Correct Answer: Decisions should be based on data and scientific analysis.

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Decisions should be based on data and scientific analysis.

Decisions should be based on data and scientific analysis directly aligns with the principle of "Science, not the rule of thumb," emphasizing the importance of making decisions based on evidence, data, and scientific methods.

In summary, the principle of "Science, not the rule of thumb" advocates for making decisions based on data and scientific analysis rather than relying on intuition or subjective judgments.

Correct Answer: Enhancing communication and coordination

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Enhancing communication and coordination.

Enhancing communication and coordination is a crucial role for a supervisor. Effective supervisors facilitate clear communication within the team, ensuring that everyone is informed about goals, expectations, and procedures. Additionally, they coordinate efforts to ensure tasks are performed efficiently and aligned with organizational objectives.

Overall, enhancing communication and coordination is a key role of a supervisor that contributes to a more productive and harmonious work environment at XYZ Electronics.

Correct Answer: Misunderstandings and conflicts

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Misunderstandings and conflicts.

Effective communication is crucial in preventing misunderstandings and conflicts within a workplace. By emphasizing clear and open communication, the supervisor at XYZ Electronics aims to ensure that information is conveyed accurately, expectations are understood, and potential conflicts are mitigated. It helps in building trust, fostering a positive work environment, and promoting teamwork. Effective communication supports employee development, facilitates adherence to appropriate procedures, and encourages innovation and creativity through sharing ideas and feedback.

Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Initiative

The principle of "Initiative" in management encourages employees to take proactive steps, make suggestions, and propose innovative ideas to improve processes, products, or services within the organization. ABC Electronics encouraging its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas aligns with the principle of initiative, fostering a culture of creativity, innovation, and active participation among its workforce.

Correct Answer: Guiding and supervising employees towards achieving objectives

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Guiding and supervising employees towards achieving objectives.

The directing process involves providing guidance, instruction, support, and supervision to employees to ensure that they understand their roles and responsibilities and are working effectively towards achieving the organization's objectives. It aims to align individual and team efforts with the goals and vision of the organization. The directing process is intended to lead and coordinate employees, enabling them to contribute to organizational success while fostering collaboration and effective communication.

Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Initiative.

Initiative is a fundamental principle of management that encourages employees to take proactive steps and suggest innovative ideas or improvements in their work environment. In this case study, ABC Electronics is encouraging its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas, which aligns with the principle of initiative. Initiative involves encouraging employees to take the first step or be proactive in suggesting improvements, new approaches, or innovative ideas. ABC Electronics is fostering an environment where employees feel empowered to come forward with their ideas, making this an application of the initiative principle.

Correct Answer: Diversify its product portfolio
  

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Diversify its product portfolio

Entrepreneurship development involves fostering innovation, creating new products or services, and adapting to changing market demands. XYZ Electronics demonstrated entrepreneurship development by investing in research and development to create cutting-edge smart gadgets, diversifying its product portfolio to meet evolving consumer preferences.

Correct Answer: Event Marketing

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Event Marketing. 

By sponsoring a local charity event and having its logo featured on promotional materials, ABC Electronics is engaging in event marketing. Event marketing involves promoting a brand or product through participation or sponsorship of events, which can enhance brand visibility, create positive associations, and connect with the target audience present at the event. Trade shows, samples, and loyalty programs are different forms of sales promotion with distinct strategies and goals.

Correct Answer: Cost-Plus Pricing

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Cost-Plus Pricing. 

ABC Electronics sets its prices based on market demand, competitor pricing, and production costs. Cost-Plus Pricing involves calculating the total cost to produce a product or service and then adding a markup (a certain percentage or amount) to cover desired profit. In this scenario, ABC Electronics considers production costs (the "cost" part of cost-plus pricing), along with market demand and competitor pricing, to determine the appropriate pricing for their electronic products.

Correct Answer: Marketing Concept

Solution : The correct answer is  (c) Marketing Concept

The marketing concept focuses on understanding and meeting customers' needs and preferences by analyzing market trends and implementing innovative marketing strategies. It is customer-centric and aims to deliver superior value to customers in order to achieve the organization's goals and objectives.