Architecture
Question : What is the stone-like disc seen at the top of the temple in Odisha and the nearby district's Temple architecture called?
Option 1: Kalasha
Option 2: Antarala
Option 3: Amalaka
Option 4: Jagati
Correct Answer: Amalaka
Solution : The correct answer is Amalaka.
The Amalaka is a distinctive stone disc atop the Hindu temple shikhara or main towers. Typically segmented with ridges on the rim, it holds symbolic significance. Some view it as a lotus, representing the deity's symbolic seat below. Alternatively, it is seen as a representation of the sun, serving as a gateway to the celestial realm.
Question : "Gopuram" or temple entrance is a feature of which temple architecture?
Option 1: South Indian temple architecture
Option 2: Buddhist architecture
Option 3: Jain architecture
Option 4: North Indian temple architecture
Correct Answer: South Indian temple architecture
Solution : The correct option is South Indian temple architecture.
" Gopuram" describes the huge doorway or entrance tower in South Indian temple architecture. It is a characteristic that sets the Dravidian style of temple architecture apart and is usually quite noticeable. The primary entrance to the temple complex is marked by intricately adorned and ornate gopurams.
Question : Which of the following terms is associated with the architecture of a Buddhist Stupa?
Option 1: Gopuram
Option 2: Harmika
Option 3: Garbhagriha
Option 4: Mandapam
Correct Answer: Harmika
Solution : The correct option is Harmika
The square or rectangular structure at the summit of a Buddhist stupa is referred to as a "harmika". It is a unique architectural feature that sits atop the stupa and is frequently interpreted as a metaphor for the gods' dwelling. The harmika is a raised platform, like a railing, situated above the stupa's main body.
Question : The monuments of Buddhist architecture were called ________prayer halls.
Option 1: pishtak
Option 2: vihara
Option 3: stupa
Option 4: chaitya griha
Correct Answer: chaitya griha
Solution : The correct option is chaitya griha.
A Buddhist prayer hall or worship space is called a chaitya. A central nave, side aisles, and a stupa or shrine at one end are usually present. In chaityas, devotees would congregate for group worship, meditation, and religious rituals. Congregational activities were made possible by the design of chaityas.
Question : The Vijayanagar Empire's architecture is known for its emphasis on:
Option 1: Symmetry and minimalism
Option 2: Ornamentation and grandeur
Option 3: Simplicity and functionality
Option 4: Modernism and innovation
Correct Answer: Ornamentation and grandeur
Solution : Correct Option: 2 Explanation: The Lotus Mahal in Hampi is an example of Indo-Islamic architecture, showcasing a blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural styles.
Question : Select the sentence which does NOT have a spelling error.
Option 1: The art and science of designing buildings is called architecchure.
Option 2: The art and science of designing buildings is called architecture.
Option 3: The art and science of designing buildings is called archtiecture.
Option 4: The art and science of designing buildings is called architectrue.
Correct Answer: The art and science of designing buildings is called architecture.
Solution : The second option is the correct answer.
The correct spelling is architecture which refers to the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, including the planning, design, and coordination of spaces and structures to meet specific aesthetic and functional objectives.
Therefore, the correct answer is: "The art and science of designing buildings is called architecture."
Question : The use of monolithic structures in Vijayanagar architecture is an example of:
Option 1: Influence of Islamic architecture
Option 2: Innovation in construction techniques
Option 3: Adoption of European architectural styles
Option 4: Influence of Buddhist architecture
Correct Answer: Innovation in construction techniques
Solution : Correct Option: 2 Explanation: The use of monolithic structures in Vijayanagar architecture is an example of innovation in construction techniques, as it demonstrates the skill and creativity of the builders in carving and shaping large single pieces of stone.
Question : The analysis of temple architecture in Hampi reveals:
Option 1: The economic decline of the Vijayanagar Empire
Option 2: The influence of religious beliefs on art and architecture
Option 3: The impact of climate change on construction materials
Option 4: The transition from traditional to modern building techniques
Correct Answer: The influence of religious beliefs on art and architecture
Solution : Correct Option: 2 Explanation: The analysis of temple architecture in Hampi reveals the influence of religious beliefs on art and architecture, as the design and decoration of temples reflect the spiritual and cultural values of the time.
Question : The visual documentation of Hampi's architecture has helped in:
Option 1: Reconstructing the original city layout
Option 2: Identifying the influence of foreign traders
Option 3: Understanding the social hierarchy of the empire
Option 4: Analyzing the construction techniques used
Correct Answer: Reconstructing the original city layout
Solution : Correct Option: 1 Explanation: The visual documentation of Hampi's architecture has helped in reconstructing the original city layout, providing insights into the urban planning and design of the Vijayanagar Empire.
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