Question : Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence. If no substitution is required, select 'No substitution'.
By withhold the officer's promotion, the department caused her a great deal of frustration.
Option 1: To withholding
Option 2: In withhold
Option 3: No substitution
Option 4: By withholding
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Correct Answer: By withholding
Solution : The correct answer is the fourth option.
Explanation : In this case, the correct gerund form withholding is needed to ensure coherence and grammatical consistency. The preposition "by" is always followed by the gerund form of the verb.
Therefore, the correct sentence would be: By withholding the officer's promotion, the department caused her a great deal of frustration.
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