Question : Directions: Given below are two statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they are at variance with commonly known facts, and decide whether the conclusion(s) follow(s) the given statements. Statements: All irons are coppers. All coppers are aluminiums. Conclusions: I. Some aluminum are irons. II. Some aluminum are coppers.
Option 1: Only conclusion II follows
Option 2: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 3: Only conclusion I follows
Option 4: Both conclusions follow
Correct Answer: Both conclusions follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram, according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions – Conclusion (I): Some aluminiums are irons – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing aluminiums lie inside the circle representing irons while some lie outside. Thus, it can be concluded that some aluminiums are irons. Conclusion (II): Some aluminiums are coppers – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that some parts of the circle representing aluminiums lie inside the circle representing coppers while some lie outside. Thus, it can be concluded that some aluminiums are coppers.
So, both conclusions follow. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
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Question : Directions: Given below are two statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they are at variance with commonly known facts, and decide whether the conclusion(s) follow(s) the given statements. Statements: I. Some dates are hazelnuts. II. All hazelnuts are walnuts. Conclusions: I. Some dates are walnuts. II. Some walnuts are hazelnuts.
Option 1: Both conclusions follow
Option 2: Only conclusion I follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion II follows
Question : Directions: Given below are two statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they are at variance with commonly known facts, and decide whether the conclusion(s) follow(s) the given statements. Statements: Some rats are mats. All mats are ants. Conclusions: I. Some rats are ants. II. Some ants are mats.
Option 3: Only conclusion II follows
Option 4: Only conclusion I follows
Question : Directions: Given below are two statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they are at variance with commonly known facts, and decide whether the conclusion(s) follow(s) the given statements. Statements: Some cakes are biscuits. Some biscuits are chocolates. Conclusions: I. Some biscuits are cakes. II. Some cakes are chocolates.
Option 1: Both the conclusions follow
Option 2: Only conclusion II follows
Question : Directions: Given below are two statements and two conclusions. Take the statements to be true even if they are at variance with commonly known facts, and decide whether the conclusion(s) follow(s) the given statements Statements: All dogs are cats. Some cats are not dolls. Conclusions: I. All dolls are cats. II. Some cats are dogs.
Option 3: Both the conclusions follow
Option 4: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Question : Directions: Two statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: Some rivers are oceans. All oceans are beaches. Conclusions: I. Some rivers are beaches. II. All oceans are rivers.
Option 2: Both conclusions I and II follow
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