Hello , Difference between strong and weak field ligands are as follows :

Strong Field Ligands :

• These ligands have more field strength
• These ligands may cause rearrangement of d electrons in metal
• They generally form low spin or inner orbital complexes
• For these ligands splitting energy > pairing energy

Weak Field Ligands :

• Ligands of less field strength
• These do not cause rearrangement of d electrons in metal.
• They generally form high spin or outer orbital complexes.
• For these ligands splitting energy < pairing energy.

Hello,

Limitations of Valence bond theory:

This theory has a number of limitations which are as follows :

• Has a number of assumptions.
• Does not give quatitative interpretation of magnetic data
• Does not explain the colour shown by complexes
• Could not predict tetrahedral or squareplanar shape for coordination number 4
• Could not distinguish between strong and weak field ligands

Even though it can explain many other things but it still has the above limitations.Hope this helps.

Hello ,

The shape of BF3 is bent T shaped and it can be explained using VSEPR theory as shown below :

• The central atom Br has seven electrons in valence shell
• There are three bond pairs and two lone pairs
• According to VSEPR theory, these will occupy the corners of trigonal bipyramid
• The two lone pairs will occupy the equitorial positions to minimize lone pair-lone pair repulsions which is greater the bp-bp repulsions
• The axial fluorine atoms will be bent towards the equitorial fluorine in order to minimize repulson .

Hope This Helps .

Hello ,

Brown ring test :

In brown ring test dilute FeSO4 is addedto an aqueous solution of nitrate ion.Concentrated H2SO4 is then added along the sided of the test tube. A brown ring is observed at the interface between the solution and H2SO4 layers indicates the presence of nitrate ion in the solution

NO3?  + 3Fe^+2 + 4H+ -----> NO + 3Fe^3+ + 2H2O

[Fe(H2O)6]^2+ + NO ------> [Fe(H2O)5(NO)]^2+ + H2O

Hello,

This Law of isomorphism or the law of isomorphism is the approximate law with suggest the Crystal composition that is composed of same number of similar elements tend to demonstrate isomorphism. This law can also be stated that the substances which have similar composition and same crystal structure with constant elctronic configuration are said to be isomorphous substances.

I hope your question has been answered properly.

All the best!

THERMAL Stability of alkaline metal carbonates and Alkaline earth metal carbonates

Group 2 -BeCO3<MgCO3<CaCO3 <SrCO3<BaCO3

Group 1 -Li2CO3<Na2CO3<KCO3<Rb2CO3<Cs2CO3

Li2CO3 Decomposes easily on heating to give CO2

Li2CO3 → Li2O + CO2

All other Group 1 elements can be easily decomposed.

GROUP 2 elements can be decomposed : Only more heat is required as we move down

Hope This Helps

Hello Student

CrO5 , also known as Chromium peroxide is synthesized in the following way from Potassium Dichromate:

KCr2O7 + H2SO4 + 4H2O2 -------Ice Cold Ether-----> K2SO4 + 2CrO5 + 5H2O

Note : Ether Stabilises CrO5 .

It is blue in colour and has butterfly structure .

Chromium is in +6 Oxidation state in CrO5.

Hello Student ,

Heat and pH have the following effects on Potassium Dichromate

Effect of Heat on K2Cr2O7 (Oxidation State of Cr remains constant)

4K2Cr2O7 ----Heat----> 4K2CrO4 + 2Cr2O3 + 3O2

Effect of pH on K2Cr2O7 (Oxidation State of Cr Remains Constant)

1. Cr2O7^ 2- + H2O ---pH = 8----> CrO4^ 2- + 2H+
2. CrO4^ 2- + 2H+ ---pH = 4----> Cr2O7^ 2- + H2O

Please note the Oxidation number of Cr is constant in both the cases .

Hello Student,

• Oxidane is the IUPAC name of the compound we are most familiar with i.e Water or H2O
• Azane is the IUPAC name of Ammonia or NH3
• Phosphane , is the IUPAC name of PH3 Which also belongs to group 15 like NH3.

The IUPAC name are not used commonly.

Hello Student ,

H2O2 or oxygenated water can be prepared in the following ways : -

1. Merk's Method - Na2O2 + H2SO4(Ice Cold, 20%) = Na2SO4 + H2O2
2. Laboratory Method - 3[BaO2.8H2O] + 2H3PO4 = Ba3(PO4)2 +  3H2O2 + 24H2O
3. Electrolysis of Cold 50% H2SO4
4. Other - BaO2.8H2O + H2O + CO2 = BaCO3 + H2O2 + 8H2O