The spectrum of the important chapters is only getting broader day by day, only to encompass greater number of topics under the IMPORTANT category. Nonetheless, I will mention below a few topics from which questions have been routinely asked. However, I'd recommend you to concentrate on other topics as well so that you increase your chances of getting a decent score in the examinations.

ELECTROSTATICS : Questions from capacitors, electro magnetic field, applications of magnetism have been routinely asked.
HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS: questions on applications of carnot engine and work done by adiabatic process, isobaric and isochoric process have been asked.
MECHANICS: Gravitation, rotational motion are relatively more important. But do not neglect motion In a straight line as well as motion in a plane.
MODERN PHYSICS: A topic that has resumed importance in recent years, semiconductor electronics is very important from examination point of view.
OPTICS: questions from wave optics have been asked EVERY YEAR, so solve applications from that topics very well.
SHM & WAVES: are nearly equally important. Questions from one among these two topics have always come in the examinations.

I'd recommend you to follow some standard textbook like HC Verma and also go through the previous year's questions to get a gist of the kind of questions that have been asked and prepare accordingly. Practice alone is the key to decent scores in a subject like physics.

Hi Mohan Krishna

As now a days, the competition is getting harder and harder, so the importance of Physics too. The more you score in physics, along with chemistry and Biology, the more are your chances for selection.

In Physics, all the chapters are important but as per the trend, questions from some chapters are asaked more frequently. 

Unit	Number of Questions	Total Marks	Weightage Percentage
Electrodynamics	10	40	22.22%
Heat & Thermodynamics	5	20	11.11%
Mechanics	13	52	28.89%
Modern Physics	3	12	6.67%
Optics	5	20	11.11%
SHM & Waves	4	16	8.89%

Follow this link for more answers to query related to that of yours.

https://www.careers360.com/question-what-is-the-weightage-of-each-chapters-in-physics-for-neet-2018

 

All chapters are important but considering the chapters from which questions have been asked frequently i may suggest you to stress on the following.
11th class- Units and dimensions,gravitation,laws of motion,mechanical properties of fluids(v.v.important),waves and oscillations(v.imp),thermal properties of matter and thermodynamics( most questions are repeatedor are similar to previous yearpattern from these 2 chapters)
12th class-electrostatics and magnetic effects of electric current, alternating current( common questions),electromagnetic induction( while preparing give emphasis to picture based questions on direction of induced current),optics( common questions....seems a tough chapter but i feel its a mark fetching chapter if you pay a little attention .dont neglect the optical instrument and calculation portion)
Modern physics(easiest portion with similar type of repeated question each year)
A last suggestion.....do practice previous 20 years question paper atleast twice before sitting for NEET 2018.Wish you all the best.

Hello Mohan,
Ray optics, thermodynamics, electrostatic,semi conductors and communication systems, photoelectric effect and electromagnetic waves, rotational motion, current electricity, waves and sounds,  have a high chance of appearing in the exam

electromagnetic and magnetic effect have low probability and are not very high yield.

Goodluck

Mechanics ...thermodianemics..waves..optics..electrostaitcs...magnetics...nuclear phy..semiconductor..and also kinematics

According, to 2017 analysis by coaching institutes you can check the important topics for physics weightage wise

 

1- Electro magnetic field- 6.67%

2- Current electricity- 4.44%

3- Electro magnetic induction- 4.44%

4- Electrostatics- 4.44%

5- Heat nad Transfer- 4.44%

6- KTG & Thermodynamics- 6.67%

7- Gravitation- 4.44%

8- Rigid body dynamics- 6.67%

9- Modern Physics- 6.67%

 

Good luck!!

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