To be a professor you must qualify UGC NET but for better career growth you should start preparing for Phd as well. As per UGC's one of the notifications, one must be Ph. D. if he wants to teach in a university or college. So, its better to start now. After completing your masters with min 55% you need to qualify a tests such as GATE/CSIR-NET/ JEST and TIFR /NEST /SLET etc. if you qualify written ,then you ‘ll be called for interview. In some university you ‘ll be required to undergo their separate written test and interview. Phd is offered in two modes:Part Time and Full Time

Part Time: A candidate has to attend classes on weekends.

Full Time: A candidate has to attend regular classes(5–6 days a week).

I am enlisting a few good colleges which are doing really well in this field of research. You can do it from: Delhi University, University of Hydrabad, Jadavpur University,Jawaharlal Nehru University,Lovely Professional University,Jamia Mililia Islamia University,Banaras Hindu University,Aligarh Muslim University,University of Mumbai,Christ university,MS Ramaiah University, The Maharaj Sayaji Rao University, Anna University, Indira Gandhi National Open University (New Delhi) 

See, to start teaching as a lecturer or a research assistant, you need to clear NET exam. Once you do that, you can apply in universities. PhD is the next step. You keep teaching and enroll in a university where your thesis are acceptable. ITs not a compulsion you clear PhD to became a Prof., you can start after clearing NET