Correct Answer: George Gabriel Stokes

Solution : The correct option is George Gabriel Stokes.

In 1851, George Gabriel Stokes, an Irish mathematician and physicist, founded the science of hydrodynamics with his law of viscosity. This seminal work described the motion of a small sphere through a viscous fluid, providing fundamental insights into fluid dynamics and paving the way for significant advancements in fluid mechanics. He also made significant contributions to fluid dynamics, optics, and the behaviour of waves, coining the term Stokes' Law for viscous drag in fluids.

Correct Answer: Jahangir

Solution : The correct answer is Jahangir.

Ghiyas Beg was a merchant from Iran. He was the father of Nur Jahan. Ghiyas Beg was appointed chief minister, or Wazir, by Jahangir upon his coronation as Mughal emperor. Jahangir gave his father-in-law the title of Itimad-ud-Daulah, or "Pillar of the Empire." Following her father's death in 1622, Nur Jahan placed an order for a mausoleum.

Correct Answer: P @ Q & R # S

Solution : Given:
A @ B means A is the husband of B.
A & B means A is the mother of B.
A # B means A is the wife of B.

Now, let's check the options –
First option: P @ Q & S # R

From the above family tree, it shows that P is the father of S.

Second option: Q @ P & R # S
According to the given information, the family tree will be –

From the above family tree, it shows that P is the mother-in-law of S.
Third option: P @ Q & R # S
According to the given information, the family tree will be –

From the above family tree, it is evident that the P is the father-in-law of S.
Fourth option: P @ Q & R & S
According to the given information, the family tree will be –

Here, the quadrilateral represents the male and the circular figure represents the female in the figure.
From the above family tree, it shows that P is the grandfather of S.

So, only the third option fulfils the relation as per the family tree. Hence, the third option is correct.

Correct Answer: Negative income effect is greater than substitution effect

Solution : Income effect is greater than substitution effect in giffen goods. Giffen goods are the exceptions to the law of demand.
GIffen goods are those incredibly subpar products that, even if their prices go down, their demand goes down. Giffen products have a strong negative income effect, which indicates that when buyer income rises, so does consumer demand for these products.
Hence option d is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: Mandatory spending is spending that is required by law, while discretionary spending is spending that is not required by law

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Mandatory spending is spending that is required by law, while discretionary spending is spending that is not required by law. 

Mandatory spending, also known as entitlement spending, refers to government expenditures that are determined by existing laws and obligations. These are typically programs like Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other mandatory benefit programs. The funding for mandatory spending is considered mandatory because it is required by the eligibility criteria and rules established in the legislation.

On the other hand, discretionary spending is spending that is determined by annual appropriation acts passed by Congress. It includes funding for various government agencies, defense, education, infrastructure, research, and other programs. Unlike mandatory spending, discretionary spending is subject to annual budget decisions and can be adjusted by Congress through the appropriations process.

To summarize, mandatory spending is legally required, while discretionary spending is subject to annual congressional appropriations.

Correct Answer: 1800

Solution : The correct option is 1808.

When we talk about Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes of gases, which was discovered in 1808 and published in 1809, we normally mean Gay-Lussac's law.

Correct Answer: George Simon Ohm

Solution : The correct option is G.S. Ohm.

The law of electric resistance is commonly attributed to George Simon Ohm. He formulated Ohm's Law, which describes the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit. Ohm's law is fundamental to the understanding of electrical circuits and is expressed by the equation V = I * R, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

Correct Answer: Restore law and order in Punjab

Solution : Correct Option: Option 2
Explanation: Operation Blue Star aimed to restore law and order in Punjab by removing Sikh militants from the Golden Temple.

Correct Answer: Teacher

Solution : According to the given information, the family tree is as follows –

Here, the quadrilateral represents the male, and the circular figure represents the female in the figure.

So, from the above family tree, P is a teacher by profession. Hence, the fourth option is correct.

Correct Answer: Nephew

Solution : As per the given information, the family tree will be as follows –

Here, the quadrilateral represents the male, and the circular figure represents the female in the figure.

So, from the above family tree, Ronit is the nephew of Mukesh. Hence, the second option is correct.