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Get UpdatesAMU Entrance Test 2024 - Aligarh Muslim University will close the AMU UG 2024 registration on April 12. The university has announced the AMU 2024 entrance exam dates in online mode. As per the university, the AMU 2024 entrance test will be conducted from June 8 to 10. The Aligarh Muslim University has started the AMU PG 2024 application process on March 21, with a deadline of April 16.
Latest: AMU Application Form 2024 Out
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Earlier, the university had released the AMU 2024 application form for UG programmes on March 17 in online mode at amucontrollerexam.com. The application form for AMU UG can be filled out till April 12, 2024. Candidates wishing to appear for the AMU entrance exam can also fill out the application form till April 19, 2024 with a late fee of Rs 300. Candidates appearing for the exam must check the eligibility criteria of AMU entrance test 2024 before filling the application form.
The application process of AMU entrance test 2024 comprises registration, filling details in application form, uploading documents, payment of fee and more. Only Applicants who filled the AMU entrance test 2024 application form before the deadline will be able to download the AMU entrance test admit card a few days before the exam. For Aligarh Muslim University admissions to UG and PG courses, the candidates should register themselves using their login credentials - email id and password.
Applicants preparing for the exam can refer to the AMU entrance test syllabus 2024 for their preparations. It is important to be aware of the topics covered in the AMU entrance test syllabus and to plan accordingly. Candidates can also refer to the AMU entrance test 2024 exam pattern and previous year question papers to get an idea of the type of questions asked in the exam. This will help them prepare more efficiently and increase their chances of getting a good score in AMU entrance examination.
After the conclusion of the exam, the exam conducting authority will release the AMU entrance test provisional answer key at the official website. Applicants must check the AMU 2024 answer key carefully and raise any objections if they find any discrepancies in the key. AMU will release the AMU 2024 final answer key and result after considering all the objections. This will be the final result and no further objections will be accepted. Shortlisted candidates on the basis of AMU entrance test results will be called for AMU 2024 counselling.
Contact details -
Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
Email - amupro@amu.ac.in
Phone no. - +91-571 27009201
| Full Exam Name | Aligarh Muslim University Entrance Exam |
| Short Exam Name | AMU Entrance Test |
| Conducting Body | Aligarh Muslim University |
| Frequency of Conduct | Once a year |
| Exam Level | University Level Exam |
| Languages | English |
| Mode of Application | Online |
| Mode of Exam | Offline |
| Mode of Counselling | Online |
| Participating Colleges | 2 |
| Exam Duration | 2 Hours |
Upcoming Dates and Events
08 Jun, 2024 - 10 Jun, 2024
Exam | Mode: Offline
Past Dates and Events
23 Apr, 2024
Late Fee Application - PG programmes | Mode: Online
19 Apr, 2024
Late Fee Application - UG programmes | Mode: Online
21 Mar, 2024 - 16 Apr, 2024
Application - PG programmes | Mode: Online
17 Mar, 2024 - 12 Apr, 2024
Application - UG programmes | Mode: Online
Applications for Admissions are open.
The exam conducting authority has released the AMU entrance test eligibility criteria in online mode. Applicants appearing for the exam must check the AMU entrance exam eligibility criteria before filling out the application form. The eligibility criteria of AMU entrance exam comprise an age limit, educational qualification and other parameters. AMU entrance test 2024 eligibility criteria was released separately for all the courses offered by the university. For more details, candidates can check the course-wise eligibility criteria of AMU entrance exam from below.
Candidates will have to meet following eligibility criteria of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for BTech admissions in Aligarh Muslim University. Inability to satisfy the eligibility criteria will lead to the disqualification of the candidates. The AMU Entrance Test 2024 eligibility criteria for B.Tech is listed below:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
The candidates should have passed Senior Secondary School Certificate or an equivalent exam with at least 50% marks in aggregate with English, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics.
OR
Diploma in Engineering with at least 50% marks in aggregate.
Candidates will have to meet eligibility criteria of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for BA LLB to participate in the examination. Listed below is the AMU BA LLB 2024 eligibility criteria:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
Candidates should have passed Senior Secondary School Certificate or an equivalent examination with an aggregate not less than 50% of the total marks.
OR
Bridge Course (for Graduates of Deeni Madaris) from AMU with 50% aggregate marks
It is important for the candidates to read and fulfil the AMU Entrance Test eligibility criteria. The following criteria have to be met to be eligible for the entrance exam:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
Candidates should have qualified Senior Secondary School Certificate or an equivalent examination with at least 50% marks in aggregate of English and three subjects from amongst Accountancy, Arabic, Banking, Biology, Biotechnology, Business Organization, Business Studies, Chemistry, Commerce, Computer Science, Economics, Education, English, Fine Arts, Geography, Hindi, History, Home Science, Islamic Studies, Mathematics, Persian, Philosophy, Physical Health Education, Physics, Political Science/Civics, Psychology, Sanskrit, Sociology, Statistics, Urdu and Modern Indian Languages (Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi and Kashmiri).
OR
Bridge Course (for Graduates of Deeni Madaris) from AMU with at least 50% marks.
OR
Degree/Sanad from recognized Madrasa/Institution with at least 50% marks
The candidates will have to satisfy the following AMU entrance test 2024 eligibility criteria for B.Com Hons to participate in the admission process:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
The candidates should have qualified Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination (Commerce) or an equivalent exam with minimum 55% aggregate marks in English and Accounts and two subjects among Economics, Business Studies, Business Organization, Commerce, Banking, Entrepreneurship, Mathematics and/or Statistics.
OR
Diploma in Secretarial Practice examination of this University with not less than 55% marks (in theory subjects only)in aggregate.
The following eligibility criteria of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for B.Sc. Hons. has to be fulfilled by the candidates for admissions:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
The candidates should have qualified a Senior Secondary School Certificate or an equivalent examination with at least 50% aggregate marks in English and three subjects amongst Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Biology, Home Science, Agriculture.
To participate in the admission process, the candidates will have to meet the following eligibility criteria of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for B.Arch programme.
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 24 years
The candidates should have passed Senior Secondary School Certificate or an equivalent exam with at least 50% marks in aggregate of English, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics.
OR
Diploma in Engineering with at least 50% aggregate marks
All candidates will have to meet the eligibility criteria of AMU Entrance Test for LLM as given below to participate in the admission process:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 27 years
The candidates should have qualified the LLB/B.A.LL.B examination of AMU or an equivalent examination recognized by a recognized university with not less than 55% marks.
The following eligibility criteria of AMU entrance test 2024 has to be satisfied by the candidates for admissions in MCA course:
Age Limit – The maximum age limit is 27 years
Candidates should have qualified B.Tech/B.Arch/B.E. with aggregate 55% marks.
OR
Bachelor's Degree in Science from a recognized university with 55% marks in aggregate and should have studied Mathematics along with any two of the following subjects – Statistics, Physics, Chemistry, Computer Application, Computer Maintenance, Information Technology as main or subsidiary subjects at the qualifying exam.
Candidates should have studied Physics and Mathematics in the Senior Secondary School Certificate or its equivalent course.
Mode of Application : Online
Mode of Payment : Net Banking | Credit Card | Debit Card
The Aligarh Muslim University will close the AMU UG registration 2024 on April 12. The university has started the AMU 2024 application process for PG courses on March 21. The university has released the AMU 2024 application for UG programmes on its official website on March 17. Applicants have to fill the AMU entrance test 2024 application form from the official website - amucontrollerexams.com. Candidates must check the eligibility criteria before filling the AMU admission form 2024. The application form of AMU 2024 will be available in online mode only. To appear for the AMU entrance test 2024, applicants must fill out the application form before the last date. Steps to fill AMU admission form 2024 are given below.
How to Fill AMU Application Form 2024?
Candidates can refer to the steps to fill the application form of AMU entrance test 2024 from below.
Registration: The first step is to complete the AMU entrance test 2024 registration using basic details like email ID, mobile number and other details. Upon successful registration, candidates will get the login username and password on their registered email ID.
Filling application form: The next step is to login using valid credentials and filling the application form. Applicants have to fill the personal, academic and contact information in the application form of AMU 2024.
Uploading documents: After filling details in the application, applicants have to upload the required documents in the AMU 2024 application form. Candidates have to upload a scanned image of photograph, signature and left thumb impression in JPG/ JPEG format.
Payment of fee: The next step is to pay the AMU 2024 application fee in online mode. Applicants will be able to pay the AMU entrance test fee through internet banking, credit card and debit cards.
Preview and submit the application form: The final step is to preview all the details and submit the application form.
