Introduction to Geophysical Methods and Electrical Methods: Overview of geophysical exploration methods, scope and applications in geotechnical, environmental, and groundwater investigations. Introduction to Electrical Methods and its relation to subsurface properties.
Electrical Resistivity Methods: Resistivity data Acquisition: Array Configurations and Their Advantages; Different Data Interpretation Techniques; 3D Resistivity Tomography; Application in Environmental and Geotechnical investigations, Field Demonstration on VES
Application of Resistivity & Self-Potential Methods: Case studies on the application of resistivity method on groundwater, field demonstration, Self-Potential Methods, Principles, field procedures and interpretation, Case studies
Induced Polarization and Electromagnetic methods: Principle, Time-domain and frequency-domain techniques. Instrumentation and survey design. Data processing and interpretation for subsurface characterization; Airborne methods, National Aquifer Mapping, Heliborne Case studies, Field demonstration of EM.
Seismic Methods -I Principles of seismic wave propagation. Sources of seismic explosion, Travel velocity in various geological formations. Seismic data acquisition and data reduction techniques
Seismic Methods -II Refraction and Reflection surveys, Determination of formation thickness, attitude and depth, seismic inversion techniques, application of seismic method on tunnelling, borehole seismics, geotechnical application and case studies.
Seismic Methods -III, Seismic Reflection Case studies, Assessment of ground improvement, Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), introduction, Case studies.
Gravity Methods: Introduction and principle of gravity method, gravimeters: Types and field procedures. Corrections in gravity surveys, Qualitative interpretation of gravity anomalies.
Applications and Advanced Gravity Techniques: Quantitative interpretation of gravity data. Applications, Gravity surveys in environmental and engineering investigations, GRACE Mission and Case studies.
Magnetic Methods: Earth's magnetic field and components. Magnetometers: Types, principles and field operations. Qualitative interpretation of magnetic anomalies, Applications and Case studies.
Radar Techniques: Ground penetrating radar methods; Synthetic aperture radar imaging for land deformation studies; Other emerging methods: Surface nuclear magnetic resonance methods.
Radioactivity Methods and Well Logging: Electrical and radioactivity logging methods, calliper, NMR and other miscellaneous logging methods; field procedure and interpretation of data.