Question : The "demographic dividend" refers to:
Option 1: A decrease in the population growth rate
Option 2: The economic benefits resulting from a young and growing population
Option 3: The decline in the working-age population
Option 4: The rise in the dependency ratio
Correct Answer: The economic benefits resulting from a young and growing population
Solution : The correct answer is (b) The economic benefits resulting from a young and growing population.
The demographic dividend refers to the positive economic effects that can arise from changes in a country's age structure, particularly when there is a large proportion of working-age individuals in the population. It occurs when the proportion of the population in the working-age group (typically between 15 and 64 years) is relatively high compared to the dependent population (children and elderly).
A young and growing population can contribute to the demographic dividend in several ways. First, a larger working-age population means a larger labor force, which can lead to increased productivity and economic output. Second, with fewer dependents to support, individuals and households may have more resources available for savings, investment, and consumption. This can stimulate economic growth and development.
It's important to note that while a young and growing population can provide an opportunity for economic development, realizing the demographic dividend requires appropriate investments in education, healthcare, and employment opportunities to effectively harness the potential of the working-age population.
Question : The "dependency ratio" refers to the ratio of:
Option 1: Employed individuals to unemployed individuals
Option 2: Working-age population to dependent population
Option 3: Labor force to working-age population
Option 4: Urban population to rural population
Question : What does the term "demographic dividend" refer to?
Option 1: The decline in birth rates leading to an aging population
Option 2: The increase in the proportion of the working-age population
Option 3: The migration of skilled workers to other countries
Option 4: The dependency ratio in a population
Question : What is a demographic dividend in the context of India's population growth?
Option 1: The decline in the fertility rate
Option 2: The increase in the elderly population
Option 3: The growth of the working-age population
Option 4: The balance between rural and urban populations
Question : The concept of "jobless growth" refers to:
Option 1: Economic growth without a significant increase in employment opportunities
Option 2: Economic growth driven by the agricultural sector
Option 3: Economic growth accompanied by a decrease in labor force participation
Option 4: Economic growth without any negative impact on the unemployment rate
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