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST, OBC, SC, EWS, General | PWD | Online | Male, Transgender, Female | ₹ 750 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC, General, OBC, ST | PWD | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 650 |
| SC, General, OBC, ST | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 650 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST, OBC, SC, EWS, General | Online | Male, Transgender, Female | ₹ 600 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST, OBC, SC, EWS, General | Online | Male, Transgender, Female | ₹ 600 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST, OBC, SC, EWS, General | Online | Male, Transgender, Female | ₹ 600 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC, General, OBC, ST | PWD | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 850 |
| SC, General, OBC, ST | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 850 |
| Category | Quota | Mode | Gender | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC, General, OBC, ST | PWD | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 450 |
| SC, General, OBC, ST | Online | Male, Female | ₹ 450 |
Physical world and measurement |
|---|
| Physics-scope and excitement, nature of physical laws; physics, technology and society |
| Need for measurement: Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, errors in measurement; significant figures |
| Need for measurement: Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications |
Kinematics |
|---|
| Frame of reference |
| Motion in a straight line: Position-time graph, speed and velocity |
| Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity |
| Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment) |
| Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion |
| Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors |
| Relative velocity |
| Unit vector; resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular components |
| Motion in a plane |
| Cases of uniform velocity and uniform accelerationprojectile motion |
| Uniform circular motion |
Laws of motion |
|---|
| Intuitive concepts of force |
| Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law of motion |
| Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications |
| Equilibrium of concurrent forces |
| Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction |
| Lubrication, dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road) |
Work, energy and power |
|---|
| Scalar product of vectors |
| Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power |
| Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces: Conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions |
Motion of system of particles and rigid body |
|---|
| Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conversation and centre of mass motion |
| Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod |
| Vector product of vectors; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples |
| Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion |
| Comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration |
| Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects (no derivation) |
| Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications |
Gravitation |
|---|
| Keplar’s laws of planetary motion |
| The universal law of gravitation |
| Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth |
| Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential |
| Escape velocity |
| Orbital velocity of a satellite |
| Geo-stationary satellites |
Properties of bulk matter |
|---|
| Elastic behaviour, stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity |
| Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes) |
| Effect of gravity on fluid pressure |
| Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow |
| Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications |
| Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and capillary rise |
| Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; change of state-latent heat |
| Heat transferconduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics) |
| Heat, work, and internal energy |
| First law of thermodynamics |
| Isothermal and adiabatic process |
| Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes |
| Heat engines and refrigerators |
Behaviour of perfect gas and kinetic theory |
|---|
| Equation of state of perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas |
| Kinetic theory of gases-assumptions, concept of pressure |
| Kinetic Interpretation of temperature; RMS speed of gas molecules; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heats of gases; concept of mean free path, Avogadro’s number |
Oscillations and waves |
|---|
| Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time |
| Periodic functions |
| Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M) and its equation; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M.-kinetic and potential energies; simple pendulum-derivation of expression for its time period |
| Free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance |
| Wave motion |
| Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion |
| Displacement relation for a progressive wave |
| Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, beats, Doppler effect |
Electrostatics |
|---|
| Electric charges, conservation of charge, Coulomb’s low-force between two point charges forces between multiple charges, superposition principle and continuous charge distribution |
| Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole electric field due to a dipole torque on a dipole in uniform electric field |
| Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire uniformly charges infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside) |
| Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charge; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field |
| Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor |
| Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor |
Current electricity |
|---|
| Electric current flow of electric chargers in a metallic conductor drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s Law electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power |
| Electrical resistivity and conductivity |
| Carbon resistors colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance |
| Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and EMF of a cell combination of cells in series and in parallel |
| Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications |
| Wheatstone bridge and metre bridge |
| Potentiometer-principle and its applications to measure potential difference and for comparing EMF of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell |
Magnetic effects of current and magnetism |
|---|
| Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment |
| Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop |
| Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids |
| Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields |
| Cyclotron |
| Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field |
| Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere |
| Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter |
| Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment |
| Magnetic dipole, moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis |
| Torque on magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid magnetic field line; earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements para-, dia-, and ferro- magnetic substances, with examples |
| Electromagnets and factors of affecting their strengths |
| Permanent magnets |
Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents |
|---|
| Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law |
| Induced EMF and current; Lenz’s law, Eddy current self and mutual induction |
| Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating; current/ voltage, reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in A.C. circuits wattles current |
| A.C. generator and transformer |
Electromagnetic waves |
|---|
| Displacement current, electromagnetic wave and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only), transverse nature of electromagnetic waves |
| Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, xrays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses |
Optics |
|---|
| Reflection of light spherical mirrors, mirror formula refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses thin lens formula lens maker’s formula |
| Magnification power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contract |
| Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism |
| Scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset |
| Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refraction) and their magnifying powers |
| Waves optics: Wave front and Huygens principle reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference |
| Waves optics: Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes |
| Waves optics: Polarization, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law. Uses of plane polarized light and polaroids |
Dual nature of matter and radiation |
|---|
| Dual nature of radiation, photoelectric, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light |
| Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation |
| Davission-germer experiment |
Atoms and nuclei |
|---|
| Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels hydrogen spectrum |
| Composition and size of nucleus, radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their properties; radioactive decay law, mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission |
| Nuclear fusion |
Electronic devices |
|---|
| Semiconductors; semiconductor diode-I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode: Zener diode as a voltage regulator |
| Junction transistor, transistor action characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) |
| Logic gates (or, and, not, nand and nor) |
Communication systems |
|---|
| Elements of a communication system (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium |
| Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation |
| Need for modulation |
| Amplitude-modulate wave |
Some basic concepts of chemistry |
|---|
| General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry |
| Historical approach to particulate nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: Concept of elements, atoms and molecules |
| Atomic and molecular masses |
| Mole concept and molar mass; percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry |
Structure of atom |
|---|
| Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number, isotopes and isobars |
| Thompson’s model and its limitations, Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, De Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| Concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms |
| Stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals |
Classification of elements and periodicity in properties |
|---|
| Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements-atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy |
| Periodic trends in properties of elements-electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence, nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100 |
Chemical bonding and molecular structure |
|---|
| Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory |
| Concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only) |
| Hydrogen bond |
States of matter: gases and liquids |
|---|
| Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour |
| Empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro number, ideal gas equation |
| Deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature, kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea) |
| Liquid state-vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations) |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions |
| First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ∆U and ∆H, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of: Bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation |
| Enthalpy of: Phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution |
| Introduction of entropy as a state function, second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium |
Equilibrium |
|---|
| Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium-ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes |
| Degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), 4 buffer solutions, Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples) |
| Redox reactions: Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers, applications of redox reactions |
Hydrogen |
|---|
| Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides-ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions |
| Hydrogen peroxide-use and structure; hydrogen as a fuel |
S-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) |
|---|
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship |
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: Trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses |
| Preparation and properties of some important compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium |
| CaO, CaCO, and industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca |
Some p-block elements |
|---|
| General Introduction to p-block elements |
| Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group; boron-physical and chemical properties |
| Group 13 elements: Boron-some important compounds; borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and alkalies. |
| Group 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous beheaviour of first element. Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms |
| Group 14 elements: Carbon-physical and chemical properties; uses of some important compounds: oxides |
Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques |
|---|
| General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds |
| Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: Inductive effect, electrometric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation |
| Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: Free radicals, carbocations, carbonions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions |
Hydrocarbons |
|---|
| Classification of Hydrocarbons |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkanes-nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethane), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation; chemical reactions: Addition of hydrogen, halogen, water |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-chemical reactions: Hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkynes-nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: Acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of-hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; benzene: Resonance, aromaticity; chemical properties: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution-nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Directive influence of functional group in mon-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity |
Environmental chemistry |
|---|
| Environmental pollution-air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer |
| Greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution |
Solid state |
|---|
| Classificatioin of solids based on different binding forces molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices |
| Calculations of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects electrical and magnetic properties, band theory of metals, conductors |
| Semiconductors and insulators and n and p type semiconductors |
Solutions |
|---|
| Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of B.P., depression of freezing point |
| Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Vant Hoff factor |
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Redox reactions; conductance in electrylytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea) |
| Dry cell electrolytic cells and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells. Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion |
Chemical kinetics |
|---|
| Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: Concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant |
| Integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment) |
| Activation energy, Arrhenious equation |
Surface chemistry |
|---|
| Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis thomogenous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions |
| Lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions – types of emulsions |
General principles and processes of isolation of elements |
|---|
| Principles and methods of extraction-concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron |
P-block elements |
|---|
| Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation, properties and uses |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of nitrogen-preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); phosophorous-allotropic forms |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of phosphorous-preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCI, PCI) and oxoacids (elementary idea only) |
| Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidationi states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen: Preparation, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur-allotropic forms |
