Hello

Toluene is an organic liquid that is immiscible with water. To separate their mixture, we should allow it to stand for a few minutes. Being less dense than water, toluene will stand above the water layer and can be separated using a separating funnel through the process of differential extraction.

Aniline has a much higher boiling point (184.4 degree Celsius) than water (100 degree Celsius). Hence we can use distillation to separate this mixture. Water will be boiled off and then condensed in another container, thus separating aniline and water.

Similarly, sugar and water also have a very high difference in their boiling points. Their mixture can also be separated using distillation.

Else we can use crystallisation to separate sugar from water. In this method, we evaporate the mixture to a much smaller volume and then leave it to cool. As the solution cools, sugar crystals will form that can be obtained by filtration. The remaining filtrate would be water.