Question : There are few words missing in the passage given below. The options given contain an answer that will fit in those given blanks. Choose the correct word to be used to make the sentence coherent and grammatically correct.

On April 1,2022 Pope Francis apologized  to First Nations, Inuit and Métis 1) ____________________, he acknowledged the amount of harm done by residential schools in Canada and marking a significant step in the church admitting its role in the 2) _________________ of Indigenous communities and children. Although the apology  was very important but it also raised questions as what it means when a pope apologises.

For once it is unthinkable that pope will apologise, as for accepting the fault  would mean that the church was 3) ___________________. However, the Second Vatican Council, an  assembly of bishops, cardinals, heads of religious orders and 4) ___________________ that met from 1962 to 1965 contributed towards the modernization of the church  shifted the church’s perspective on change and 5) _____________________ major changes. It also paved the way of admitting the fault.

Choose the correct word to be used in the blank 1

Option 1: typically
 

Option 2: delegations
 

Option 3: paradigm

Option 4:  dictum

Question : The major source of indoor air pollution in developing countries is:

Option 1: Industrial emissions

Option 2: Cooking fuels like wood and dung

Option 3: Vehicular emissions

Option 4: Power plant emissions

Question : What was a major criticism of the suspension of Five-year Plans in India?

Option 1: It led to over-dependence on foreign aid.

Option 2: It hindered long-term economic planning.

Option 3: It resulted in excessive privatization of industries.

Option 4: It caused a decline in agricultural productivity.

Question : What is the major cause of the 'October heat'?

Option 1: Hot and dry weather.

Option 2: Very low-velocity winds.

Option 3: Low-pressure systems over the Indo-Gangetic plains.

Option 4: High temperatures are associated with high humidity.

Question : Comprehension:

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

The drainage systems of India are mainly controlled by the broad relief features of the subcontinent. Accordingly, the Indian rivers are divided into two major groups: the Himalayan rivers; and the Peninsular rivers.
 

Apart from originating from the two major physiographic regions of India, the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers are different from each other in many ways. Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial. It means that they have water throughout the year. These rivers receive water from rain as well as from melted snow from the lofty mountains. The major Himalayan rivers are the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. These rivers are long and are joined by many large and important tributaries. A river along with its tributaries may be called a river system. The two major Himalayan rivers, the Indus and the Brahmaputra originate from the north of the mountain ranges. They cut through the mountains making gorges in the upper course. The perennial Himalayan rivers have long courses from their source to the sea. They perform intensive erosional activity in their upper courses and carry huge loads of silt and sand with their swift current. In the middle and the lower courses, these rivers form meanders, oxbow lakes, levees, and many other depositional features in their floodplains as their speed slackens. They also have well-developed deltas.
 

A large number of the Peninsular rivers like the Godavari, Kaveri, and Krishna are seasonal, as their flow is dependent on rainfall. During the dry season when it doesn’t rain, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels. The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. However, some of them originate in the central highlands and flow towards the west. Most of the rivers of peninsular India originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal.

Question:

Which of these statements is NOT true about perennial rivers?

Option 1: They have a very short dry season.

Option 2: They cover very long distances till they reach the sea.

Option 3: Most of them originate in the Himalayas.

Option 4: They have well developed deltas.

Question : Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

Clean India Mission is one of the most (1) _____ and popular missions to have taken place in India. This mission includes a reward to a state and a city. This encourages every citizen to keep the surroundings clean. This cleanliness campaign was (2) _____ by the Indian government at the national level, (3) _____ all the rural towns and urban cities. Its primary objective is to spread awareness of the importance of cleanliness. Slogans are written on the banners and pictures are painted in a very attractive manner to evoke the feeling of cleanliness. After that, a major objective was to teach citizens to (4) _____ of waste mindfully and to provide basic (5) _____ facilities. For this, wet and dry dustbins are kept by every citizen whether it is home or office.    Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank number 2.

Option 1: governed

Option 2: rehearsed

Option 3: dominated

Option 4: unorganised

Question : As a Morally and physically weak Roman empire crumbled, Morally and physically strong teutonic barbarians overran the lends that once were pride of the Latins. The visigoths overran Spain, And vandals overran North Africa. The Francs overran Gaul, the angels and saxons overran Britain and the ostrogroths overran Italy. These invasions brought about the lowest ebb in literature and learning known to history.

Out of pagan and immoral Rome, Christianity and asceticism grew and thrived, certain individuals became incensed with immorality and Worldliness that existed in Roman society. They would not worship the Roman gods attend the bath or visit the games. They thought that all sorts of physical activity were foolish pursuits in that they designed to improve the body. They preached that the body and mind were distinct and separate entities in man and one had no bearing on the other. The Christian imperial theodosius abolished the Olympic games A.D.394 as being pagan.

Christianity believed that evil exists in the body, therefore, it should be subordinated to the spirit, which is pure. The body is possessed of the devil and should be tortured. Sach practices led to poor health and shattered nervous system on the part of many. As Christianity spread monasteries were built where Christians could isolate themselves from the world and its evils. Later schools were attached to these monasteries but early Christianity would not allow physical education to become a part of the curriculum. The medieval University also frowned physical education.

Another influence that has had a major impact on the history of physical education is scholasticism-the belief that facts are the most essential items is one's education. The key to a successful life is knowing the facts and developing one's mental and intellectual powers. Scholasticism the emphasized the physical as an unimportant and unnecessary. The moment developed among the scholarship and the universities of the medieval ages.

The Olympic games were abolished by :

Option 1: Romans

Option 2: Greeks

Option 3: Christians

Option 4: Latins

Question : Gandhiji’s first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in ______.

Option 1: January 1918

Option 2: September 1915

Option 3: December 1917

Option 4: February 1916

Question : What was a major criticism of the 'Garibi Hatao' campaign?

Option 1: Lack of focus on rural development

Option 2: Ineffective implementation

Option 3: Neglect of industrial growth

Option 4: Overemphasis on social welfare

Question : Comprehension:

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

The drainage systems of India are mainly controlled by the broad relief features of the subcontinent. Accordingly, the Indian rivers are divided into two major groups: the Himalayan rivers; and the Peninsular rivers.
 

Apart from originating from the two major physiographic regions of India, the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers are different from each other in many ways. Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial. It means that they have water throughout the year. These rivers receive water from rain as well as from melted snow from the lofty mountains. The major Himalayan rivers are the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. These rivers are long and are joined by many large and important tributaries. A river along with its tributaries may be called a river system. The two major Himalayan rivers, the Indus and the Brahmaputra originate from the north of the mountain ranges. They cut through the mountains making gorges in the upper course. The perennial Himalayan rivers have long courses from their source to the sea. They perform intensive erosional activity in their upper courses and carry huge loads of silt and sand with their swift current. In the middle and the lower courses, these rivers form meanders, oxbow lakes, levees, and many other depositional features in their floodplains as their speed slackens. They also have well-developed deltas.
 

A large number of the Peninsular rivers like the Godavari, Kaveri, and Krishna are seasonal, as their flow is dependent on rainfall. During the dry season when it doesn’t rain, even the large rivers have reduced flow of water in their channels. The Peninsular rivers have shorter and shallower courses as compared to their Himalayan counterparts. However, some of them originate in the central highlands and flow towards the west. Most of the rivers of peninsular India originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal.

Question:

Which of these is NOT a depositional feature found in the lower course of a river?

Option 1: Levee

Option 2: Gorge

Option 3: Oxbow lake

Option 4: Meander