Question : In the context of intelligence, cultural bias in testing can result in:

Option 1: Overestimation of intelligence in all individuals

Option 2: Underestimation of intelligence in culturally diverse groups

Option 3: Accurate measurement of intelligence across cultures

Option 4: Increased motivation to perform well on tests

Question : The primary difference between aptitude and achievement tests is that aptitude tests:

Option 1: Measure learned knowledge and skills

Option 2: Are used exclusively in educational settings

Option 3: Assess potential for future learning or performance

Option 4: Focus on specific subject areas

Question : Spearman's theory of intelligence is primarily based on the concept of:

Option 1: Multiple independent intelligences

Option 2: A single general intelligence factor

Option 3: Intelligence being unrelated to cognitive abilities

Option 4: The predominance of specific skills over general intelligence

Question : Spearman's concept of 'g' factor suggests that:

Option 1: There are multiple independent intelligences

Option 2: General intelligence does not play a role in cognitive abilities

Option 3: A single general intelligence underlies all cognitive abilities

Option 4: Specific abilities are more important than general intelligence

Question : Which of the following statements best reflects the influence of culture on intelligence?

Option 1: Culture has no impact on the development of intelligence

Option 2: Intelligence is entirely determined by biological factors

Option 3: Cultural experiences can shape the expression of intelligence

Option 4: Intelligence is the same across all cultures