Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some spices are medicines.
All medicines are chemicals.
No chemical is cheap.
Conclusions:
I. Some medicines are cheap.
II. Some chemicals are spices.
III. No medicine is cheap.
Option 1: Only conclusions I and III follow
Option 2: Only conclusions II and III follow
Option 3: Only conclusions I and II follow
Option 4: All conclusions follow
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Correct Answer: Only conclusions II and III follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
Some medicines are cheap – Since all medicines are chemicals and no chemicals are cheap, it can be concluded that no medicines are cheap. So, this conclusion does not follow.
Conclusion (II):
Some chemicals are spices – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing chemicals and spices overlap and have a part of their area in common. So, it can be concluded that some chemicals are spices.
Conclusion (III):
No medicine is cheap – Since all medicines are chemicals and no chemicals are cheap. So, it can be concluded that no medicine is cheap.
So, only conclusions II and III follow. Hence, the second option is correct.
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