| Group 16 elements: Sulphur-compounds of sulphur: Preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: Industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only) |
| Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds |
| Group 17 elements: Compounds of halogens-oxoacids of halogens (structures only) |
| Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses, compounds of xenon and their structure |
D and f-block elements |
|---|
| General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals-metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour |
| General trends in properties of the first row transition metals-catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation |
| Preparation and properties of KCrO and KMnO |
| Lanthanoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences |
| Actinoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthenoids |
Coordination compounds |
|---|
| Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT, CFT |
| Coordination compounds: Isomerism (structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative inclusion, extraction of metals and biological systems) |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
|---|
| Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation |
| Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only) |
| Uses and environmental effects of-dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT |
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers |
|---|
| Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to methanol and ethanol |
| Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reaction, uses of phenols |
| Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses |
Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids |
|---|
| Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, method of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses |
| Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses |
Organic compounds containing nitrogen |
|---|
| Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines |
| Cyanides and isocyanides: Will be mentioned at relevant places in context |
| Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry |
Biomolecules |
|---|
| Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); importance |
| Proteins: Elementary idea of-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes |
| Hormones: Elementary idea (excluding structure) |
| Vitamins: Classification and functions |
| Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA |
Polymers |
|---|
| Classification: Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization, some important polymers; natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, rubber |
| Classification: Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers |
Chemistry in everyday life |
|---|
| Chemicals in medicines: Analgesics, tranqualizers, antiseptic, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antithistamines |
| Chemicals in food: Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants |
| Cleansing agents: Soaps and detergents, cleansing action |
Sets and functions |
|---|
| Sets: Sets and their representations. Empty set. Finite and infinite sets. Equal sets. Subsets. Subsets of the set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Power set. Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and intersection of sets |
| Sets: Difference of sets. Complement of a set |
| Relations and functions: Orders pairs, Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the reals with itself (upto R x R x R). Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain |
| Relations and functions: Codomain and range of a relation. Function as a special kind of relation from one set to another. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued function of the real variable |
| Relations and functions: Domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational modulus, signum and greatest integer functions with their graphs, sum, difference, product and quotients of functions |
| Trignometric functions: Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle |
| Trignometric functions: Truth of the identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1 for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions and sketch of their graphs. Expressing sin (x + y) and cos (x+y) in terms of sin x, sin y, cos x and cos y |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-tan (x ± y) = tan x ± tan y/ 1 ± tan x tan y, cot (x ± y) = cot x cot y ± 1/ cot y cot x |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-Sin x + Sin y = 2 Sin (x + y/ 2) cos (x - y)/ 2 Cos (x- y)/ 2 Cos x + Cos y = 2 Cos (x + y)/ 2 Cos (x – y)/ 2 |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-Sin x - Sin y = 2 Cos (x + y/ 2) Sin (x - y)/ 2 Cos x – Cos y = 2 Sin (x + y/ 2) sin (x – y/ 2) |
| Trignometric functions: Identities related to sin 2 x, cos 2 x, tan 2 x, sin 3 x, cos 3 x and tan 3 x. General solution of trigonometric equiations of the type sin θ = sin alpha |
Algebra |
|---|
| Principle of mathematical induction: Process of the proof by induction, motivating the application of the method by looking at natural numbers as the least inductive subset of real numbers. The principle of mathematical induction and simple applications |
| Complex numbers and quadratic equations: Need for complex numbers, especially √ -1 , to be motivated by inability to solve every quadratic equation. Brief description of algebraic properties of complex numbers |
| Complex numbers and quadratic equations: Argand plane and polar representation of complex numbers. Statement of fundamental theorem of algebra, solution of quadratic equations in the complex number system |
| Linear inequalites: Linear inequalities, algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line. Graphical solution of linear inequalities in two variables |
| Linear inequalites: Solution of system of linear inequalities in two variables graphically |
| Permutations and combinations: Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n (n1) permutations and combinations, derivation of formulae and their connections, simple applications |
| Binomial theorem: History, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, general and middle term in binomial expansion, simple applications |
| Sequence and series: Sequence and series, arithmetic progression (A.P.), arithmetic mean (A.M.) geometric progression (G.P., general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M |
| Sequence and series: Sum to n terms of the special series ∑n , ∑n and ∑n . |
Coordinate geometry |
|---|
| Straight lines: Brief recall of 2D from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: Parallel to axes, point-slope form, slope intercept form, two point form, intercepts form and normal form |
| Straight lines: General equation of a line. Distance of a point from a line |
| Conic section: Sections of a cone-circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and pair of intersecting lines as a degenerated case of conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola |
| Conic section: Standard equation of a circle |
| Introduction to three dimensional geometry: Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinatoes of a point. Distance between two points and section formula |
Calculas |
|---|
| Limits and derivatives: Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically, intuitive idea of limit. Definition of derivative, relate it to slope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum, difference |
| Limits and derivatives: Product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions |
Mathematical reasoning |
|---|
| Mathematical reasoning: Mathematically acceptable statements. Connecting words/ phrases-consolidating the understanding of “if and only if (necessary and sufficient) condition”, implies”, and/ or”, implied by, “and”, “or” |
| Mathematical reasoning: Connecting words/ phrases-consolidating the understanding of “there exists” and their use through variety of examples related to real life and mathematics |
| Mathematical reasoning: Validating the statements involving the connecting words-difference between contradiction, converse and contrapositive |
| Probability: Random experiments-outcomes, sample, spaces (set representation). Events: Occurrence of events, `not’, `and’ and `or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events, axiomatic (set theoretic) probability |
| Probability: Connections with the theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, Probability of `not’, `and’ and `or’ events |
Relations and Functions |
|---|
| Relations and functions: Types of relations-reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations |
| Inverse trigonometric functions: Definition, range, domain, principal value branches, graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions |
Algebra |
|---|
| Matrices: Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and kew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition |
| Matrices: Multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2) |
| Matrices: Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists (here all matrices will have real entries) |
| Determinants: Determinant of a square matrix (upto 3 x 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. A joint and inverse of a square matrix |
| Determinants: Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix |
| Applications of derivatives: Maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool) |
| Applications of derivatives: Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real life situations) |
| Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ dx/ x ± a, ∫ dx/ x ± a, ∫ dx/ √ a - x, ∫ dx/ ax + bx + c |
| Integrals: Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ dx/ √ ax + bx + c, ∫ (px + q)/ ax + bx + c dx, ∫ (px + q)/ √ ax + bx + c dx, ∫ √ a ± xdx |
| Integrals: Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ √ x - adx to be evaluated |
| Integrals: Define integrals as a limit of sum, Fundamental theorem of calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals |
| Applications of the integrals: Applications in findings the area under simple curves, especially lines, areas of circles/ parabolas/ ellipse (in standard form only), area between the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable) |
| Differential equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables |
| Differential equations: Homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equations of the type: dx/ dy + py = q, where p and q are functions of x |
Calculas |
|---|
| Continuity and differentiability: Continuity and Differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function |
| Continuity and differentiability: Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions and their derivative. Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives |
| Continuity and differentiability: Rolle’s and Lagrange’s mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interoperations |
| Applications of derivatives: Applications of derivatives-rate of change, increasing/ decreasing functions, tangents and normal, approximation |
Vectors and three dimensional geometry |
|---|
| Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector |
| Vectors: Addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Direction cosines/ ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Angle between-(i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and plane. Distance of a point from a plane |
Linear programming |
|---|
| Linear programming: Introduction, definition of related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (LP) problems, mathematical formulation of LP, problems |
| Linear programming: Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optional feasible solutions (upto three non trivial constraints) |
Probability |
|---|
| Probability: Multiplication theorem on probability, conditional probability, independent events, total probability, Baye’s theorem, random Variable and its probability distribution, mean and variance of random variable |
| Probability: Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and binomial distribution |
Comprehension at paragraph and sentence levels |
|---|
Identification of common errors |
|---|
Grammar and usage |
|---|
Vocabulary |
|---|
| Word formation, synonyms, antonyms, pairing of words |
Sentence structure and construction |
|---|
Prepositions |
|---|
Completion of sentences |
|---|
Indian constitution |
|---|
Political theory |
|---|
Indian polity |
|---|
Pre and post independence |
|---|
Contemporary world politics |
|---|
Human rights |
|---|
Archaeology and ancient India |
|---|
History of medieval and modern India |
|---|
Introductory world history |
|---|
Human geography |
|---|
India |
|---|
| Introductory physical geography; Indian physical environment |
Foundations of psychology |
|---|
Psychology |
|---|
Self and society |
|---|
Games and sports |
|---|
Awards and honours |
|---|
Abbreviations and acronyms |
|---|
Prominent books and authors |
|---|
Verbal reasoning and verbal analogy |
|---|
Letter series |
|---|
Number series |
|---|
Syllogism |
|---|
Terms and prepositions |
|---|
Main tenets of Islam |
|---|
Sufism and Bhakti movement |
|---|
Religious coexistence |
|---|
| Akbar: Major medieval monuments |
Encounter with modern culture |
|---|
| Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and his companions, Aligarh movement |
Comprehension at paragraph and sentence levels |
|---|
Identification of common errors |
|---|
Grammar and usage |
|---|
Vocabulary |
|---|
| Word formation, synonyms, antonyms, pairing of words |
Sentence structure and construction |
|---|
Prepositions |
|---|
Completion of sentences |
|---|
Accounting for non-profit organizations |
|---|
Partnership accounting |
|---|
| Goodwill, admission, retirement and death of partner and dissolution of partnership firms |
Company accounts |
|---|
| Issue of shares and debentures, forfeiture and reissue, redemption of shares and debentures, final accounts of companies |
Analysis of financial statements |
|---|
| Ratio analysis-profitability, liquidity, solvency and activity ratios, cash and (as per revised standard issued by ICAI) |
Computerized accounting system |
|---|
| Concepts, features and structures |
Nature, functions and principles of management |
|---|
Business finance |
|---|
| Financial management, financial plans, money market, stock exchange and SEBI |
Marketing management |
|---|
| Concept, functions and marketing mix |
Consumer protection |
|---|
| Consumer rights, consumer awareness and redressal system |
Consumer and producer’s equilibrium |
|---|
Laws and demand and supply |
|---|
Forms of markets and price determination |
|---|
National income |
|---|
Money and banking |
|---|
Determination of income and employment |
|---|
Government budget |
|---|
Statistics |
|---|
| Collection, organization and presentation of data; measures of central tendency-mean (simple and weighted), median and mode; measures of dispersion-absolute dispersion (range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation) |
| Relative dispersion (coefficient of quartile deviation, coefficient of mean deviation, coefficient of variation); correlation-measures of correlation; introduction to index numbers; probability |
Critical |
|---|
Analytical |
|---|
Verbal |
|---|
Logical |
|---|
Data interpretation |
|---|
Indian economy |
|---|
World organizations |
|---|
Indian and world geography |
|---|
Indian polity and constitution |
|---|
General science and technology |
|---|
Sports, awards and corporate affairs |
|---|
Unseen passage |
|---|
Vocabulary |
|---|
Grammar |
|---|
| Tenses, clauses, gap-filling, error-correction of words and sentences |
Physical world and measurement |
|---|
Kinematics |
|---|
Laws of motion |
|---|
Work, energy, and power |
|---|
Motion of system of particles and rigid body |
|---|
Gravitation |
|---|
Properties of bulk matter |
|---|
Thermodynamics |
|---|
Behaviour for perfect gas and kinetic theory of gases |
|---|
Oscillations and waves |
|---|
Electrostatistics |
|---|
Current electricity |
|---|
Magnetic effect of current and magnetism |
|---|
Electromagnetic induction and alternating current |
|---|
Electromagnetic waves |
|---|
Optics |
|---|
Dual nature of matter |
|---|
Atoms and nuclei |
|---|
Electronic devices |
|---|
Communication system |
|---|
Sets |
|---|
Relations and Functions |
|---|
Mathematical induction |
|---|
Complex numbers |
|---|
Linear inequalities |
|---|
Quadratic equations |
|---|
Sequences and series |
|---|
Trigonometric functions |
|---|
Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates |
|---|
Straight lines and family of straight lines |
|---|
Circles |
|---|
Conic section |
|---|
Permutation and combination |
|---|
Binomial theorem |
|---|
Mathematical reasoning |
|---|
Statistics |
|---|
Three dimensional geometry |
|---|
Vectors |
|---|
Matrices and determinants |
|---|
Probability |
|---|
Function, limits, and continuity |
|---|
Differentiation |
|---|
Application of derivatives |
|---|
Indefinite integrals |
|---|
Definite integrals |
|---|
Differential equations |
|---|
Applications of integrals |
|---|
Linear programming |
|---|
Some basic concepts of chemistry |
|---|
| General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry |
