ANF Full Form

What is the full form of ANF?

ANF, or atrial natriuretic factor, or atrial natriuretic peptide, or atrial natriuretic hormone or atriopeptin, or hormone of the heart is a protein hormone that is produced and released by cardiac muscle cells. It acts as a vasodilator and plays a significant role in maintaining the levels of bodily fluids, ions, and fat in adipose tissue. The human natriuretic peptide A (NPPA) gene encodes for this hormone. It is synthesized in its active form and gets activated in response to any stress signal or injury. It reduces plasma volume through three mechanisms: Increasing the excretion of salt and water through the kidney, enhancing vascular permeability and vasodilation.

Receptors of ANF

• NPR1 (Natriuretic peptide receptor-A)

• NPR2 (Natriuretic peptide receptor-B)

• NPR3 (Natriuretic peptide clearance receptor)

Physiological Effects of ANF

• Anti-hypertensive in nature

• Smooth muscle relaxant

• Lowers blood pressure by dilating blood vessels

• Reduces salt reabsorption

• Increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate

Degradation of ANF

ANF is gradually degraded due to the enzyme neutral endopeptidase (NEP).

ANF as biomarker

ANF is a diagnostic marker for several diseases, including-

• Myocardial infarction

• Stroke

• Heart failure

• Coronary artery disease