Question : What is the primary purpose of healthcare infrastructure?
Option 1: Promoting tourism
Option 2: Ensuring public safety
Option 3: Providing medical services
Option 4: Enhancing educational opportunities
Correct Answer: Providing medical services
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Providing medical services
The primary purpose of healthcare infrastructure is to provide medical services. Healthcare infrastructure refers to the physical facilities, equipment, and systems that support the delivery of healthcare services and the provision of medical care to individuals and communities.
Healthcare infrastructure includes various components such as hospitals, clinics, medical laboratories, diagnostic centers, pharmacies, and other healthcare facilities. It also encompasses the necessary equipment, technology, and support systems required for medical diagnosis, treatment, and patient care.
The main goal of healthcare infrastructure is to ensure access to quality healthcare services, promote public health, and address the medical needs of individuals and communities. It involves the provision of medical professionals, specialized healthcare services, emergency care, preventive healthcare measures, and other healthcare interventions.
Question : Assertion: Government policies play a crucial role in promoting human capital formation.
Reason: Government interventions can improve access to education and healthcare services.
Option 1: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 2: Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 3: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
Option 4: Assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Solution : The correct option is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
The assertion that government policies play a crucial role in promoting human capital formation is true. Human capital formation refers to the process of acquiring and developing knowledge, skills, and capabilities in individuals. Government policies have a significant influence on the availability, accessibility, and quality of education and healthcare services, which are key components of human capital formation. Through various interventions and investments, governments can create an enabling environment that supports education and healthcare, leading to the development of human capital in a society.
The reason provided states that government interventions can improve access to education and healthcare services, which is a correct explanation of the assertion. Government policies can include measures such as funding for educational institutions, scholarships and grants, infrastructure development, curriculum development, healthcare subsidies, and public health initiatives. These interventions aim to reduce barriers to education and healthcare, improve their affordability and quality, and ensure equitable access for all individuals. By implementing such policies, governments can enhance human capital formation by providing individuals with the necessary resources and opportunities to acquire education and healthcare services.
Therefore, both the assertion that government policies play a crucial role in promoting human capital formation and the reason that government interventions can improve access to education and healthcare services are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Question : Assertion: Lack of access to healthcare facilities contributes to poverty.
Reason: Medical expenses can push individuals and families into poverty due to high out-of-pocket costs.
Option 1: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 2: Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Option 3: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
Option 4: Assertion is false, but the reason is true.
Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
The assertion is true. When individuals and communities do not have adequate access to healthcare services, it can have detrimental effects on their health and overall well-being. Poor health outcomes can lead to increased medical expenses, reduced productivity, and a cycle of poverty as families struggle to cope with healthcare costs and the economic burden of illness.
The reason provided, stating that medical expenses can push individuals and families into poverty due to high out-of-pocket costs, is the correct explanation of the assertion. In many countries, including India, healthcare expenses are often a significant financial burden for individuals and families. High out-of-pocket costs for medical treatments, medications, hospitalization, and other healthcare services can deplete savings, force individuals to borrow money or sell assets, and push them into poverty.
Therefore, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion. Lack of access to healthcare facilities can indeed contribute to poverty, primarily due to the financial strain caused by high medical expenses.
Question : Case Study 8: Entrepreneurial Innovation
Rohan, a young entrepreneur, noticed the difficulty faced by elderly citizens in his neighborhood while accessing healthcare facilities. He developed a mobile app that connects senior citizens to healthcare professionals who provide home care services, ensuring convenience and quality care for the elderly.
Question:
How did Rohan's entrepreneurial innovation address the needs of elderly citizens?
Option 1: By developing video games for entertainment
Option 2: By providing home care services through a mobile app
Option 3: By selling traditional healthcare products
Option 4: By organizing healthcare conferences
Correct Answer: By providing home care services through a mobile app
Solution : The correct answer is (b) By providing home care services through a mobile app
Rohan developed a mobile app that connects senior citizens to healthcare professionals who provide home care services. This innovation ensures convenience and quality care for the elderly, allowing them to access healthcare services in the comfort of their homes.
Question : Which of the following is an example of public investment in human capital?
Option 1: Corporate training programs
Option 2: Scholarships provided by private institutions
Option 3: Government funding for educational institutions
Option 4: Employer-sponsored healthcare plans
Correct Answer: Government funding for educational institutions
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Government funding for educational institutions.
Public investment in human capital refers to the allocation of resources by the government towards education and skill development of individuals in a society. It involves the provision of financial support and resources to educational institutions such as schools, colleges, universities, and vocational training centers. Government funding helps to improve the quality of education, expand access to educational opportunities, and enhance the overall human capital of the population.
