Yes, definitely! Unlike some of the examination like Joint Entrance Examination Main and Advances, there is no age limit or a cap on the number of attempts in National Eligibility cum Entrance Test or NEET. Many people join MBBS and the re-appear for NEET to get a better college. So answering your question, yes, you can give NEET 2023 after completing your first year in MBBS.

Hope I have answered your question. All the best!