Dipole momment - Magnitude of charges .

Application of dipole moment -  It is used for calculating the charges and percentage of ionic character . Bond angle and arrangement of molecules in chemical bond can also be calculated.   Debye is the sign of dipole moment  it is actually a greek symbol.  Thanku for your question with regards careers360  .

Hi

Electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges, +q+q and −q−q , separated by a very small distance. Total charge of the dipole is zero but electric field of the dipole is not zero as charges q and -q are separated by some distance and electric field due to them when added is not zero.

When two electrical charges, of opposite sign and equal magnitude, are separated by a distance, an electric dipole is established. The size of a dipole is measured by its dipole moment ( μμ ). Dipole moment is measured in Debye units, which is equal to the distance between the charges multiplied by the charge (1 Debye equals 3.34×10−30Cm3.34×10−30Cm ).

Significance:

Atoms as a whole are electrically neutral in their ground state. We know that atoms have equal amount of positive and negative charge. Similar to atoms molecules are also neutral but they also have equal amount of positive and negative charges.

Now when in a system, algebraic sum of all the charges is zero it does not necessarily mean that electric field produced by the system is zero everywhere. This makes study of electric dipoles important for electrical phenomenon in matter.

I hope this helps.
Good Luck