| Historical approach to particulate nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: Concept of elements, atoms and molecules |
| Atomic and molecular masses |
| Mole concept and molar mass; percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry |
Structure of atom |
|---|
| Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number, isotopes and isobars |
| Thompson’s model and its limitations, Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, De Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| Concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms |
| Stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals |
Classification of elements and periodicity in properties |
|---|
| Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements-atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy |
| Periodic trends in properties of elements-electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence, nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100 |
Chemical bonding and molecular structure |
|---|
| Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory |
| Concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only) |
| Hydrogen bond |
States of matter: gases and liquids |
|---|
| Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour |
| Empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro number, ideal gas equation |
| Deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature, kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea) |
| Liquid state-vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations) |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions |
| First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ∆U and ∆H, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of: Bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation |
| Enthalpy of: Phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution |
| Introduction of entropy as a state function, second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium |
Equilibrium |
|---|
| Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium-ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes |
| Degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), 4 buffer solutions, Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples) |
| Redox reactions: Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers, applications of redox reactions |
Hydrogen |
|---|
| Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides-ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions |
| Hydrogen peroxide-use and structure; hydrogen as a fuel |
S-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) |
|---|
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship |
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: Trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses |
| Preparation and properties of some important compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium |
| CaO, CaCO, and industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca |
Some p-block elements |
|---|
| General Introduction to p-block elements |
| Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group; boron-physical and chemical properties |
| Group 13 elements: Boron-some important compounds; borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and alkalies. |
| Group 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous beheaviour of first element. Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms |
| Group 14 elements: Carbon-physical and chemical properties; uses of some important compounds: oxides |
Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques |
|---|
| General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds |
| Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: Inductive effect, electrometric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation |
| Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: Free radicals, carbocations, carbonions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions |
Hydrocarbons |
|---|
| Classification of Hydrocarbons |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkanes-nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethane), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation; chemical reactions: Addition of hydrogen, halogen, water |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-chemical reactions: Hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkynes-nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: Acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of-hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; benzene: Resonance, aromaticity; chemical properties: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution-nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Directive influence of functional group in mon-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity |
Environmental chemistry |
|---|
| Environmental pollution-air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer |
| Greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution |
Solid state |
|---|
| Classificatioin of solids based on different binding forces molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices |
| Calculations of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects electrical and magnetic properties, band theory of metals, conductors |
| Semiconductors and insulators and n and p type semiconductors |
Solutions |
|---|
| Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of B.P., depression of freezing point |
| Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Vant Hoff factor |
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Redox reactions; conductance in electrylytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea) |
| Dry cell electrolytic cells and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells. Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion |
Chemical kinetics |
|---|
| Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: Concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant |
| Integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment) |
| Activation energy, Arrhenious equation |
Surface chemistry |
|---|
| Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis thomogenous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions |
| Lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions – types of emulsions |
General principles and processes of isolation of elements |
|---|
| Principles and methods of extraction-concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron |
P-block elements |
|---|
| Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation, properties and uses |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of nitrogen-preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); phosophorous-allotropic forms |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of phosphorous-preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCI, PCI) and oxoacids (elementary idea only) |
| Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidationi states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen: Preparation, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur-allotropic forms |
| Group 16 elements: Sulphur-compounds of sulphur: Preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: Industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only) |
| Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds |
| Group 17 elements: Compounds of halogens-oxoacids of halogens (structures only) |
| Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses, compounds of xenon and their structure |
D and f-block elements |
|---|
| General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals-metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour |
| General trends in properties of the first row transition metals-catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation |
| Preparation and properties of KCrO and KMnO |
| Lanthanoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences |
| Actinoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthenoids |
Coordination compounds |
|---|
| Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT, CFT |
| Coordination compounds: Isomerism (structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative inclusion, extraction of metals and biological systems) |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
|---|
| Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation |
| Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only) |
| Uses and environmental effects of-dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT |
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers |
|---|
| Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to methanol and ethanol |
| Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reaction, uses of phenols |
| Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses |
Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids |
|---|
| Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, method of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses |
| Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses |
Organic compounds containing nitrogen |
|---|
| Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines |
| Cyanides and isocyanides: Will be mentioned at relevant places in context |
| Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry |
Biomolecules |
|---|
| Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); importance |
| Proteins: Elementary idea of-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes |
| Hormones: Elementary idea (excluding structure) |
| Vitamins: Classification and functions |
| Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA |
Polymers |
|---|
| Classification: Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization, some important polymers; natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, rubber |
| Classification: Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers |
Chemistry in everyday life |
|---|
| Chemicals in medicines: Analgesics, tranqualizers, antiseptic, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antithistamines |
| Chemicals in food: Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants |
| Cleansing agents: Soaps and detergents, cleansing action |
Diversity of living organisms |
|---|
| The living world: What is living?, biodiversity; need for classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics; concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; binomial nomenclature; tools for study of taxonomy-museums, zoological parks, herbaria |
| The living world: Tools for study of taxonomy-botanical gardens |
| Biological classification five kingdom: Classification; salient features and classification of monera, protista and fungi into major groups: Lichens, viruses and viroids |
| Plant kingdom: Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-algae, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnospermae and angiospermae (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category) |
| Plant kingdom: Angiosperms-classification upto class, characteristic features and examples |
| Animal kingdom: Salient features and classification of animals non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level (three to five salient features and at least two examples of each category) (no live animals or specimen should be displayed) |
Structural organization in animals and plants |
|---|
| Morphology of flowering plants: Morphology and modifications-inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed |
| Anatomy of flowering plants: Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants-root, stem, leaf, tissue (to be dealt along with the relevant experiment of the practical syllabus) |
| Structural organisation in animals: Animal tissues-morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (cockroach) (a brief account only) |
Cell: structure and function |
|---|
| Cell-the unit of life: Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life-structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; plant cell and animal cell; cell envelope; cell membrane, cell wall; cell organelles-structure and function; endomembrane system |
| Cell-the unit of life: Endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultrastructure and function); nucleus, nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus |
| Biomolecules: Chemical constituents of living cells-biomolecules, structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, enzymes, types, properties, enzyme action |
| Cell cycle and cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance |
Plant physiology |
|---|
| Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; cell to cell transport, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; plant-water relations, imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; long distance transport of water-absorption |
| Transport in plants: Long distance transport of water-apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; transpiration, opening and closing of stomata; uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-transport of food, phloem transport |
| Transport in plants: Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-massflow hypothesis; diffusion of gases |
| Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro- and micronutrients and their role; deficiency symptoms; mineral toxicity; elementary idea of hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; nitrogen metabolism, nitrogen cycle |
| Mineral nutrition: Biological nitrogen fixation |
| Photosynthesis in higher plants: Photosynthesis as a mean of autotrophic nutrition; site of photosynthesis, pigments involved in photosynthesis (elementary idea); photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis |
| Photosynthesis in higher plants: Cyclic and non cyclic photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis; photorespiration; C and C pathways; factors affecting photosynthesis. |
| Respiration in plants: Exchange of gases; cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); energy relations-number of ATP molecules generated; amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotient |
| Plant-growth and development: Seed germination; phases of plant growth and plant growth rate; conditions of growth; differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell |
| Plant-growth and development: Growth regulators-auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; seed dormancy; vernalisation; photoperiodism |
Human physiology |
|---|
| Digestion and absorption: Alimentary canal and digestive glands, role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; calorific values of proteins |
| Digestion and absorption: Carbohydrates and fats; egestion; nutritional and digestive disorders-PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea |
| Breating and exchange of gases: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); respiratory system in humans; mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration, respiratory volume |
| Breating and exchange of gases: Disorders related to respiration-asthma, emphysema, occupational respiratory disorders |
| Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; composition of lymph and its function; human circulatory system-structure of human heart and blood vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG; double circulation |
| Body fluids and circulation: Regulation of cardiac activity; disorders of circulatory system-hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure. |
| Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion-ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; human excretory system-structure and function; urine formation, osmoregulation; regulation of kidney function-renin, angiotensin, atrial natriuretic factor |
| Excretory products and their elimination: Regulation of kidney function-ADH and diabetes insipidus; role of other organs in excretion; disorders-uraemia, renal failure, renal calculi, nephritis; dialysis and artificial kidney |
| Locomotion and movement: Types of movement-ciliary, flagellar, muscular; skeletal muscle-contractile proteins and muscle contraction; skeletal system and its functions; joints; disorders of muscular and skeletal system-myasthenia gravis, tetany |
| Locomotion and movement: Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout |
| Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; nervous system in humans-central nervous system; peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; generation and conduction of nerve impulse; reflex action; sensory perception; sense organs |
| Neural control and coordination: Elementary structure and functions of eye and ear |
| Chemical coordination and integration: Endocrine glands and hormones; human endocrine system-hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads; mechanism of hormone action (elementary idea) |
| Chemical coordination and integration: Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, hypo- and hyperactivity and related disorders; dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison's disease |
Reproduction |
|---|
| Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; modes of reproduction-asexual and sexual reproduction; asexual reproduction-binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule formation |
| Reproduction in organisms: Asexual reproduction-fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants |
| Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination-types, agencies and examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization |
| Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Post fertilization events-development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modesapomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation |
| Human reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation |
| Human reproduction: Pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea) |
| Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDS); birth control-need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis |
| Reproductive health: Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies-IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary idea for general awareness) |
Genetics and evolution |
|---|
| Principles of inheritance and variation-heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism-incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes |
| Principles of inheritance and variation-heredity and variation: Sex determination-in humans, birds and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex linked inheritance-haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-thalassemia |
| Principles of inheritance and variation-heredity and variation: Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes |
| Molecular basis of inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation-lac operon |
| Molecular basis of inheritance: Genome and human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting |
| Evolution: Origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidences); Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution |
| Evolution: Mechanism of evolution-variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg's principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution |
Biology and human welfare |
|---|
| Human health and diseases: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chickengunia, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; cancer |
| Human health and diseases: Basic concepts of immunology-HIV and AIDS; adolescence-drug and alcohol abuse |
| Strategies for enhancement in food production: Improvement in food production-plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, biofortification, apiculture and animal husbandry |
| Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. Antibiotics; production and judicious use |
Biotechnology and its applications |
|---|
| Biotechnology-principles and processes: Genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology) |
| Biotechnology and its application: Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture- human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues |
| Biotechnology and its application: Biopiracy and patents |
Ecology and environment |
|---|
| Organisms and populations: Organisms and environment-habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution |
| Ecosystem: Ecosystems-patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecosystem services-carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal |
| Ecosystem: Oxygen release (in brief) |
| Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of biodiversity; patterns of biodiversity; importance of biodiversity; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, red data book, biosphere reserves |
| Biodiversity and its conservation: National parks, sanctuaries and Ramsar sites |
| Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and climate change; ozone layer depletion; deforestation |
| Environmental issues: Any one case study as success story addressing environmental issue (s) |
Diversity of living organisms |
|---|
Taxonomy, systematic and binomial nomenclature |
|---|
Five kingdom classification |
|---|
Animal tissues |
|---|
| Types and structure |
Anatomy and function of different systems of earthworm, cockroach and frog |
|---|
Bimolecules of the cell |
|---|
Human digestive, respiratory, circulatory, expiratory, muscular, skeletal and nervous system, endocrine system and diseases, reproductive system |
|---|
Development implantation, placentation and parturition |
|---|
Reproductive health and sexually transmitted disease |
|---|
Birth control, amniocenteses, infertility, IVF |
|---|
Sex determination, linkage and crossing over, sex-linked inheritance |
|---|
Multiple alleles and inheritance in blood groups, chromosomes disorders |
|---|
Genome, human genome project and DNA finger printing |
|---|
Theories and mechanisms of evolution |
|---|
Gene flow and genetics drift |
|---|
Health and diseases, concept of immunology, vaccine, cancer, HIV and AIDS |
|---|
Animal husbandry and agriculture |
|---|
Principles and process of biotechnology, application of biotechnology, transgenic animals |
|---|
Population interactions |
|---|
Growth, birth and death rates |
|---|
Concept of biodiversity |
|---|
Importance, loss and conservation of biodiversity |
|---|
Biosphere reserves, national parks and sancturies |
|---|
Concept, scope and applications of home science education |
|---|
Communication for effective development |
|---|
Physical, motor, social, language development from birth to adolescence |
|---|
| Protection from preventable diseases, characteristics and needs of differently abled children, substitute care at home and outside |
Food groups |
|---|
| Nutrients and their sources, nutrition for self and family, basics of therapeutic nutrition, selection and storage of food, food adulteration |
Essentials of resource management and its functions |
|---|
| Elements and principles of design in house planning, furnishing, money management, role of consumers in the economy, work simplication |
Textile and clothing |
|---|
| Fiber science, basic finishes, statin removal, fabric construction, clothing and its relation to personality |
Physical world and measurement |
|---|
| Physics-scope and excitement, nature of physical laws; physics, technology and society |
| Need for measurement: Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, errors in measurement; significant figures |
| Need for measurement: Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications |
Kinematics |
|---|
| Frame of reference |
| Motion in a straight line: Position-time graph, speed and velocity |
| Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity |
| Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment) |
| Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion |
| Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors |
| Relative velocity |
| Unit vector; resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular components |
| Motion in a plane |
| Cases of uniform velocity and uniform accelerationprojectile motion |
| Uniform circular motion |
Laws of motion |
|---|
| Intuitive concepts of force |
| Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law of motion |
| Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications |
| Equilibrium of concurrent forces |
| Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction |
| Lubrication, dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road) |
Work, energy and power |
|---|
| Scalar product of vectors |
| Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power |
| Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces: Conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions |
Motion of system of particles and rigid body |
|---|
| Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conversation and centre of mass motion |
| Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod |
| Vector product of vectors; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples |
| Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion |
| Comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration |
| Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects (no derivation) |
| Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications |
Gravitation |
|---|
| Keplar’s laws of planetary motion |
| The universal law of gravitation |
| Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth |
| Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential |
| Escape velocity |
| Orbital velocity of a satellite |
| Geo-stationary satellites |
Properties of bulk matter |
|---|
| Elastic behaviour, stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity |
| Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes) |
| Effect of gravity on fluid pressure |
| Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow |
| Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications |
| Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and capillary rise |
| Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; change of state-latent heat |
| Heat transferconduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics) |
| Heat, work, and internal energy |
| First law of thermodynamics |
| Isothermal and adiabatic process |
| Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes |
| Heat engines and refrigerators |
Behaviour of perfect gas and kinetic theory |
|---|
| Equation of state of perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas |
| Kinetic theory of gases-assumptions, concept of pressure |
| Kinetic Interpretation of temperature; RMS speed of gas molecules; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heats of gases; concept of mean free path, Avogadro’s number |
Oscillations and waves |
|---|
| Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time |
| Periodic functions |
| Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M) and its equation; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M.-kinetic and potential energies; simple pendulum-derivation of expression for its time period |
| Free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance |
| Wave motion |
| Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion |
| Displacement relation for a progressive wave |
| Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, beats, Doppler effect |
Electrostatics |
|---|
| Electric charges, conservation of charge, Coulomb’s low-force between two point charges forces between multiple charges, superposition principle and continuous charge distribution |
| Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole electric field due to a dipole torque on a dipole in uniform electric field |
| Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire uniformly charges infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside) |
| Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charge; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field |
| Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor |
| Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor |
Current electricity |
|---|
| Electric current flow of electric chargers in a metallic conductor drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s Law electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power |
| Electrical resistivity and conductivity |
| Carbon resistors colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance |
| Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and EMF of a cell combination of cells in series and in parallel |
| Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications |
| Wheatstone bridge and metre bridge |
| Potentiometer-principle and its applications to measure potential difference and for comparing EMF of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell |
Magnetic effects of current and magnetism |
|---|
| Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment |
| Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop |
| Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids |
| Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields |
| Cyclotron |
| Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field |
| Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere |
| Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter |
| Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment |
| Magnetic dipole, moment of a revolving electron, magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis |
| Torque on magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid magnetic field line; earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements para-, dia-, and ferro- magnetic substances, with examples |
| Electromagnets and factors of affecting their strengths |
| Permanent magnets |
Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents |
|---|
| Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law |
| Induced EMF and current; Lenz’s law, Eddy current self and mutual induction |
| Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating; current/ voltage, reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in A.C. circuits wattles current |
| A.C. generator and transformer |
Electromagnetic waves |
|---|
| Displacement current, electromagnetic wave and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only), transverse nature of electromagnetic waves |
| Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, xrays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses |
Optics |
|---|
| Reflection of light spherical mirrors, mirror formula refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses thin lens formula lens maker’s formula |
| Magnification power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contract |
| Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism |
| Scattering of light-blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset |
| Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refraction) and their magnifying powers |
| Waves optics: Wave front and Huygens principle reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference |
| Waves optics: Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes |
| Waves optics: Polarization, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law. Uses of plane polarized light and polaroids |
Dual nature of matter and radiation |
|---|
| Dual nature of radiation, photoelectric, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light |
| Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation |
| Davission-germer experiment |
Atoms and nuclei |
|---|
| Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels hydrogen spectrum |
| Composition and size of nucleus, radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their properties; radioactive decay law, mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission |
| Nuclear fusion |
Electronic devices |
|---|
| Semiconductors; semiconductor diode-I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode: Zener diode as a voltage regulator |
| Junction transistor, transistor action characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) |
| Logic gates (or, and, not, nand and nor) |
Communication systems |
|---|
| Elements of a communication system (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium |
| Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation |
| Need for modulation |
| Amplitude-modulate wave |
Some basic concepts of chemistry |
|---|
| General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry |
| Historical approach to particulate nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: Concept of elements, atoms and molecules |
| Atomic and molecular masses |
| Mole concept and molar mass; percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry |
Structure of atom |
|---|
| Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number, isotopes and isobars |
| Thompson’s model and its limitations, Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, De Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| Concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms |
| Stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals |
Classification of elements and periodicity in properties |
|---|
| Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements-atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy |
| Periodic trends in properties of elements-electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence, nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100 |
Chemical bonding and molecular structure |
|---|
| Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory |
| Concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only) |
| Hydrogen bond |
States of matter: gases and liquids |
|---|
| Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour |
| Empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro number, ideal gas equation |
| Deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature, kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea) |
| Liquid state-vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations) |
Thermodynamics |
|---|
| Concepts of system, types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions |
| First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ∆U and ∆H, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of: Bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation |
| Enthalpy of: Phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution |
| Introduction of entropy as a state function, second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium |
Equilibrium |
|---|
| Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium-ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes |
| Degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), 4 buffer solutions, Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples) |
| Redox reactions: Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers, applications of redox reactions |
