Question : Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions.

All foodstuffs change. Green fruits become ripe and eggs go bad or rotten. It is the enzymes naturally present in each food which bring about the complex chemical changes that lead first to ripening and then to rotting.

How does one control the activity of enzymes, bacteria, yeasts and moulds in food? All of them require air, moisture and a certain temperature, usually somewhere near the body temperature, to be active. Depriving them of one or more of these will suppress them. All microorganisms can be killed by heat sterilisation. This simply means heating the food to high enough temperatures by boiling, deep or shallow frying, roasting, baking and, for milk particularly, pasteurisation. After such sterilisation, if the food is sealed in airtight containers, it can be kept for a long time. A certain water content in food is necessary for microorganisms to be active. Drying in the sun is a simple way of bringing down the moisture level so low that the enzymes and microorganisms cannot flourish.

Some chemicals can suppress undesirable activity. The addition of salt, vinegar, spices and oil or sugar syrup are other ways of preventing foods from going bad. If heating kills, freezing inactivates the enzymes and microorganisms. This is what happens in a refrigerator, in which fruits, vegetables and milk can be kept for fairly long periods. For meat and fish, even colder temperatures, below freezing point, are necessary for preservation. All foods which are kept cold in this way, once taken out and returned to room temperature, are again subject to spoilage and change.

Question:
What action does freezing have on the enzymes?

Option 1: It activates them

Option 2: It kills them

Option 3: It preserves them

Option 4: It inactivates them

Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
'What's your name, boy?' said the gentleman in the high chair. Oliver was frightened at the sight of so many gentlemen, which made him tremble and speak in a very low and hesitating voice.
'Listen to me. You know you're an orphan, I suppose? And that you were brought up by the parish, don't you?'
'Yes, sir,' replied Oliver, weeping bitterly.
'I hope you say your prayers every night,' said another gentleman in a gruff voice, 'and pray for the people who feed you, and take care of you'.
'Yes, sir,' stammered the boy.
'Well! You have come here to be educated, and taught a useful trade,' said the red-faced gentleman in the high chair.

Poor Oliver! He little thought, as he lay sleeping, happily unconscious of things around him, that the board had that very day arrived at a decision which would exercise the most material influence over all his future fortunes.

But they had. They believed the workhouse was a regular place of public entertainment for the poorer classes; a tavern where there was nothing to pay; a public breakfast, dinner, tea, and supper all the year round; a brick and mortar place, where it was all play and no work. 'Oho!' said the board, looking very knowing; 'we are the fellows to set this to rights; we'll stop it all, in no time.'

So, they established the rule, that all poor people should be starved by a gradual process in the house. The water-works were asked to lay on an unlimited supply of water; a corn-factory asked to supply small quantities of oatmeal; and it was decided to issue three meals of thin gruel a day, with an onion twice a week, and half a roll of bread on Sundays.

Question:
How was Oliver feeling?

Option 1: Bored

Option 2: Happy

Option 3: Unconcerned

Option 4: Frightened

Question : Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct options out of the given ones.

The old man was overjoyed when he heard of the invitation. He became nearly incoherent with joy. He was torn between the attraction of the offer and shyness. For the first time, Srinivas observed that the man could be moved by shyness. "No, no, I never eat anywhere. Oh, don't trouble yourself about it... No, no ..." he said but all the same, got up and followed Srinivas into the kitchen. He grinned affably at Srinivas's wife and commented flatteringly: "I have always told a lot of people to come and observe this lady for a model. How well she looks after the house. I wish modern girls were all like her." Srinivas gently propelled him to a plank, on which he sat down. He observed from his wife's face that she was pleased with the compliment, and Srinivas felt that old man's coffee was now assured. His wife came out with a tumbler of water and two leaves and set them in front of them. She then served a couple of cakes on each leaf, and the old man rubbed his hands with the joy of anticipation.
At a signal from Srinivas, he fell to; and Srinivas wondered how long it was since the other had had any. "What do you eat at night?" he asked testingly. The old man tore off a piece of cake and stuffed it in his mouth and swallowed it before he answered, shaking his head: 'I'm not a youth. Time was when I used to take three meals a day - three full meals a day in addition to tiffin twice a day. Do you know
"That's remarkable." Agreed Srinivas admiringly. "But now what do you do?"
"I'm a sanyasi, my dear young man."

Question:

Why was the old man felt overjoyed on receiving the invitation?

Option 1: The old man was very hungry.
 

Option 2: The meal was prepared by an experienced cook.
 

Option 3: Srinivas would not have accepted no as an answer.
 

Option 4: A rich aroma of food was coming out of the kitchen.

Question : Case Study 16:

GHI Ltd. is a leading company in the telecommunications sector planning to expand its international operations.

Question : 

GHI Ltd. is looking to raise funds for expanding its international operations. Which type of financial instrument might it use?

Option 1: Commercial paper
 

Option 2: Equity share
 

Option 3: Debenture

Option 4: Treasury bill

Question : Identify the importance of business environment highlighted in the below case.
Environment is a source of opportunities amd thread it helps to understand and analyse the base for the future codes of action and guidelines for decision making.
 

Option 1: Helps in taping useful resources
 

Option 2: Helps in coping with rapid changes
 

Option 3: Helps in assisting in planning and policy formation
 

Option 4: Health and improving performance.
 

Question : Phiu, Queen and Lilly commenced business on 1st April 2019 with capitals of:

Phiu -Rs. 2,00,000; Queen -Rs. 2,00,000 and Lilly -Rs. 1,00,000. Profits are shared in the ratio of 4:3:3. Capital carried interest @ 5% p.a. During the year 2019-20, the firm suffered a loss of Rs. 1,50,000 before allowing interest on capital. Drawings of each partner during the year were Rs. 20,000. On 31st March 2020, the partners agreed to dissolve the firm as it was no longer profitable. The creditors on that date were Rs. 40,000. The assets realised a net value of Rs. 3,20,000 and the expenses of realisation were Rs. 7,000.

The value of sundry assets are __________and loss of realization will be____________.

Option 1: The value of sundry assets are Rs 3,50,000, and loss on realisation Rs 17,000

Option 2: The value of sundry assets Rs 3,30,000 and loss on realization Rs 17000

Option 3: The value of Sunday assets Rs 33000 and loss on realization Rs 17000

Option 4: None of the above

Question : Which of the following is not true for Direct Tax receipts?

Option 1: It is imposed on income and wealth of individual and firms

Option 2: Burden of payment can be shifted
 

Option 3: In India, these taxes are progressive in nature

Option 4: They are not included in the estimation of national income

Question : Directions: Which one set of letters when sequentially placed at the gaps in the given letter series shall complete it?
c_bba_cab_ac_ab_ac

Option 1: babcc

Option 2: bcacb

Option 3: acbcb

Option 4: abcbc

Question : Assertion (A): High levels of human capital imply not only high earning potential but also a shift in the social and economic landscape.
Reason (R): It alters one's style of thinking and enables one to come to informed and logical judgments.

Option 1: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).

Option 2: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).

Option 3: Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is False

Option 4: Assertion (A) is False but Reason (R) is true.

Question : Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit. ISRO launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023, at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR,
Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15-minute flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1, and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into a 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO.

About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.

With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later.

“New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. An 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added.

SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on a ‘launch-on-demand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO.

Question:

After reading the passage it can be inferred that it is

Option 1: a government release

Option 2: a news item

Option 3: a magazine article

Option 4: an editorial