Correct Answer: Prayer hall

Solution : The correct option is a Prayer hall.

A "chaitya" refers to a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing Buddhist relics. The term is derived from the Sanskrit word "chaitya", which means a place of worship or a shrine.

This prayer hall is divided into three parts, The Chaitya hall, The Vihara and The Stupa. They play a crucial role in Buddhist religious practices and are considered sacred sites for pilgrimage and meditation.

Correct Answer: Deccan

Solution : The correct answer is Deccan.

Most of the Bahmani structures in Gulbarga, Karnataka, are examples of Deccan architecture. During the Bahmani Sultanate, which ruled the Deccan from 1347 until 1527, the Deccan style gained prominence. The Haft Gumbad complex, which has seven tombs safeguarded by the Archaeological Survey of India and the Gulbarga Fort and Great Mosque, both located in Karnataka State, are the main components of Bahmani structures at Gulbarga.

Correct Answer: By proving the existence of an advanced urban culture

Solution : The discovery of the Harappan civilization challenged previous notions of ancient Indian history by proving the existence of an advanced urban culture, which was previously unknown and altered our understanding of the region's historical timeline.

Correct Answer: Karnataka

Solution : The correct option is Karnataka.

The Ravana Phadi cave in Aihole, Karnataka, is a prime example of early Chalukya-style architecture, renowned for its unique sculptural style. Carved in the 6th century, the cave features intricate carvings depicting various deities, animals, and mythological scenes. The distinctive blend of Dravidian and Nagara architectural elements showcases the artistic brilliance of the Chalukyan period.

Correct Answer: Amalaka

Solution : The correct answer is Amalaka.

The Amalaka is a distinctive stone disc atop the Hindu temple shikhara or main towers. Typically segmented with ridges on the rim, it holds symbolic significance. Some view it as a lotus, representing the deity's symbolic seat below. Alternatively, it is seen as a representation of the sun, serving as a gateway to the celestial realm.

Correct Answer: South Indian temple architecture

Solution : The correct option is South Indian temple architecture.

" Gopuram" describes the huge doorway or entrance tower in South Indian temple architecture. It is a characteristic that sets the Dravidian style of temple architecture apart and is usually quite noticeable. The primary entrance to the temple complex is marked by intricately adorned and ornate gopurams. 

Correct Answer: Harmika

Solution : The correct option is Harmika

The square or rectangular structure at the summit of a Buddhist stupa is referred to as a "harmika". It is a unique architectural feature that sits atop the stupa and is frequently interpreted as a metaphor for the gods' dwelling. The harmika is a raised platform, like a railing, situated above the stupa's main body.

Correct Answer: chaitya griha

Solution : The correct option is chaitya griha.

A Buddhist prayer hall or worship space is called a chaitya. A central nave, side aisles, and a stupa or shrine at one end are usually present. In chaityas, devotees would congregate for group worship, meditation, and religious rituals. Congregational activities were made possible by the design of chaityas.

Correct Answer: Ornamentation and grandeur

Solution : Correct Option: 2
Explanation: The Lotus Mahal in Hampi is an example of Indo-Islamic architecture, showcasing a blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural styles.