Correct Answer: It ensures efficient use of resources.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) It ensures efficient use of resources.

Controlling is important in an organization for several reasons, and one of the key reasons is that it ensures efficient use of resources. Controlling helps monitor and assess the use of resources such as financial, material, and human resources. By comparing actual performance with planned objectives, managers can identify any inefficiencies, wastage, or deviations from the desired outcomes. This allows them to take corrective actions and make adjustments to optimize the utilization of resources.

Correct Answer: The effectiveness of humans

Solution : The correct choice is the second option.

The passage describes how being social has become a fundamental need, and it highlights the effectiveness of humans in generating, communicating, and transferring thoughts and knowledge through social media in digital environments. The term "social" is used to emphasise the capacity of individuals to interact, connect, and engage with others, showcasing their effectiveness in utilising communication tools and platforms.

Therefore, the correct answer is the effectiveness of humans.

Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.

The assertion is true. An organization's structure does determine the flow of authority and communication. The organizational structure, whether hierarchical, flat, matrix, etc., defines the formal relationships and channels through which authority is delegated and communication flows within the organization.

The reason is false. The organizational structure does impact the decision-making process within the organization. The structure can influence how decisions are made, who is involved in the decision-making process, and how information is communicated for effective decision-making. The decision-making process is inherently linked to the organization's structure and cannot be separated from it.

Correct Answer: Propagation of rumors and misinformation

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Propagation of rumors and misinformation

A demerit of informal communication at XYZ Corporation is the potential for the propagation of rumors and misinformation. Informal communication tends to spread rapidly through informal channels and can sometimes convey inaccurate or misleading information, leading to misunderstandings and rumors within the organization. This can negatively impact employee morale, trust, and overall organizational culture. Informal communication often provides flexibility and fosters employee engagement. However, due to its informal and unstructured nature, it may lack accuracy and precision compared to formal communication channels.

Correct Answer: Downward communication
 

Solution : Downward communication refers to flow to information from higher to lower level in the organization hierarchy. The main purpose of this communication is to communicate policies, orders, instructions to subordinates.

Hence Option A is correct.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.
 

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is correct. Effective communication is a fundamental factor in fostering teamwork within any group or organization. Clear and open communication helps team members understand goals, roles, expectations, and feedback, promoting collaboration and a positive team dynamic.

Statement 2 is false. Effective communication has a significant impact on team dynamics. It influences how team members interact, collaborate, and function as a cohesive unit. Well-established communication channels, sharing of information, active listening, and respectful communication all contribute to positive team dynamics.

Correct Answer: rare

Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.

The sentence talks about traders travelling long distances to buy commodities that were not easily available or common in their homelands. The word rare fits in this context, indicating that the commodities were not commonly found or abundant in their homelands, hence motivating traders to travel for them.

The meanings of other options are as follows:

• Plentiful means abundance, or being easily available in large quantities.
• Common means frequently found or widespread.
• Preserved means to be kept in its original state or protected from harm or decay.

Correct Answer: a piece of cake for me

Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.

The most suitable idiom to complete the sentence is a piece of cake for me. This idiom conveys that the task of cracking any interview is expected to be very easy for the speaker, indicating confidence in his technical and communication skills.

Therefore, the complete sentence would be: I have all the technical and communication skills necessary to crack any interview; it will be a piece of cake for me.

Correct Answer: progress

Solution : The correct choice is the third option.

Progress means forward movement or advancement, which leads to positive change and is exactly the concept being discussed in the passage. It relates to the idea of improving one's language skills.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• Pitch: It refers to the level or degree of something, such as the level of sound, a sales pitch, or the angle at which something is set.

• Complacency: It is a feeling of self-satisfaction and contentment, often without being aware of potential dangers or problems.

• Stamina: It is the physical or mental strength and endurance to sustain a prolonged effort or activity.

Correct Answer: Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

The Assertion is true. Communication barriers, such as language differences, lack of clarity, noise, hierarchy, and cultural differences, can impede effective communication and obstruct the smooth flow of information within an organization.

The Reason is false. Language differences are considered a communication barrier precisely because they can hinder understanding among employees, not facilitate it. Effective communication requires a common understanding of the language or a means to bridge language differences to ensure clear and accurate communication.