Correct Answer: Marketing Concept

Solution : The correct answer is  (c) Marketing Concept

The marketing concept focuses on understanding and meeting customers' needs and preferences by analyzing market trends and implementing innovative marketing strategies. It is customer-centric and aims to deliver superior value to customers in order to achieve the organization's goals and objectives.

Correct Answer: By reducing production costs.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) By reducing production costs.

Implementing effective control measures can help XYZ Electronics maintain product quality and meet customer expectations. By closely monitoring and managing various aspects of the production process, they can identify and rectify any issues that might arise. This can lead to improved efficiency and a reduction in production costs over time. This approach ensures that the company's resources are utilized effectively, minimizing waste and maximizing output quality.

Correct Answer: Measurable and specific goals

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Measurable and specific goals

Having measurable and specific goals is crucial for effective planning. Clear objectives provide a basis for making decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating progress. Measurable and specific goals allow the company to track performance and determine whether they are moving in the right direction. This clarity helps in focusing efforts, facilitating communication, and ensuring that everyone in the organization understands what needs to be achieved. 

Correct Answer: Relationship Building

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Relationship Building.

Relationship Building in personal selling involves the effort to establish and nurture strong, ongoing relationships with customers. In this scenario, ABC Electronics' sales representatives maintain contact with customers even after a sale to ensure their satisfaction, emphasizing the importance of building and maintaining long-term relationships. This approach involves engaging with customers, understanding their needs and concerns, and providing continued support and service to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. Building strong relationships with customers is crucial for fostering trust, encouraging repeat business, and generating positive word-of-mouth referrals.

Correct Answer: Misunderstandings and reduced productivity

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Misunderstandings and reduced productivity.

Effective communication is vital in any workplace, including XYZ Electronics. When a supervisor lacks proper communication skills, it can lead to misunderstandings among team members, confusion regarding tasks and objectives, and a decrease in overall productivity. Clear communication ensures that everyone is on the same page, understands their roles and responsibilities, and can work efficiently towards common goals. Effective communication is key to achieving coordination, motivation, and avoiding misunderstandings and reduced productivity.

Correct Answer: Evaluating alternatives

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Evaluating alternatives

Before setting objectives and goals, identifying potential risks, or allocating resources, it's essential for XYZ Manufacturing Company to assess and evaluate different alternatives or options for the new line of smart home appliances. This involves considering various factors such as product features, market demand, competitive landscape, and potential challenges and opportunities associated with each alternative. Once the company has a clear understanding of the available options, it can then proceed to set objectives, identify risks, and allocate resources based on the chosen alternative.

Correct Answer: Planning and controlling are simultaneous processes.

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Planning and controlling are simultaneous processes.

In reality, planning and controlling are not strictly sequential processes where one comes before the other. They are closely interconnected and often occur simultaneously. While planning involves setting goals, defining strategies, and allocating resources, controlling is about monitoring actual performance, comparing it to the planned objectives, and making adjustments if necessary. 

In the context of XYZ Electronics, as they aim to maintain product quality and meet customer expectations, planning helps them establish quality standards and customer satisfaction goals. Controlling then involves monitoring the production processes and product quality in real-time to ensure that they align with the established standards and goals. If any deviations or issues arise during production, immediate corrective actions can be taken.

Correct Answer: Electronics and Information Technology

Solution : The correct option is Electronics and Information Technology.

Under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is a statutory body. The UIDAI is in charge of carrying out the Aadhaar project, which entails providing Indian citizens with unique identity numbers, or Aadhaar numbers. Every resident will receive a unique identification through the Aadhaar initiative, which may be utilized for a range of public and private sector activities.

Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Initiative

The principle of "Initiative" in management encourages employees to take proactive steps, make suggestions, and propose innovative ideas to improve processes, products, or services within the organization. ABC Electronics encouraging its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas aligns with the principle of initiative, fostering a culture of creativity, innovation, and active participation among its workforce.

Correct Answer: Exclusive Distribution

Solution : the correct answer is (c) Exclusive Distribution

Exclusive distribution is a type of distribution strategy in which a manufacturer sells its products to a limited number of retailers who have the exclusive right to sell those products in a specific geographic area. This type of distribution strategy is often used for high-end products, such as luxury cars and jewelry, where the manufacturer wants to maintain control over the distribution of its products and ensure that they are sold in a high-quality environment.