Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
No rain is an earthquake.
All rains are floods.
Some rains are droughts.
Conclusions:
I. Some floods are earthquakes.
II. Some droughts are earthquakes.
III. Some floods are droughts.
Option 1: All conclusions follow
Option 2: Only conclusions I and III follow
Option 3: Only conclusion III follows
Option 4: Only conclusions II and III follow
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Correct Answer: Only conclusion III follows
Solution : According to the given statements, the Venn diagram is as follows –
Let's check the conclusions –
Conclusion I:
Some floods are earthquakes – The circles representing floods and earthquakes may overlap. But this is not definite. Thus, this conclusion doesn’t follow.
Conclusion II:
Some droughts are earthquakes – The circles representing droughts and earthquakes may overlap. But this is not definite. Thus, this conclusion doesn’t follow.
Conclusion III:
Some floods are droughts – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circles representing floods and droughts overlap and have a part of their area in common. Thus, it can be concluded that some floods are droughts.
So, the only conclusion III follows. Hence, the third option is correct.
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