Correct Answer: India- 38, Pakistan- 66, China- 9
 

Solution : Infant mortality rate is 
India- 38, Pakistan- 66, China- 9 infants.
Hence option D is correct.

Correct Answer: dating

Solution : The correct choice is the second option.

Explanation:

The sentence discusses the historical origins of using fingerprints for identification, so the appropriate verb to fill in the blank is dating. The verb dating here means establishing the age or origin of something, which aligns with the context of the passage.

Correct Answer: Statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.

Statement 1 claims that the sectoral composition of GDP in India, Pakistan, and China is characterized by the dominance of the primary sector. This statement is false. While the primary sector, which includes agriculture, forestry, and mining, has historically played a significant role in the economies of these countries, their GDP composition has shifted over time. India, Pakistan, and China have all experienced a transition toward a more diversified economy, with the secondary sector (including manufacturing and industry) and the tertiary sector (including services) gaining prominence.

Statement 2 states that services such as IT, telecommunications, banking, and tourism play a negligible role in the economies of these countries. This statement is true. Services have emerged as significant contributors to the GDP of India, Pakistan, and China. IT services, telecommunications, banking and financial services, and tourism are all sectors that have seen substantial growth and contribute significantly to the overall economies of these countries.

Therefore, statement 2 is true, Statement 1 is false.

Correct Answer: China

Solution : The correct answer is (c) China.

China has the highest GDP among India, Pakistan, and China. In 2022, China's GDP was \$17.7 trillion, compared to \$3.1 trillion for India and \$375 billion for Pakistan.

GDP is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced in a country in a given year. It is a useful tool for comparing the economic size of different countries.

Correct Answer: Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.

Solution : Statement 1 is false.India had a higher maternal mortality rate compared to China. Maternal mortality rate refers to the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. India has been working towards reducing its maternal mortality rate, but it is still higher than that of China.

Statement 2 is true. Improved healthcare facilities and access to prenatal care have indeed contributed to a lower maternal mortality rate in China. China has made significant progress in improving maternal healthcare services, including access to skilled birth attendants, prenatal care, emergency obstetric care, and family planning programs. These improvements have played a role in reducing maternal mortality rates in the country.

Therefore, Statement 1 is false (China does not have a higher maternal mortality rate compared to India), and Statement 2 is true (improved healthcare facilities and access to prenatal care have contributed to a lower maternal mortality rate in China).

Correct Answer: outweigh

Solution : The most appropriate choice is the third option.

Outweigh means to have more significance than the other. The sentence discusses the balance between the benefits and drawbacks of technology, emphasising that the benefits are greater or more significant than the drawbacks.

Correct Answer: 2&4

Solution :

1. When someone is employed by any international organisations. He is regarded as a typical inhabitant of the nation to which they are a citizen, not of the "international area."
2. Travelers are considered as non-residents who are visiting a country for purposes such as studies, medical care, recreation, participation in sports, tourism and cultural events.
3. There are certain organisations, like the World Bank, WHO, IMF, and ILO, among others. These are treated as if they are citizens of the international community rather than the nation in which they are located. 
4. Workers who go across international borders to work in a given nation are treated as citizens of that nation, not of the one in which they are employed.

Hence, Option C is correct.

Correct Answer: d

Solution : The correct answer is d.

Malaysia is the world's leading producer of natural rubber, accounting for around 35% of worldwide output. Wheat, not rice, is the principal crop farmed in North China. Rice, not wheat, is the principal crop farmed in South China. The Candy Basin in Sri Lanka is notable for producing tea rather than coffee.

Correct Answer: Brazil and Russia

Solution : The correct option is Brazil and Russia.

Along with Brazil and Russia, India is one of the world's top producers of manganese ore. These nations have considerable manganese reserves and contribute significantly to the world supply of this critical mineral. India is one of the world's top producers of manganese ore, with an annual output of 2 to 2.5 million metric tonnes. Brazil is also a major manganese ore producer, with annual output ranging from 1.5 to 2 million metric tonnes. The yearly manganese ore production in Russia is expected to be between 1 and 1.5 million metric tonnes.
 

Correct Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

While both the assertion that India and China both face the challenge of an aging population and the reason that factors such as declining fertility rates,improved healthcare, and increased life expectancy have led to a rise in the proportion of elderly people in the population are true, the reason does not fully explain the assertion.

While declining fertility rates, improved healthcare, and increased life expectancy are contributing factors to the aging population, they are not the only factors at play. Other factors such as societal and economic changes, changes in lifestyle and family structure, and advancements in technology also contribute to the challenges posed by an aging population.

Therefore,both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.