Hydrogen |
|---|
| Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides-ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions |
| Hydrogen peroxide-use and structure; hydrogen as a fuel |
S-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) |
|---|
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship |
| Group 1 and group 2 elements: Trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens; uses |
| Preparation and properties of some important compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium |
| CaO, CaCO, and industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca |
Some p-block elements |
|---|
| General Introduction to p-block elements |
| Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group; boron-physical and chemical properties |
| Group 13 elements: Boron-some important compounds; borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and alkalies. |
| Group 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous beheaviour of first element. Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms |
| Group 14 elements: Carbon-physical and chemical properties; uses of some important compounds: oxides |
Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques |
|---|
| General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds |
| Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: Inductive effect, electrometric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation |
| Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: Free radicals, carbocations, carbonions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions |
Hydrocarbons |
|---|
| Classification of Hydrocarbons |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkanes-nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethane), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation; chemical reactions: Addition of hydrogen, halogen, water |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkenes-chemical reactions: Hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons: Alkynes-nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: Acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of-hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; benzene: Resonance, aromaticity; chemical properties: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution-nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons: Directive influence of functional group in mon-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity |
Environmental chemistry |
|---|
| Environmental pollution-air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer |
| Greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution |
Solid state |
|---|
| Classificatioin of solids based on different binding forces molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices |
| Calculations of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects electrical and magnetic properties, band theory of metals, conductors |
| Semiconductors and insulators and n and p type semiconductors |
Solutions |
|---|
| Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative properties-relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of B.P., depression of freezing point |
| Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Vant Hoff factor |
Electrochemistry |
|---|
| Redox reactions; conductance in electrylytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea) |
| Dry cell electrolytic cells and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells. Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion |
Chemical kinetics |
|---|
| Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction: Concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant |
| Integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment) |
| Activation energy, Arrhenious equation |
Surface chemistry |
|---|
| Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids; catalysis thomogenous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions |
| Lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions – types of emulsions |
General principles and processes of isolation of elements |
|---|
| Principles and methods of extraction-concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron |
P-block elements |
|---|
| Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen-preparation, properties and uses |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of nitrogen-preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only); phosophorous-allotropic forms |
| Group 15 elements: Compounds of phosphorous-preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCI, PCI) and oxoacids (elementary idea only) |
| Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidationi states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; dioxygen: Preparation, properties and uses; classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur-allotropic forms |
| Group 16 elements: Sulphur-compounds of sulphur: Preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid: Industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only) |
| Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds |
| Group 17 elements: Compounds of halogens-oxoacids of halogens (structures only) |
| Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses, compounds of xenon and their structure |
D and f-block elements |
|---|
| General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals-metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour |
| General trends in properties of the first row transition metals-catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation |
| Preparation and properties of KCrO and KMnO |
| Lanthanoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences |
| Actinoids-electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthenoids |
Coordination compounds |
|---|
| Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner’s theory VBT, CFT |
| Coordination compounds: Isomerism (structural and stereo) importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative inclusion, extraction of metals and biological systems) |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
|---|
| Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation |
| Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only) |
| Uses and environmental effects of-dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT |
Alcohols, phenols, and ethers |
|---|
| Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses, with special reference to methanol and ethanol |
| Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reaction, uses of phenols |
| Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses |
Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids |
|---|
| Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, method of preparation, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses |
| Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses |
Organic compounds containing nitrogen |
|---|
| Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines |
| Cyanides and isocyanides: Will be mentioned at relevant places in context |
| Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry |
Biomolecules |
|---|
| Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); importance |
| Proteins: Elementary idea of-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes |
| Hormones: Elementary idea (excluding structure) |
| Vitamins: Classification and functions |
| Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA |
Polymers |
|---|
| Classification: Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization, some important polymers; natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyesters, bakelite, rubber |
| Classification: Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers |
Chemistry in everyday life |
|---|
| Chemicals in medicines: Analgesics, tranqualizers, antiseptic, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antithistamines |
| Chemicals in food: Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants |
| Cleansing agents: Soaps and detergents, cleansing action |
Sets and functions |
|---|
| Sets: Sets and their representations. Empty set. Finite and infinite sets. Equal sets. Subsets. Subsets of the set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Power set. Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and intersection of sets |
| Sets: Difference of sets. Complement of a set |
| Relations and functions: Orders pairs, Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the reals with itself (upto R x R x R). Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain |
| Relations and functions: Codomain and range of a relation. Function as a special kind of relation from one set to another. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued function of the real variable |
| Relations and functions: Domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational modulus, signum and greatest integer functions with their graphs, sum, difference, product and quotients of functions |
| Trignometric functions: Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle |
| Trignometric functions: Truth of the identity sin2 x + cos2 x = 1 for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions and sketch of their graphs. Expressing sin (x + y) and cos (x+y) in terms of sin x, sin y, cos x and cos y |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-tan (x ± y) = tan x ± tan y/ 1 ± tan x tan y, cot (x ± y) = cot x cot y ± 1/ cot y cot x |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-Sin x + Sin y = 2 Sin (x + y/ 2) cos (x - y)/ 2 Cos (x- y)/ 2 Cos x + Cos y = 2 Cos (x + y)/ 2 Cos (x – y)/ 2 |
| Trignometric functions: Deducing the identities like the following-Sin x - Sin y = 2 Cos (x + y/ 2) Sin (x - y)/ 2 Cos x – Cos y = 2 Sin (x + y/ 2) sin (x – y/ 2) |
| Trignometric functions: Identities related to sin 2 x, cos 2 x, tan 2 x, sin 3 x, cos 3 x and tan 3 x. General solution of trigonometric equiations of the type sin θ = sin alpha |
Algebra |
|---|
| Principle of mathematical induction: Process of the proof by induction, motivating the application of the method by looking at natural numbers as the least inductive subset of real numbers. The principle of mathematical induction and simple applications |
| Complex numbers and quadratic equations: Need for complex numbers, especially √ -1 , to be motivated by inability to solve every quadratic equation. Brief description of algebraic properties of complex numbers |
| Complex numbers and quadratic equations: Argand plane and polar representation of complex numbers. Statement of fundamental theorem of algebra, solution of quadratic equations in the complex number system |
| Linear inequalites: Linear inequalities, algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line. Graphical solution of linear inequalities in two variables |
| Linear inequalites: Solution of system of linear inequalities in two variables graphically |
| Permutations and combinations: Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n (n1) permutations and combinations, derivation of formulae and their connections, simple applications |
| Binomial theorem: History, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, general and middle term in binomial expansion, simple applications |
| Sequence and series: Sequence and series, arithmetic progression (A.P.), arithmetic mean (A.M.) geometric progression (G.P., general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M |
| Sequence and series: Sum to n terms of the special series ∑n , ∑n and ∑n . |
Coordinate geometry |
|---|
| Straight lines: Brief recall of 2D from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: Parallel to axes, point-slope form, slope intercept form, two point form, intercepts form and normal form |
| Straight lines: General equation of a line. Distance of a point from a line |
| Conic section: Sections of a cone-circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and pair of intersecting lines as a degenerated case of conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola |
| Conic section: Standard equation of a circle |
| Introduction to three dimensional geometry: Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinatoes of a point. Distance between two points and section formula |
Calculas |
|---|
| Limits and derivatives: Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically, intuitive idea of limit. Definition of derivative, relate it to slope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum, difference |
| Limits and derivatives: Product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions |
Mathematical reasoning |
|---|
| Mathematical reasoning: Mathematically acceptable statements. Connecting words/ phrases-consolidating the understanding of “if and only if (necessary and sufficient) condition”, implies”, and/ or”, implied by, “and”, “or” |
| Mathematical reasoning: Connecting words/ phrases-consolidating the understanding of “there exists” and their use through variety of examples related to real life and mathematics |
| Mathematical reasoning: Validating the statements involving the connecting words-difference between contradiction, converse and contrapositive |
| Probability: Random experiments-outcomes, sample, spaces (set representation). Events: Occurrence of events, `not’, `and’ and `or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events, axiomatic (set theoretic) probability |
| Probability: Connections with the theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, Probability of `not’, `and’ and `or’ events |
Relations and Functions |
|---|
| Relations and functions: Types of relations-reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations |
| Inverse trigonometric functions: Definition, range, domain, principal value branches, graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions |
Algebra |
|---|
| Matrices: Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and kew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition |
| Matrices: Multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2) |
| Matrices: Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists (here all matrices will have real entries) |
| Determinants: Determinant of a square matrix (upto 3 x 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. A joint and inverse of a square matrix |
| Determinants: Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix |
| Applications of derivatives: Maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool) |
| Applications of derivatives: Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real life situations) |
| Integrals: Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ dx/ x ± a, ∫ dx/ x ± a, ∫ dx/ √ a - x, ∫ dx/ ax + bx + c |
| Integrals: Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ dx/ √ ax + bx + c, ∫ (px + q)/ ax + bx + c dx, ∫ (px + q)/ √ ax + bx + c dx, ∫ √ a ± xdx |
| Integrals: Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type: ∫ √ x - adx to be evaluated |
| Integrals: Define integrals as a limit of sum, Fundamental theorem of calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals |
| Applications of the integrals: Applications in findings the area under simple curves, especially lines, areas of circles/ parabolas/ ellipse (in standard form only), area between the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable) |
| Differential equations: Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables |
| Differential equations: Homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equations of the type: dx/ dy + py = q, where p and q are functions of x |
Calculas |
|---|
| Continuity and differentiability: Continuity and Differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function |
| Continuity and differentiability: Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions and their derivative. Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives |
| Continuity and differentiability: Rolle’s and Lagrange’s mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interoperations |
| Applications of derivatives: Applications of derivatives-rate of change, increasing/ decreasing functions, tangents and normal, approximation |
Vectors and three dimensional geometry |
|---|
| Vectors: Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector |
| Vectors: Addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Direction cosines/ ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane |
| Three-dimensional geometry: Angle between-(i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and plane. Distance of a point from a plane |
Linear programming |
|---|
| Linear programming: Introduction, definition of related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (LP) problems, mathematical formulation of LP, problems |
| Linear programming: Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optional feasible solutions (upto three non trivial constraints) |
Probability |
|---|
| Probability: Multiplication theorem on probability, conditional probability, independent events, total probability, Baye’s theorem, random Variable and its probability distribution, mean and variance of random variable |
| Probability: Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and binomial distribution |
Freehand drawing |
|---|
| Simple drawing depicting the total object in its right form and proportion, surface texture, relative location and details of its component parts in appropriate scale |
| Common domestic or day-to-day life usable objects like furniture, equipment, etc from memory |
