Hello Simran,

The IELTS exam has various variants. The two most popular variants are IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training. The syllabus of IELTS 2021 is prescribed by the British Council, IDP and Cambridge ESOL Examinations. You must prepare for IELTS keeping the syllabus and test pattern into consideration. IELTS syllabus consists of four compulsory sections – Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking sections. The listening and reading sections of IELTS syllabus will remain the same for both IELTS General Training and IELTS Academic. However, the listening and speaking sections will vary in terms of test content. The IELTS 2021 is designed to test your basic knowledge of the English language at study, at work, and at informal/social gatherings. The results of IELTS are expressed on a unique 9-band scale.

Reading - IELTS Academic

The Academic version of the syllabus of IELTS 2021 includes three long texts where the subject matter range from the descriptive and factual to the discursive and analytical. The texts are authentic and are taken from books, journals, magazines and newspapers. These are selected for a non-specialist audience but are appropriate for candidates entering university courses or seeking professional registration abroad.

Writing- IELTS Academic:

The writing component of IELTS Academic includes two tasks. Topics are of general interest and suitable for candidates planning undergraduate and postgraduate studies abroad or seeking professional registration.
Task 1
Candidates will be presented with a graph, table, chart or diagram and asked to describe, summarise or explain the information in own words. Test takers may be asked to describe and explain a given data, describe the stages of a process, a flowchart of how something works or describe an object or event.

Task 2
Candidates would be asked to write an essay in response to a point of view, argument or problem. Responses to both tasks must be in a formal and academic style. Arguments should be supported by relevant examples.

know more - https://studyabroad.careers360.com/articles/ielts-syllabus

Hope this helps,

All the best  !