Question : A major challenge faced by Panchayati Raj institutions is:

Option 1: Excessive centralization of power

Option 2: Lack of community involvement

Option 3: Overemphasis on urban issues

Option 4: Insufficient resources and authority

Question : What is a major challenge faced by urban settlements in developing countries?

Option 1: Declining population

Option 2: Excessive aqricultural activities

Option 3: Insufficient waste management systems

Option 4: Abundance of natural resources

Question : What was a major challenge in the transition from a planned economy to a market economy in post-communist regimes?

Option 1: Overproduction of goods

Option 2: Lack of consumer demand

Option 3: Privatization of state-owned enterprises

Option 4: Excessive government regulation

Question : The governance of common property resources involves:
   

Option 1: Unilateral decision-making by external authorities
 

Option 2: Democratic participation and collective management by the community
   

Option 3: Privatization and individual ownership of resources

Option 4: Centralized control by the government without community input

Question : What are 'common property resources'?

Option 1: Resources owned by individuals

Option 2: Resources owned by the government

Option 3: Resources shared by a community

Option 4: Resources exclusive to a particular region