Correct Answer: Self-actualization needs

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Self-actualization needs.

Self-actualization is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, representing the desire for self-improvement, creativity, realization of one's potential, and personal growth. When employees are encouraged to explore their creativity and achieve their full potential, they are fulfilling their self-actualization needs. This indicates a work environment that values not only basic physiological and safety needs but also emphasizes personal development and reaching one's highest level of capabilities.

Correct Answer:  Only assumption I is valid

Solution : Given:

Statement

If people are intelligent, they should be creative.

Now, let's assess the assumptions:

I. Creativity and intelligence are related.
This assumption is supported by the statement. The statement implies that there is a relationship between intelligence and creativity. It suggests that if people are intelligent, they should also possess creativity, which indicates a connection between the two.

II. Creative people are intelligent.
This assumption is not explicitly supported by the statement. While the statement mentions that intelligent people should be creative, it doesn't necessarily mean that all creative people are intelligent. Creativity and intelligence may overlap, but one does not guarantee the other.

So, Assumption I is supported by the statement, but Assumption II is not necessarily true based on the given statement.

Hence, the second option is correct.

Correct Answer: Planning may not work in a dynamic environment.
 

Solution : The business environment is dynamic in nature. The organisation has to constantly adapt itself to changes. Rigidities involves obstacles to effective planning. It is difficult to make accurate forecast.
Hence Option B is correct.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (e) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion is correct because every manager can develop their unique style of managing things and people, even when they have learned the same management theories and principles. Individual personality, experience, and situational factors can all influence a manager's approach to management.

The reason is correct in the sense that, like art, management can involve an element of practice and creativity. However, while it suggests that creativity is the reason for the uniqueness of management styles, it does not directly explain why managers have their own unique styles. Various factors, including personal attributes, the organizational context, and individual experiences, contribute to a manager's unique style. 

Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Initiative

Initiative in management principles encourages employees to take the initiative, be proactive, and take on responsibilities beyond their basic job requirements. It involves empowering employees to make decisions, propose new ideas, and contribute to the organization's success. This principle reflects a culture of encouraging innovation and independent thinking among employees.

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (e) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Management is often considered both an art and a science. The assertion that management is considered an art is correct because it involves the application of skills, knowledge, and creativity to achieve organizational goals, which is in line with artistic aspects.

However, the reason provided does not directly explain why management is considered an art. It explains the nature of management but doesn't establish a causal relationship between management being an art and the application of skills, knowledge, and creativity. 

Correct Answer: Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion is correct. The principle of "Initiative" in management encourages employees to take proactive steps, demonstrate creativity, and exercise their judgment in their work roles without always relying on explicit instructions from superiors.

The reason is correct. Encouraging employees to take initiative does indeed enhance creativity and innovation in problem-solving, as they are empowered to think critically and come up with new and innovative solutions to challenges they encounter.

Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows

Solution : Conclusion I: Creativity and intelligence are related.
According to the given statement, there is a relationship between intelligence and creativity. Therefore, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion II: Creative people are intelligent.
According to the statement, it means that intelligent people should be creative but it does not mean that creative people must be intelligent. Therefore, this conclusion does not follow.

So, the only conclusion I follows. Hence, the first option is correct.

Correct Answer: Both statements are true
 

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both statements are true.

Statement 1 is true because management involves the application of skills, knowledge, and creativity in making decisions, solving problems, and achieving organizational goals. It requires creative problem-solving and the use of expertise to adapt to changing situations.

Statement 2 is also true because management often involves implementing predefined procedures and guidelines. While there is a creative and adaptive aspect to management, there are also established processes and procedures that organizations follow to ensure consistency and efficiency in their operations. Both aspects are part of the management function.

Correct Answer: Planning involves huge cost.
 

Solution : Planning involves huge cost in the formulation. For instance, checking accuracy. Planning should be avoided if benefit donot justify. Detailed plans require scientific calculations. 
Hence Option D is correct.