Geometrical drawing |
|---|
| Exercises in geometrical drawing containing lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles, etc |
| Study of plan (top view), elevation (front or side views) of simple solid objects like prisms, cones, cylinders, cubes, splayed surface holders, etc |
Three-dimensional perception |
|---|
| Understanding and appreciation of three-dimensional forms with building elements, color, volume and orientation |
| Visualization through structuring objects in memory |
Imagination and aesthetic sensitivity |
|---|
| Composition exercise with given elements, context mapping, creativity check through innovative uncommon test with familiar objects |
| Sense of color grouping or application |
Architectural awareness |
|---|
| General interest and awareness of famous architectural creations-both national and international, places and personalities (architects, designers, etc) in the related domain |
Mechanics |
|---|
| Concept of inertial and non-inertial frames of reference, fictitious forces, conservative and non-conservative forces |
| System of particles: Centre of mass for a system of particles, motion of the centre of mass, expressions for kinetic energy, linear momentum and angular momentum for a system of particles in terms of centre of mass values |
| Central forces and the law of conservation of angular momentum |
Rotational motion |
|---|
| Transformation equations for a frame of reference rotating with respect to an inertial frame of reference, Coriolis force |
| Rotation of a rigid body: Energy and moment of inertia and moment of inertia as a tensor, principal axes, angular momentum and kinetic energy of rotation with respect to principal axis, moment of inertia for a spherical shell and solid sphere |
| Rolling bodies, central force, Kepler’s laws |
Special relativity |
|---|
| Postulates of special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformations, velocity addition, length contraction and time dilation, variation of mass with velocity, relativistic form of Newton’s second law, equivalence of mass and energy |
| Relativistic transformations of momentum and energy |
Electricity and magnetism |
|---|
| Gauss’s law, dielectrics, polarization of dielectrics, Poisson and Laplace’s equations in dielectric, polarizability, Clausius-Mossotti relation |
| Capacitors |
| Continuity equation, transient currents, growth and decay of D.C. in LCR circuits, Thevenin’s theorem, superposition theorem and maximum power transfer theorem |
| Alternating currents: LCR circuit, series resonance, sharpness of resonance and Q-factor, power in A.C. circuits |
Optics |
|---|
| Fermat’s principle and its applications |
| Chromatic and spherical aberrations, removal |
| Coma, astigmatism, curvature of the field, distortion |
| Interference of light waves, coherence |
| Fresnel’s biprism |
| Newton’s rings |
| Michelson’s interferometer |
| Polarization of light waves |
| Production of polarized light |
| Brewster’s law, Malus’ law |
| Double refraction |
| Quarter and half wave plates |
| Analysis of polarized light |
| Fraunhofer diffraction: Fraunhofer diffraction at two and N slits, diffraction grating, grating spectrum, Rayleigh criterion of resolution, resolving power of grating |
Electronics |
|---|
| BJT amplifier; α, β and their relation, hybrid parameters |
| Characteristics of their simple circuits, load line, Q-point and its change due to temperature variation |
| BJT biasing: Fixed biasing, self-bias, stability factor |
| RC coupled amplifier, its frequency response characteristics |
| Feedback in amplifiers, advantages of negative feedback amplifier |
| Positive feedback and Barkhausen criterion for oscillations, circuit diagrams and working for RC phase-shift, Wein’s bridge oscillators |
| RC differentiator and integrator |
Mathematical method |
|---|
| Cauchy’s integral theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Taylor and Laurent series, Cauchy’s residue theorem, gradient, divergence and curl |
| Gauss’s theorem, Green’s theorem, Stoke’s theorem |
| Legendre function: The polynomial solution of the Legendre equation, the Legendre function of the second kind, the generating function, upper bound for | Pn(x) |, Rodrigues’ formula, orthogonality relation |
| Associated legendre functions and its orthogonality property |
| Laguerre functions |
Modern physics |
|---|
| Black body radiation experiment and Planck’s hypothesis, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, wave function and its simple properties |
| Alpha-particle scattering experiment, Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels hydrogen spectrum |
| Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses |
| Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles and their properties, mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear reactor, nuclear fusion |
| Basic principle of a LASER, properties of laser beam |
| Crystalline and amorphous structure: Lattice, basis, primitive cell, unit cell, Bravais Lattices, common crystal structures, Bragg’s law |
Calculus |
|---|
| Successive differentiation: Derivatives of higher order, nth derivative of well-known functions, Leibnitz’s theorem (without proof). Expansion of functions, Maclaurin’s theorem and Taylor’s theorem (without proof) |
| Successive differentiation: Indeterminate forms: 0/0, ∞/∞, 0 x ∞, ∞ - ∞ and 0⁰, 1∞, 0∞. Asymptotes of the algebraic curves, parallel asymptotes, Asymptotes parallel to x-axis and y-axis |
| Curvature: Angle between radius vector and tangent, derivative of arc length in cartesian, parametric and polar form, calculation of curvature in cartesian, parametric and polar form. Radius of curvature in the three forms, multiple points |
| Curvature: Convexity and concavity of a curve, points of inflexion, tracing of cartesian curves, idea of some well known polar curves, functions of two or more variables, partial differential coefficients, homogeneous functions |
| Curvature: Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions |
| Gamma functions, Integration of the type , length of curves for cartesian, parametric and polar equations, intrinsic equation from cartesian, parametric and polar equations, volume and surfaces of solids of revolution of cartesian |
| Parametric and polar curves |
Geometry |
|---|
| General equations, pair of straight line through origin, lines joining the origin to the intersection of a curve and a line |
| The conic section, equation to a conic section |
| Intersection of a straight line and a conic |
| Equation of a tangent to a conic, condition of tangency |
| Pair of tangents from a point |
| Chord of contact of a pair of tangents to a conic |
| Pole and polar, conjugate points |
| Conjugate lines |
| The condition of conjugacy |
| Chord with a given middle point |
| Centre of a conic and diameter |
| Equation of the conic when the origin is transferred to the centre |
| Conjugate diameters |
| Change of rectangular axes without change of origin |
| Removal of xy-term |
| Invariants |
| Nature of conic, summary |
| Tracing of parabola, the asymptotes of hyperbola |
| Conjugate hyperbola |
| Asymptotes |
| The length and position of axes |
| Coordinate of foci |
| Polar equation of a conic when focus is at the pole |
| Directrices, tracing of the conic |
| Equation of the chord when the vectorial angles of the extremities are given |
| Equation of the tangent at the point whose vectorial angle is α |
| Normal, polar |
| Direction cosines of a line |
| Projection of a segment |
| Angles between two lines |
| Distance of a point from a line |
| Equation of a plane |
| Length of perpendicular from a point to a plane |
| Cylinder and its equation |
| Right circular cylinder |
| Equation of a right circular cylinder |
| Equation of a cone |
| Equation of a cone when the vertex is at the origin |
| Condition for general equation of second degree to represent a cone |
| Tangent plane to a cone, a property of the tangent plane to a cone |
| Condition of tangency |
| Reciprocal cone |
| Cone with three mutually perpendicular generators, number of mutually perpendicular generators |
| The standard equation of central conicoids |
| The tangent plane |
| Condition of tangency of a plane |
| Section with a given centre |
| Locus of the mid-points of a system of parallel chords |
| The polar plane, polar lines |
| Enveloping cone |
| Classification of central conicoids |
| The normal |
| Normals from given point |
| Conjugate diametral plane and diameters of ellipsoid |
| Paraboloid (elliptic and hyperbolic) |
| Tangent plane to a paraboloid |
Numerical analysis |
|---|
| Absolute, relative and percentage errors, general error formula, error in series approximation, solution of algebraic and transcendental equations, the bisection and Regulafalsi method, iteration methods namely, Newton-Raphson method |
| Generalized Newton’s method, solution of system of linear equations using direct methods such as matrix inversion, Gauss elimination and LU decomposition including some iteration methods namely, Jacobi and Gauss-Siedel methods |
| The algebraic eigen value problems using iterative and householder methods |
| Symbols of Δ,, E, E-1 , D, and and their relations, Newton-Gregory forward and backward difference formulae, Gauss’s, Stirling’s and Bessel’s formulae, Lagrange’s formula, divided differences and their properties |
| Newton’s general interpolation formula, inverse interpolation formula and interpolation with cubic splines |
| Numerical differentiation and integration, numerical differentiation of tabular and nontabular functions including error estimations, numerical integration using Gauss quadrature formulae, trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1/3- and 3/8-Rule |
| Weddle’s Rule and Newton-Cotes formula including error estimation, curve fitting and approximations, least squares curve fitting procedures, different types of approximations, least squares polynomial approximation |
| Chebyshev polynomials and its application in various approximations |
| Ordinary differential equations, Euler’s and modified Euler’s methods, Picard’s method, Taylor series method, Runge-Kutta methods of 2nd and 4th order, multi-step methods, Milne-Simpson method, Adam Bashforth-Moulton method |
| Boundary value problems using finite difference method |
Differential equations |
|---|
| Exact differential equations |
| Integrating factors |
| Total differential equations |
| Differential equations of first order but not of first degree |
| Equations solvable for p, y and x |
| Clairaut’s equations |
| Linear differential equations of order n |
| Homogeneous and non-homogeneous differential equations of order n with constant coefficients |
| Complementary functions |
| Different forms of particular integrals |
| Linear differential equations with non-constant coefficients |
| Reduction of order method |
| The Cauchy-Euler’s equation of order n |
| The Legendre’s linear equation |
| Methods of undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters |
| Series solution of differential equations |
| Frobenius method |
| Different cases |
| Bessel, Legendre and hypergeometric differential equations and their solutions |
| Simultaneous total different equations |
| Equations of the form dx/P=dy/Q=dz/R |
| Methods of grouping and multipliers |
| Solution of a system of linear differential equation with constant coefficients |
| An equivalent triangular system |
| Degenerate case |
| Laplace transforms |
| Linearity of Laplace transforms |
| First shifting property |
| Table of Laplace transforms |
| Inverse Laplace transforms |
| Laplace transform of derivative and integrals |
| Unit step function and its Laplace transform |
| Second shifting property |
| Unit impulsive function and its Laplace transform |
| Convolution and periodic function theorems |
| Solution of linear differential equations with constant coefficients using Laplace transform methods |
| Formation and solution of a partial differential equations |
| Equations easily integrable |
| Linear partial differential equations of first order |
| Non-linear partial differential equation of first order and their different forms |
| Charpit’s method |
| Homogeneous linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients |
| Different cases for complimentary functions and particular integrals |
| Non-homogeneous partial differential equations with constant coefficients |
| Classification of second order linear partial differential equations |
| Method of separation of variables |
| Fourier series |
| Even and odd functions and their fourier series |
| Change of interval |
| Vibration of stretched string |
| One and two dimensional heat flow |
| Solution of Laplace equation in Cartesian and polar co-ordinates |
| Variation of a functional |
| Variational problems |
| Euler’s equations and its various cases |
| Externals |
| Functional depending on unknown functions, functionals depending on higher derivatives |
| Variational problems in parametric form |
| Isoperimetric problem |
| Canonical form of Euler’s equation |
| Functionals depending on functions of several independent variables |
| Ostrogradsky’s equation |
Advanced Calculus |
|---|
| Functions of several variables, contour lines, level curves and level surfaces, limits and continuity for functions of two and more variables, partial derivatives, partial derivatives and continuity, differentiability |
| The chain rule for functions of two and three variables |
| Directional derivatives, gradient vectors, tangent planes, linearization and differentials, extreme values and saddle points, local and absolute maxima/ minima, the method of Lagrange multipliers (with one constraint only) |
| Taylor’s series for function of two variables, partial derivatives with constrained variables |
| Double integral over a rectangle region, double integral as volume, double integral over non rectangular regions, Fubini’s theorem, area of a region in a plane, transformation of double integral from Cartesian to polar coordinates and vice-versa |
| Spherical and cylindrical coordinates, triple integral in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. line integral, gradient field, Green’s theorem in a plane, evaluation of line integral using Green’s theorem, surface area, surface integral |
| Strokes theorem |
Algebra |
|---|
| Binary operations, definitions of group, ring and field with examples, vector spaces, subspaces, span of a set, sum of subspaces, linear dependence and independence, dimension and basis, coordinates of a vector relative to the ordered basis |
| Dimension theorem |
| Linear transformation and its properties, range and kernel of a linear transformation, rank and nullity of linear transformation, rank-nullity theorem, inverse of linear transformation |
| The vector space L(U,V) and its dimension, composition of linear transformations, matrix associated with a linear transformation, linear transformation associated with a matrix, matrix as a linear transformation and its rank and nullity |
| Elementary row operations and row-reduced echelon form, inverse of a matrix through elementary row operation, solution of a system of linear equations, eigen-values, eigen vectors |
Descriptive statistics |
|---|
| Measures of central tendency, dispersion, Skewnes and Kurtosis, scatter diagram, correlation coefficient, rank correlation, Spearman’s and Kendall’s measures, multiple correlations in three variables, partial correlation in three variables |
| Regression lines, regression coefficient and principal of least squares and curve fitting |
Probability theory |
|---|
| Definition of probability, discrete and continuous sample space, events, independent and mutually exclusive events, random experiment, conditional probability, Baye’s theorem and its application, random variables, mathematical expectation |
| Chesbyshev’s inequality |
Probability distributions |
|---|
| Uniform, binomial, Poisson, geometric, hypergeometric, normal exponential gamma and beta distribution, their means, variances and other properties |
Sampling theory |
|---|
| Concept of population and sampling, census and sample survey, random sample, sample size, non-sampling errors, concept of bias and standard error of an estimate, sampling distributions, tests of significance based on t, chi-square and F tests |
Statistical inference |
|---|
| Requirements of a good estimator, methods of estimation (MLE and method of moments), interval estimation |
| Testing of hypothesis, simple and composite hypothesis, errors of first and second type and critical region |
Design of experiments and LPP |
|---|
| ANOVA for one way and two way classifications, principles of design of experiments, CRD, RBD and LSD, General LPP, graphical and simplex method of solving LPP |
Fundamentals of computers and problem solving |
|---|
Business data processing |
|---|
Data structure and structured programming |
|---|
Systems programming and operating system |
|---|
B.Com(Hons.), B.A. (Hons.) & M.Sc. Finance @ JSBF | recognised as IOE | #1 Private University | Inter-discilinary | Merit-based scholarships
Applicants appearing for the exam must check the AMU exam pattern 2024 for their preparations. The exam pattern of AMU entrance test 2024 comprises number of questions, marking scheme, exam duration, mode of examination and others. AMU entrance test 2024 exam pattern will be released separately for all the courses. For more details, candidates can check the details given below.
