Hello Haris Quamar,

What is first aid?

First aid refers to the immediate treatment of an individual(s) that is injured or ill. First aid is not a full medical treatment, but something that can be done to stabilize a person so they can be moved to a hospital for regular medical treatment, or to preserve life while waiting for medical professionals. First aid is a certification that is required for many professions, and is available from a wide variety of institutions.

There are various levels of first aid that are offered, though, most common is standard first aid, or healthcare provider first aid. Typically, CPR and AED training are included in a first aid course. A first aid course prepares individuals to respond in emergency situations, both life threatening and non-life threatening, and provide general medical attention. This can include everything from wound care, to treating hypothermia, to performing CPR. Usually, the first aider takes after the injured or ill until professional medical professionals arrive on scene.

What is there in a first aid box?

A basic first aid kit may contain:

• plasters in a variety of different sizes and shapes
• small, medium and large sterile gauze dressings
• at least 2 sterile eye dressings
• triangular bandagescrêpe rolled bandages
• safety pinsdisposable sterile gloves
• tweezers
• scissors
• alcohol-free cleansing wipes
• sticky tapethermometer (preferably digital)
• skin rash cream, such as hydrocortisone or calendula
• cream or spray to relieve insect bites and stings
• antiseptic cream
• painkillers such as paracetamol (or infant paracetamol for children), aspirin (not to be given to children under 16), or ibuprofen
• cough medicine
• antihistamine cream or tablets
• distilled water for cleaning wounds
• eye wash and eye bath

Different types of wounds are:

• Abrasion: An abrasion occurs when your skin rubs or scrapes against a rough or hard surface. Road rash is an example of an abrasion. There’s usually not a lot of bleeding, but the wound needs to be scrubbed and cleaned to avoid infection.
• Laceration: A laceration is a deep cut or tearing of your skin. Accidents with knives, tools, and machinery are frequent causes of lacerations. In the case of deep lacerations, bleeding can be rapid and extensive.
• Puncture: A puncture is a small hole caused by a long, pointy object, such as a nail or needle. Sometimes, a bullet can cause a puncture wound. Punctures may not bleed much, but these wounds can be deep enough to damage internal organs. If you have even a small puncture wound, visit your doctor to get a tetanus shot and prevent infection.
• Avulsion: An avulsion is a partial or complete tearing away of skin and the tissue beneath. Avulsions usually occur during violent accidents, such as body-crushing accidents, explosions, and gunshots. They bleed heavily and rapidly.

How to treat a minor cut or scrape?

• Wash your hands with soap so you do not get bacteria into the cut and cause infection.
• Put pressure on the wound in order to stop the bleeding.
• Rinse the wound under cool running water. Clean the area around the wound with soap and a weshcloth. 
• Use a pair of tweexers to remove any dirt or debris.
• Place a piece of clean gauze over the wound and apply tape around it in order to hold it in place.

When to see a doctor?

• They are deep (doctors usually are more concerned with how deep a cut is rather than how long it is, because of the concern that deeper tissues like blood vessels, nerves, or tendons may be damaged)
• They expose any muscle tissue (red) or fat tissue (yellowish)
• They stay open if you let go of the sides of the cut
• They are on a joint or in an area where healing might be difficult (stitching might be needed to keep it closed)
• They remain visibly dirty after being cleaned.
• They continue to bleed longer than 10 minutes.

I hope this helps!

Do revert back in case of any doubt.