Question : The "Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)" scheme provides:
Option 1: Free education to children in rural areas
Option 2: Skill development training for unemployed youth
Option 3: Nutrition and healthcare services to children and pregnant women
Option 4: Financial assistance for higher education to marginalized students
Correct Answer: Nutrition and healthcare services to children and pregnant women
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Nutrition and healthcare services to children and pregnant women
The "Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)" scheme in India primarily focuses on providing comprehensive services for the holistic development of children and improving the health and nutrition status of pregnant women and lactating mothers. The scheme aims to ensure proper early childhood care and development, nutrition support, immunization, and health check-ups for children up to the age of six years. It includes services such as supplementary nutrition, immunization, health check-ups, referral services, and non-formal pre-school education. The ICDS scheme plays a crucial role in addressing malnutrition and promoting the overall well-being of children and women in India.
Question : The lack of healthcare access in rural areas is mainly due to:
Option 1: Excessive healthcare facilities
Option 2: Unaffordable medical services
Option 3: Overpopulated regions
Option 4: Inadequate transportation systems
Correct Answer: Unaffordable medical services
Solution : The correct answer is (B) Unaffordable medical services
The lack of healthcare access in rural areas is primarily due to the unaffordability of medical services. Rural areas often have limited healthcare facilities and resources, making it difficult for people in those areas to access quality healthcare. Additionally, the cost of healthcare services, including consultations, medications, diagnostic tests, and hospitalizations, can be a significant burden for individuals and families in rural areas, many of whom may have low income and limited access to health insurance or financial assistance programs. As a result, the unaffordability of medical services becomes a major barrier to healthcare access in rural areas.
Question : Case Study: MNO Healthcare Solutions
MNO Healthcare Solutions is a healthcare startup that aims to provide affordable medical services to underserved areas. The company is in the early stages of development and is looking for ways to expand its reach.
Question:
To overcome the limitations of planning, MNO Healthcare Solutions can focus on:
Option 1: Incorporating flexibility in the plans
Option 2: Relying solely on top management's decisions
Option 3: Limiting employee involvement
Option 4: Adopting a reactive approach
Correct Answer: Incorporating flexibility in the plans
Solution : The correct answer is (a). Incorporating flexibility in the plans
Incorporating flexibility in plans allows an organization to adapt to changes and unforeseen circumstances. It enables adjustments to be made when necessary, ensuring that plans remain relevant and effective in dynamic environments.
Therefore, Incorporating flexibility in the plans is the most appropriate choice for overcoming the limitations of planning.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. There (1)_____ progress over the last decades: More girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to (2)_____ gender equality. Despite these gains, many challenges remain: discriminatory laws and social norms remain (3)_____, women continue to be underrepresented at all levels of political leadership, and 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15 and 49 report experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within a 12 -month period. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reverse the limited progress that has been made on gender equality and women's rights. The coronavirus outbreak (4)_____ existing inequalities for women and girls across every sphere - from health and the economy to security and social protection. Women play a disproportionate role in responding to the virus, including as frontline healthcare workers and carers at home. Women's unpaid care work has increased significantly as a result of school closures and the increased needs of older people. Women are also harder hit by the economic (5)_____ of COVID-19, as they disproportionately work in insecure labour markets. Nearly 60 percent of women work in the informal economy, which puts them at greater risk of falling into poverty.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank 4.
Option 1: placate
Option 2: exacerbates
Option 3: appease
Option 4: aid
Correct Answer: exacerbates
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
Exacerbate means to make something worse that is already bad. This helps convey the intended meaning that the pandemic worsened the already existing inequalities for women and girls.
Therefore, the correct answer is exacerbates.
Question : Case Study: MNO Healthcare Solutions
MNO Healthcare Solutions is a healthcare startup that aims to provide affordable medical services to underserved areas. The company is in the early stages of development and is looking for ways to expand its reach.
Question:
In the planning process for expansion, what should MNO Healthcare Solutions do after identifying potential risks?
Option 1: Evaluating alternative courses of action
Option 2: Identifying various courses of action
Option 3: Developing premises
Option 4: Allocating resources
Correct Answer: Evaluating alternative courses of action
Solution : The correct answer is (a). Evaluating alternative courses of action
Evaluating alternative courses of action allows MNO Healthcare Solutions to consider different scenarios and choose the most effective and feasible way to proceed, taking into account the potential challenges and opportunities identified during the risk assessment.
Identifying various courses of action, Developing premises, and Allocating resources are important steps in the planning process, but they typically follow the evaluation of alternative courses of action. The evaluation helps in selecting the most appropriate plan before moving on to the detailed aspects of implementation.