Question : Directions: Three statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. Some poems are horses.
II. All horses are toys.
III. All toys are ships.
Conclusions:
I. All toys being poems is a possibility.
II. Some horses are ships.
Option 1: Both conclusions I and II follow
Option 2: Either conclusion I or II follows
Option 3: Only conclusion I follows
Option 4: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
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Correct Answer: Both conclusions I and II follow
Solution : The possible Venn diagram, according to the given statements is as follows –
Let's analyse the conclusions –
Conclusion (I):
All toys being poems is a possibility – It is a possibility that the circle representing toys is completely overlapped by the circle that represents poems. So, this conclusion follows.
Conclusion (II):
Some horses are ships – From the Venn diagram, it is evident that the circle representing horses is completely overlapped by the circle that represents ships. So, from this, it can be concluded that all horses are ships. So, some horses will definitely be ships. Thus, this conclusion follows.
So, both conclusions I and II follow. Hence, the first option is correct.
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