To become a social work professor you will require to obtain a bachelor's degree, a master's degree and a Ph.D. in social work. Basically a PHD degree is required i any field if you are opting to become a full fledged professor.

After your BSW you need to go for MSW and during MSW as this will allow you another chance to earn superlative grades and write scholarly papers of publishable quality. This will in turn help you while getting recommendations for Ph.d.