Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Poverty is indeed a multi-dimensional phenomenon. The assertion correctly states that poverty encompasses not only low income but also the lack of access to basic necessities and opportunities. Poverty is not solely defined by income levels but also includes factors such as inadequate healthcare, education, housing, nutrition, clean water, sanitation, and social exclusion.

The reason provided explains why poverty is multi-dimensional by emphasizing that it goes beyond just income. The lack of access to basic necessities and opportunities contributes to the overall experience of poverty and underscores the complexity of the issue.