Question : What does the term "demographic dividend" refer to?
Option 1: The decline in birth rates leading to an aging population
Option 2: The increase in the proportion of the working-age population
Option 3: The migration of skilled workers to other countries
Option 4: The dependency ratio in a population
Correct Answer: The increase in the proportion of the working-age population
Solution : The correct answer is (b) The increase in the proportion of the working-age population.
It is a concept used to describe a period in a country's demographic transition where the working-age population (typically between 15 and 64 years old) becomes larger relative to the dependent population (children and the elderly). This demographic shift occurs due to a decline in birth rates and improved healthcare, resulting in a higher proportion of individuals in the productive working-age group.
The demographic dividend is often seen as an opportunity for economic growth and development. With a larger working-age population, there is a potential for increased productivity, higher savings, and greater economic output. This can lead to improved living standards, poverty reduction, and overall economic advancement. However, realizing the demographic dividend requires appropriate policies and investments in areas such as education, healthcare, job creation, and skill development to harness the potential benefits.
Question : The "demographic dividend" refers to:
Option 1: A decrease in the population growth rate
Option 2: The economic benefits resulting from a young and growing population
Option 3: The decline in the working-age population
Option 4: The rise in the dependency ratio
Question : The "dependency ratio" refers to the ratio of:
Option 1: Employed individuals to unemployed individuals
Option 2: Working-age population to dependent population
Option 3: Labor force to working-age population
Option 4: Urban population to rural population
Question : Which demographic trend is most likely in a country experiencing rapid population growth?
Option 1: An aging population
Option 2: A decline in the working-age population
Option 3: A high youth population
Option 4: Low fertility rates
Question : The "brain gain" refers to:
Option 1: The migration of highly skilled individuals to other countries
Option 2: The loss of intellectual abilities due to aging
Option 3: The process of acquiring knowledge through formal education
Option 4: The increase in the population due to immigration
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