Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current

Electromagnetic spectrum and uses

9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Reflection and Refraction

Lenses and Mirrors

Lens formula, Mirror formula

Total Internal Reflection

Optical instruments: Microscope, Telescope

10. Wave Optics

Interference of light: Young’s Double-Slit Experiment

Diffraction and Polarization

11. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Photoelectric Effect (Laws, Einstein's equation)

de Broglie wavelength

12. Atoms

Bohr’s Model of Hydrogen Atom

Energy levels and spectra