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Question : Comprehension: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Before the advent of soap, the primary cleansing agent in ancient India was taken from soap nuts (reetha) from the plant Sapindus saponaria. The literal translation of Sapindus is sap = soap and indus = India. In other words, soap from India!
The nut was used in ancient China as well and its usage spread from India to Middle Asia and then Europe. Soap nuts are boiled to soften them up, and then crushed to filter out the essence which contains the all-important cleansing chemicals. It lathers but in small quantities. Ancient India also used shikai or shikakai (a variant of the acacia plant) as a hair and body cleanser.
The skincare routines of ancient Indians involved the addition of a variety of herbs such as turmeric, tulsi (holy basil), neem (bark and leaves), lotus petals and sandalwood paste amongst others which were common ingredients in their skincare creams.
Another worth mentioning soap in skin care is the Aleppo soap, which originated from the Syrian city of Aleppo. This is considered one of the purest soaps as it is made with all natural ingredients. Aleppo soap does not dry out the skin. It also moisturises and nourishes the skin and is purported to benefit a host of skin problems such as eczema, skin breakouts, inflammatory skin conditions, insect bites, and skin infections. However, the exact origin of the soap is lost in time with the earliest written record dating as far back as the 8th Century AD. After the Crusades, European nations adopted Aleppo soap and started producing their own variations. However, the ancient city of Aleppo thrived on trade for thousands of years, famous for being the endpoint of the illustrious Silk Road trade route that bridged the East and the West.
Generations of merchant families and manufacturers made the unique soap for thousands of years and the formulation has remained surprisingly unchanged in all this time retaining its original form. Olive oil, sweet bay (laurel) oil, sodium hydroxide and water are the main ingredients of this soap. Bay (Laurus nobilis) has remarkable antibacterial and antifungal properties, and could explain some of the benefits of this soap in conditions such as acne, insect bites and skin infections.
Question: Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
Option 1: Olive oil, sweet bay (laurel) oil, sodium hydroxide, and water are the main ingredients of this soap.
Option 2: Aleppo soap is beneficial in a number of skin problems, like eczema, skin breakouts, etc.
Option 3: The ancient city of Aleppo thrived on the trade of their creams for thousands of years.
Option 4: After the Crusades, European nations adopted Aleppo soap and started producing their own variations.
Correct Answer: The ancient city of Aleppo thrived on the trade of their creams for thousands of years.
Solution : The correct choice is the third option.
The passage mentions Aleppo soap being a significant trade commodity, but it doesn't specifically refer to the city thriving on the trade of
Question : Direction: In this question, a word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in any one of the alternatives. The sets of numbers given in the alternatives are represented by two classes of alphabets as in the two matrices, given below. The columns and rows of Matrix (I) are numbered from 0 to 4 and that of Matrix (II) are numbered from 5 to 9. A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row and next by its column, e.g. A can be represented by 02,14, 40, etc. and P can be represented by 56, 75, 87, etc. Similarly, you have to identify the set for the word TAKE.
Option 1: 23, 21, 85, 95
Option 2: 30, 33, 87, 88
Option 3: 04, 33, 66, 99
Option 4: 11, 21, 85, 86
Correct Answer: 23, 21, 85, 95
Solution : Given – TAKE
Option first: 23, 21, 85, 95
TAKE
The first set represents the word TAKE.
Option second: 30, 33, 87, 88
TAPE
Option third: 04, 33, 66, 99
TAKP
Option fourth: 11, 21, 85, 86
TAKS
Hence, first option is
Question : Directions: Which of the following letter clusters will replace the question mark (?) and complete the following letter cluster series? LE, OJ, UO, DT, (?)
Option 1: PZ
Option 2: QY
Option 3: PX
Option 4: PY
Correct Answer: PY
Solution : Given: LE, OJ, UO, DT, ?
Add multiples of 3 to the first letter of the series and add 5 to the second letter of the series. LE: L + 3 = O; E + 5 = J. OJ: O + 6 = U; J
Question : Directions: In the following question, some parts of the sentence may have some errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If the sentence is free from error, select "No error."
When I fail (1) / to solve the problem myself (2) / I unhesitatingly called for his help. (3) / No error (4)
Option 1: (1)
Option 2: (2)
Option 3: (3)
Option 4: (4)
Correct Answer: (1)
Solution : The error lies in the first part of the sentence.
In this sentence, the verb fail should be replaced with failed as the sentence indicates a past event. So the past form, i.e., the second form of the verb has to be used here.
Therefore,
Question : Directions: Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All bottles are pens. Some mugs are bottles. Conclusions: I. Some mugs are pens. II. All pens are mugs.
Option 1: Only conclusion II follows
Option 2: Only conclusion I follows
Option 3: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Option 4: Both the conclusions follow
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Solution : The possible Venn diagram, according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyze the conclusions – Conclusion (I): Some mugs are pens – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing mugs and pens overlap and have
Question : In 1979, who shared the Nobel Prize with Georg Wittig for their ‘development of the use of Boron- and Phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis’?
Option 1: Herbert C. Brown
Option 2: Arne Tiselius
Option 3: Henry Taube
Option 4: Emil Fischer
Correct Answer: Herbert C. Brown
Solution : The correct answer is Herbert C. Brown.
Herbert C. Brown, along with Georg Wittig of the University of Heidelberg, was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1979 for their independent contributions to organic synthesis. Purdue University commemorates his achievements
Question : Which of the following acts, enacted by the British Parliament, provided for the establishment of a Law Commission for the consolidation and codification of Indian laws?
Option 1: Indian Council Act, 1909
Option 2: Government of India Act, 1919
Option 3: Charter Act, 1813
Option 4: Charter Act, 1833
Correct Answer: Charter Act, 1833
Solution : The correct option is the Charter Act, of 1833.
The Charter Act of 1833 was a significant piece of legislation enacted by the British Parliament regarding the governance of British India. The act marked the end of the East India Company's trade
Question : Rahul Srivatshav Peddi became India's 74th Chess Grandmaster with an Elo rating of _________.
Option 1: 2400
Option 2: 2500
Option 3: 2000
Option 4: 2200
Correct Answer: 2500
Solution : The correct option is 2500.
Telangana's Rahul Srivatshav Peddi becomes the 74th Grandmaster of India. At the 9th Cattolica Chess Festival in 2022 in Italy, he broke through the 2500(Elo points) barrier in live FIDE ratings, earning him the title. A player must achieve three
Question : Directions: Based on the position in the English alphabetical order, three of the following letter clusters are alike in some manner and one is different. Select the odd letter cluster.
Option 1: PSTZ
Option 2: ADEJ
Option 3: LOPU
Option 4: FIJO
Correct Answer: PSTZ
Solution : Let's check the options – First option: PSTZ; P + 3 = S; S + 1 = T; T + 6 = Z Second option: ADEJ; A + 3 = D; D + 1 = E; E + 5 = J Third option: LOPU; L
Question : Basanthi deposited INR 50,000 in a co-operative bank which is giving compound interest at the rate of 10% per annum. What will be her interest in the 3rd year?
Option 1: INR 66,550
Option 2: INR 6,050
Option 3: INR 5,050
Option 4: INR 10,050
Correct Answer: INR 6,050
Solution : Principal sum = INR 50000 Rate = 10% per annum compounded annually Interest in first year = 10% of 50000 = 5000 Amount after one year = 55000 Interest in second year = 10% of 55000 = 5500 Amount after two years = 55000
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