Candidates can boost their preparation by being familiar with the exam pattern of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for B.Tech programme.
AMUEEE exam pattern 2024
Particulars | Details |
Mode | Pen and Paper Mode |
Duration | 3 hours |
Medium of Language | English |
Type of Questions | Objective. Multiple Choice Questions |
Sections | Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics |
Total Number of Questions | 150 Questions |
Marking Scheme | One mark for every correct answer |
The candidates are advised to refer to the exam pattern before starting off their preparation. Through the AMU BA LLB 2024 Exam Pattern, the candidates will be able to know more details about the examination.
Mode – Pen and Paper Mode
Duration – Two hours
Medium of Language - English
Type of Questions – Objective, Multiple Choice Questions and Short Answer Type Questions
Sections – General English, Current Affairs/General Knowledge and Reasoning and Aptitude.
Total Number of Questions – 75 objective, multiple choice questions and 10 short answer type questions
Candidates should know the exam pattern of AMU Entrance Test 2024 for B.A (Hons) to prepare well and be familiar with the entrance examination.
AMU 2024 BA Hons. Exam Pattern
Particulars | Details |
Mode | Pen and Paper |
Duration | Two hours |
Medium of Language | English |
Type of Questions | Objective. Multiple Choice Questions |
Sections |
|
Marking Scheme | One mark for every correct answer |
It is important for the candidates to be aware of the AMU Entrance Test 2024 exam pattern. This will allow the candidates to strategize their preparation.
AMU 2024 Exam Pattern
Particulars | Details |
Mode | Pen and Paper |
Duration | Two hours |
Medium of Language | English |
Type of Questions | Objective, Multiple Choice Questions |
Sections |
|
Marking Scheme | One mark for every correct answer |
Candidates can check the AMU B.Sc. Hons. Entrance Test 2024 exam pattern for reference below to boost their preparation.
AMU BSc Exam Pattern 2024
Particulars | Details |
Mode | Pen and Paper |
Duration | Two hours |
Medium of Language | English |
Type of Questions | Objective. Multiple Choice Questions |
Sections |
|
Marking Scheme | One mark for every correct answer |
Total Number of Questions | 100 Questions |
The exam pattern of AMU entrance exam 2024 allows the candidates to know more and be familiar with the examination which will help them prepare.
AMU BArch Exam Pattern 2024
Particulars | Details |
Mode | Pen and Paper Mode |
Duration | Three hours for each paper |
Medium of Language | English |
Type of Questions | Paper I - objective, multiple choice questions, Paper II - descriptive questions and a test of drawing. |
Sections | Paper I (B.Tech) Paper II (Architecture Aptitude Test) |
The exam pattern of AMU Entrance Test for LL.M is listed below:
Mode – Pen and Paper Mode
Duration – Two hours
Medium of Language - English
Type of Questions – Short Answer Type Questions
Sections – 20 questions of LLB/BA.LLB standard syllabus
Total Marks – 100 Marks
Since the candidates are advised to check the exam pattern of AMU entrance test 2024, the major details of the examination have been listed below for reference:
Mode – Pen and Paper Mode
Duration – Two hours
Medium of Language - English
Type of Questions – Objective. Multiple Choice Questions
Sections
Mathematics and Statistics – 50 Questions
Physics – 20 Questions
Computer Science – 20 Questions
Logical Ability, Deductive Ability and Reasoning – 10 Questions
Total Number of Questions – 100 Questions
Marking Scheme – One mark for every correct answer
Aligarh Muslim University will issue the AMU entrance test admit card in online mode on its official website. Applicants can download their AMU entrance test 2024 admit card through their login credentials. Only those candidates who have successfully submitted the application form will be able to download the AMU 2024 admit card. The AMU admit card 2024 mentions details such as exam timings, name of the candidate, category of the candidate, programme applied, exam centre address and examination day instructions. After downloading the AMU entrance test admit card, candidates must check all the details mentioned in it. In case of any discrepancy in the admit card of AMU entrance exam 2024, applicants must contact the exam authority for the corrections Steps to download the AMU Entrance Test admit card are given below..
How to download the AMU entrance test admit card 2024?
Visit the AMU official website.
Click on the direct link to download the AMU entrance test admit card.
Select the course of study and enter the application number in the given space.Select the course of study and enter the application number in the given space.
Click on "Download the admit card".
The admit card will appear on the screen.
Download the AMU entrance test 2024 admit card for future reference.
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| Lucknow | |
| Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal |
| Bihar | Patna |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar |
| Kerala | Kozhikode |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| Kerala | Kozhikode |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| Lucknow | |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar |
| Bihar | Patna |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| Lucknow | |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar |
| Bihar | Patna |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| Lucknow | |
| West Bengal | Kolkata |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar |
| Bihar | Patna |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
| State | City |
|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | Aligarh |
The exam conducting authority will release the AMU entrance test answer key at its official website. The exam authority first release the provisional AMU entrance test answer key. Applicants are allowed to raise objections in the AMU 2024 answer key as per the schedule. After considering all the objections to the AMU entrance test answer key, the exam conducting authority will release the AMU final answer key 2024. With the help of the AMU entrance test 2024 answer key, applicants can calculate their expected scores before the declaration of the result. Steps to download the answer key of AMU entrance test are given below.
How to download the AMU Entrance Test answer key 2024
Visit the AMU official website.
Click on the ‘General Admission’ tab from the homepage.
Click on the direct link to check the answer key.
Now, select the course from the dropdown menu.
AMU entrance test answer key will be displayed.
Download AMU entrance test 2024 answer key for future reference.
The exam conducting authority will announce the AMU 2024 entrance test result in online mode. Applicants will be able to check the AMU entrance test result through the official website. The AMU 2024 entrance test result consists of details such as roll number and rank of the candidate. No candidates will receive the result of AMU 2024 through post or courier. Steps to download the AMU entrance test result are given below.
How to check AMU entrance test result 2024?
Visit the AMU official website.
Click on 'Admission & Exams' tab from the homepage
Select the 'General Admission' tab under the 'Admission' option.
Click on 'Results of Admission Tests under 'Result/Answer Keys of Admission Test' section.
Select the respective faculty and program.
AMU entrance test result 2024 PDF will appear on the screen.
Download the result PDF for future reference.
The minimum qualifying marks required to clear the entrance test is the AMU cutoff. The university will release the AMU 2024 cut off marks along with the counselling schedule. The AMU cut off 2024 will be released separately for girls and boys. AMU entrance test 2024 cutoff will vary as per the course and category selected by the candidates.
Mode of Counselling: Online
After the declaration of the AMU 2024 entrance test result, the exam conducting authority will commence the counselling process. The counselling of AMU 2024 will be conducted separately depending upon the ranking of the candidates. AMU counselling 2024 comprises registration, choice filling, seat allotment, document verification and others.
Only those candidates who cleared the cut off marks will be eligible for the AMU 2024 counselling. After the successful verification of the qualified candidates and the fee payment, the seats will be allotted to the candidates. To confirm their admission, the candidates have to pay the admission fees.
| Validity of Exam Result: | For 1 Year |
| Mode of Exam: | Offline |
| Contacts: | 05712700922 |
| +1 More | |
| Relevant Links: | Official Website Link Click Here |
| +1 More |
Answer:
The AMU entrance test will be conducted in pen and paper-based mode.
Answer:
The AMU 2024 entrance examination will be conducted from June 8 to 10.
Answer:
The Aligarh Muslim University conducts the AMU 2024 entrance test.
Answer:
0.25 marks will be deducted for every incorrect answer in the AMU entrance test 2024.
Answer:
There are a total of seven AMU exam centres around the country.
Answer:
The mode of filling the AMU application form is entirely in online mode.
Answer:
The admissions to M.Tech programmes will be conducted generally with the help of the GATE exam, but in the case of remaining seats, the admissions will be conducted through the AMU department test.
Answer:
The AMU counselling 2024 will begin after AMU 2024 merit lists are released.
Answer:
No, the admissions to the programmes offered by Aligarh Muslim University will be done with the help of the AMU entrance test.
Answer:
The Aligarh Muslim University has released the AMU application form 2024 for UG and PG programmes on March 17 and 21 respectively.
Hello,
Angel Carmel Montessori Higher Secondary School (ACMHSS) is a reputed educational institution located in Lucknow, India. It offers Montessori education up to higher secondary level. The school focuses on providing quality education and development to its students, emphasizing both academic excellence and character building.
Hope this helps,
Thank you
Hello aspirant,
To enroll in AMU, one must first fulfill the eligibility requirements and then complete the application. Next, take the AMU department exam or, if necessary, apply for admission through CUET. To access the entrance form, counseling, and admission, register on the AMU website.
To know the complete admission process, please visit the following link;
https://www.careers360.com/university/aligarh-muslim-university-aligarh/admission
Thank you
Hope it helps you.
Hey,
You have not mentioned the course for which you want to take the AMU Exam. However, be it any subject or course for which you want to apply, the only key to clear any entrance exam is your preparation and clarity of basics.
Entrance exams usually test how much clarity you have in the basics of your subject. It would help if you practised a lot by solving previous year's papers, model papers, and mock question papers to know your weak areas. It doesn't matter whether you belong to any village/city, you can clear any entrance exam with hard work and sheer determination.
You can know more detailed information about the AMU exam over this page: https://www.careers360.com/exams/amu-entrance-test
Hello Aqib,
The AMU admission 2019 test date for M.Sc. (Biotechnology) is 7th April, 2019. For more information, please go through the link given below
https://university.careers360.com/articles/amu-admission
Thanks for query on this platform, you may visit again for further queries.
All the best.
05712700922
05712700935
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