Correct Answer: It enhances the knowledge and skills of individuals.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) It enhances the knowledge and skills of individuals. 

Education plays a vital role in developing and improving human capital, which refers to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and attributes that individuals possess and contribute to their productivity and potential economic contribution.

Through education, individuals acquire knowledge, learn new skills, develop critical thinking abilities, and gain a broader understanding of the world. Education equips individuals with the necessary tools to adapt to changing circumstances, engage in lifelong learning, and contribute effectively to the workforce and society.

Investments in education can lead to several benefits for individuals and societies. It enhances employability, increases productivity, and improves earning potential for individuals. Education also contributes to social mobility, reduces poverty, promotes social inclusion, and fosters economic growth and development.

Correct Answer: Address social discrimination

Solution : A key goal of non-electoral Dalit movements in India is to address social discrimination, as these movements focus on challenging caste-based inequalities and advocating for the rights and dignity of Dalit communities.

Correct Answer: Creating a class of English-educated Indians

Solution : The spread of modern education in India during the British period was aimed at creating a class of English-educated Indians who would serve the administrative needs of the colonial government.

Correct Answer: Social security benefits

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Social security benefits

Transfer payments refer to payments made by the government to individuals, households, or other entities without the expectation of receiving goods or services in return.

Social security benefits are a type of transfer payment provided by the government to support individuals who are retired, disabled, or otherwise eligible for specific social security programs. These benefits are typically intended to provide income support and financial assistance to eligible individuals or households.

Transfer payments are a significant component of government budgets, and they often include other types of payments such as welfare benefits, unemployment compensation, pensions, and subsidies to individuals or businesses. These payments aim to redistribute income, provide social support, or address specific economic or social needs within society.

Correct Answer: said

Solution : The third option is correct.

Said is the best fit here because it indicates the act of speaking, which is what Elena Lenskaya did during the 1992 U.S. congressional hearing. It's a neutral term that accurately represents the action of speaking.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• Told implies giving information or instructions to someone directly.
• Ordered means commanding or instructing someone with authority.
• Muted means silenced or made quieter.

Therefore, the correct answer is said.

Correct Answer: Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK).

Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is an institution in India that provides training and education to farmers on modern agricultural practices. KVKs are agricultural extension centers established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) to bridge the gap between scientists and farmers. They serve as knowledge and resource centers for disseminating agricultural technologies and providing training and education to farmers, rural youth, and other stakeholders.

KVKs conduct various capacity-building programs and demonstrations to promote the adoption of improved agricultural practices, crop diversification, integrated pest management, soil health management, water conservation techniques, and other sustainable farming methods. They also provide technical guidance, organize field days, farmer-scientist interactions, and disseminate information through publications and workshops.

KVKs play a crucial role in enhancing the knowledge and skills of farmers, empowering them to make informed decisions and adopt modern agricultural practices. They contribute to the overall agricultural development and rural empowerment in India.

Correct Answer: Reinforcing caste prejudices

Solution : The process of Sanskritisation in India is often criticized for reinforcing caste prejudices, as it involves the emulation of upper-caste practices by lower castes, perpetuating the hierarchical structure of the caste system.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is true, but statement 2 is false.
 

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Statement 1 is true, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is true. SEBI, as part of its development functions, focuses on investor education and training to enhance awareness and understanding of financial markets among investors. Educating and training investors is a key component of SEBI's efforts to develop the securities market.

Statement 2 is false. SEBI's development functions encompass a broader range of activities aimed at developing and promoting the securities market. While regulating credit rating agencies might be one aspect of its responsibilities, SEBI's development functions extend beyond this and include various initiatives to facilitate market growth, investor education, capacity building, and more.

Correct Answer: Adequate infrastructure in rural areas

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Adequate infrastructure in rural areas

In India, rural-urban migration is primarily driven by several factors, including the lack of employment opportunities in rural areas, better education facilities in urban areas, and limited access to healthcare services in rural areas. These factors create a pull towards urban areas, where individuals perceive better prospects for employment, education, and healthcare.

However, the factor mentioned in adequate infrastructure in rural areas - is not typically considered a cause of rural-urban migration. In fact, inadequate infrastructure in terms of roads, transportation, electricity, water supply, and other basic amenities is often cited as one of the challenges faced by rural areas, leading to migration in search of better living conditions and access to infrastructure in urban areas.

Correct Answer: education

Solution : The third option is correct.

In the context provided, the quote is discussing the need for reform. Elena Lenskaya's statement suggests that if they don't reform their education, they can't expect broader societal change.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• Politics refers to the activities associated with governance, such as decision-making within governments.
• Society refers to a group of individuals who live together in a community or a specific geographic area.
• Economy means the system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services within a region or country.

Therefore, the correct answer is education.